雾化槽喷嘴初始燃油雾化特性的研究

 <正> 1.试验方法 雾化槽是由槽形挡板和直流式喷嘴组成的一种气动式雾化喷嘴。本文将研究在雾化槽喷嘴下游25mm截面上的初始燃油雾化特性。 利用激光全息测量雾化槽喷嘴的油雾场。为了减小油滴密度过大对激光全息测量的影响,在同一瞬时拍摄油雾场不同空间层次油滴分布的2～3张全息记录干板。激光全息记录系统为同轴光路系统。油雾场再现处理时,直接利用摄象机把再现油滴摄入,并在监视器     

高密度喷气燃料与常规喷气燃料浓度场试验研究

本文利用ＣＯ２红外气体分析仪和取样管对高密度喷燃料和常规喷气燃料在直流喷嘴下游的浓度场分布进行了测量，就气流速度，油压降和下游距离对浓度场分布的影响进行了对比研究。试验结果表明，在相同工况下，常规喷气燃料的最大浓度值比高密度喷气燃料的大；气流速度和油压变化对高密度喷气燃料最大浓度点穿透深度的影响大于对常规喷气燃料的影响。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

虚拟装配技术在发动机漏油箱设计中的应用

以航空发动机漏油箱的改进设计为例，介绍了利用UG的特征和装配模块展开其成员组件的装配环境设计和修改工作，以便使其能够最大限度满足类似漏油箱一类具有修配性质的结构件的设计安装要求。通过示例可以看出，该设计方法对外部配置变化具有较主动的适应能力，从而能明显减少人工反复时产生的非一致错误。     

氢/空气超音速燃烧自燃规律的实验研究

对平行喷射氢／空气超音速燃烧自燃规律进行了实验研究。主流空气用氢和空气燃烧补氧的方式加热到温度1000～2100K，压力0．8～1．6MPa。发现滞止温度、滞止压力和燃烧室内部构型等都对自燃有影响，特别是滞止温度和内壁构型的影响非常大。研究了四种试验段构型的自燃规律，找到了它们的自燃极限条件。对于光滑内壁构型，当温度接近自燃极限时，发现了有兴趣的现象并作了讨论。     

主成分分析用于近红外光谱定量测定高硅氧／酚醛预浸料树脂含量及挥发份含量研究

采用傅里叶变换近红外漫反射光谱技术分析了酚醛树脂固化过程的光谱变化,发现高硅氧/酚醛预浸料的近红外光谱经一阶导数处理后,被树脂信息掩盖的挥发份(乙醇)的光谱信息显露出来,由此采用处理后的光谱定量分析挥发份能取得更精确的结果。结合主成分分析法研究了高硅氧/酚醛预浸料树脂含量、挥发份含量的定量分析。结果表明,预浸料的第一主成分在树脂含量上有极高的正载荷。用主成分回归所建立的模型对未知样品预测,树脂含量和挥发份含量平均标准偏差分别为0.6114和0.1885。     

动部件疲劳强度减缩系数确定方法研究

低周疲劳常采用寿命分散系数描述结构疲劳强度的固有分散性,而高周疲劳采用疲劳强度减缩系数来描述。在分析美、俄、法、英、德、意六国疲劳强度减缩系数取值方法的基础上,依据统计学理论,假设疲劳强度服从正态和对数正态分布从理论上确定了疲劳强度减缩系数的取值方法。针对我国现役机型特点,建立了母体标准差已知和母体标准差未知时的疲劳强度减缩系数取值方法,通过最后与国外疲劳强度减缩系数取值的分析比较,证明所建立的疲劳强度减缩系数取值方法适合我国直升机飞行使用特点。     

H2-O2-Cl2混气光化学点火特性

为了研究在H2-O2-Cl2混气中以光化学方式点火的具体物理化学过程，首先建立分析模型，然后根据此模型计算不同爆炸波后压力和温度下的光化学点火过程中温度变化以及各种粒子的浓度变化，最后根据计算结果进行绘图，并深入分析光化学点火过程。分析结果表明，光化学点火方式可以适应高空下的低压状况；在温度达到700K之后，H2-O2链式反应才会启动；光化学点火延迟时间随初始爆炸波后温度和压力的降低而增长。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

小油枪煤粉燃烧器在电站锅炉中的应用

本介绍了小油枪煤粉燃烧器的结构，及其在电站锅炉中的应用，是一种高效的节油装置。