三轴矢量原子磁力仪综述

原子磁力仪可分为标量磁力仪和矢量磁力仪两大类。标量磁力仪的测量结果与传感器的姿态无关,对平台的机动不敏感。矢量磁力仪能够获得更多的磁场信息,可以实现更精确的磁源定位。目前,共有7种三轴矢量原子磁力仪,测量方法分别为磁场扫描法、磁场旋转调制法、磁场轮流抵消法、磁场投影法、磁场交叉调制法、磁场分立调制法和自旋进动调制法。重点对上述7种三轴矢量原子磁力仪的测量方法进行了整理和分析。     

磁场空间分布测量技术的发展

随着科技进步和精密测量技术的发展,传感技术正在从光学仪表时代向量子仪表时代过渡,磁场空间分布测量对于研制高性能量子仪表具有重要意义。同时,惯性器件微小型化的研发对于小范围磁场空间分布测量技术的发展提出了要求。介绍了磁场空间分布测量技术的工作原理、性能特点和发展现状,重点阐述了几种用于小尺度磁场空间分布测量的技术途径,分析了磁场空间分布测量技术的发展趋势。     

一种用于CPT磁力仪的VCSEL 激光管参数自动调节方法

为了解决手动调节VCSEL激光管运行参数困难的问题,提出了一种用于CPT磁力仪的VCSEL激光管参数自动调节方法.首先,在稳定原子气室温度的基础上,通过步进增加激光管的驱动电流并探测光强,确定扫描电流的范围;其次,在初始工作温度基础上增加激光管温度步进,重复扫描三角波驱动电流,并全范围搜寻吸收峰;当首次读取到吸收峰后,利用调节电流精确锁定在当前工作温度条件下吸收峰对应的电流值,同时微调温度,调整吸收峰到最佳位置;最后,记录当前的激光管工作参数,完成整个VCSEL激光管参数自动调节过程.采用上述方法能够快速实现VCSEL激光管的测试及工作参数的设置,提高了工作效率和整机性能.     

Science objectives of the magnetic field experiment onboard Aditya-L1 spacecraft

The Aditya-L1 is first Indian solar mission scheduled to be placed in a halo orbit around the first Lagrangian point (L1) of Sun-Earth system in the year 2018–19. The approved scientific payloads onboard Aditya-L1 spacecraft includes a Fluxgate Digital Magnetometer (FGM) to measure the local magnetic field which is necessary to supplement the outcome of other scientific experiments onboard. The in-situ vector magnetic field data at L1 is essential for better understanding of the data provided by the particle and plasma analysis experiments, onboard Aditya-L1 mission. Also, the dynamics of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) can be better understood with the help of in-situ magnetic field data at the L1 point region. This data will also serve as crucial input for the short lead-time space weather forecasting models.The proposed FGM is a dual range magnetic sensor on a 6?m long boom mounted on the Sun viewing panel deck and configured to deploy along the negative roll direction of the spacecraft. Two sets of sensors (tri-axial each) are proposed to be mounted, one at the tip of boom (6?m from the spacecraft) and other, midway (3?m from the spacecraft). The main science objective of this experiment is to measure the magnitude and nature of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) locally and to study the disturbed magnetic conditions and extreme solar events by detecting the CME from Sun as a transient event. The proposed secondary science objectives are to study the impact of interplanetary structures and shock solar wind interaction on geo-space environment and to detect low frequency plasma waves emanating from the solar corona at L1 point. This will provide a better understanding on how the Sun affects interplanetary space.In this paper, we shall give the main scientific objectives of the magnetic field experiment and brief technical details of the FGM onboard Aditya-1 spacecraft.     

一种机载角同步转换接口的设计与实现

角度解算在飞行器姿态定位中有着关键的作用。传统老式角度解调精度不高，引入数字计算机技术以及芯片技术后，角度解调技术大大改善。通过介绍角度解调原理和专用的角度解算芯片，设计了一种角同步适配器，实验数据表明，适配器能够良好地适配轴角传感器，提高了角度解调精度，具有很好的稳定性。     

The Cassini Magnetic Field Investigation

The dual technique magnetometer system onboard the Cassini orbiter is described. This instrument consists of vector helium and fluxgate magnetometers with the capability to operate the helium device in a scalar mode. This special mode is used near the planet in order to determine with very high accuracy the interior field of the planet. The orbital mission will lead to a detailed understanding of the Saturn/Titan system including measurements of the planetary magnetosphere, and the interactions of Saturn with the solar wind, of Titan with its environments, and of the icy satellites within the magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

恒定弱磁标准装置设计原理

恒定弱磁标准装置是用来复现高稳定度的恒定弱磁场,并对所复现的弱磁场进行精确测量的装置。恒定弱磁标准装置是由线圈系统、光泵地磁补偿系统、恒流源系统、磁场测量系统等组成。装置采用先进的Cs光泵磁强计补偿技术,在线圈系统的工作区中产生高稳定度的恒定弱磁场,磁场波动均方差小于0.1 nT。通过高稳定度恒流源和线圈系统可以复现1~1.105nT的磁场。通过He-Cs光泵磁共振仪、频率计数器及计算机构成的磁场测量系统可以对所复现的弱磁感应强度量值进行精确的测量,标准测量不确定度为0.07~0.1 nT。     

一型国产无人机直升机铯光泵航磁系统补偿方法研究和试验

随着无人机平台的逐渐成熟,近年来无人机广泛应用于航空物探领域。文章设计了一型无人机航磁系统,采用国产铯光泵磁力仪,载机平台为100 kg级汽油动力无人直升机,基于直升机的操作特性研究了不同于固定翼飞机的定点悬停补偿方法。依据《航空磁测技术规范》进行了地面静态噪声测试、磁补偿飞行、动态噪声测试及切割线飞行。结果表明,采用定点悬停的磁补偿方法,系统的磁补偿精度、动态噪声水平及航磁总精度同样能够达到《航空磁测技术规范》要求的一类设备水平,且更易于操作,从而该航磁系统也可应用于大比例尺低飞航磁项目中。     

反馈磁场均匀性对磁通门磁强计的影响分析

针对磁通门传感器的特点, 研究了反馈线圈对磁通门传感器探测数据的影响, 并对比了几种典型结构的传感器. 磁通门传感器要求激励线圈工作在均匀磁场环境下, 非均匀场会引入误差信号. 根据磁通门原理进行了理论推导, 非均匀性会导致反馈原理工作的磁通门传感器线性系数发生变化. 针对应用于空间磁场探测的几种磁通门传感器常见结构, 即分立结构型、亥姆霍兹型和紧凑球面型等, 分析了传感器内部磁场的均匀性及对磁场探测的影响. 经仿真计算分析发现, 紧凑球型传感器的内部均匀性和稳定性优于分立结构传感器, 更有利于空间磁场探测.      

一种Mx构型氦光泵磁力仪的磁共振理论分析与实验验证

从亚稳态氦原子的Liouville方程和Bloch方程出发,研究了基于Mx构型的亚稳态氦原子的光磁双共振过程,建立了光探测磁共振线型的理论模型,并通过实验对幅值信号与相位信号的磁共振线型仿真结果进行验证,实测曲线与理论预测匹配较好。对共振线宽进行了估算,讨论了影响磁力仪工作灵敏度的磁力仪设计参数,这对Mx构型氦光泵磁力仪的研制有重要的指导意义。