引入平均最好位置的量子粒子群算法及在航空发动机非线性模型求解中的应用

为改善粒子群算法的全局搜索能力和计算精度,在标准粒子群算法和量子理论的基础上,将平均最好位置引入粒子的状态更新过程,提出了1种基于量子行为改进的粒子群算法及不同的收缩-扩张因子取值策略.采用该量子粒子群算法对建立的典型双轴涡扇发动机部件级非线性模型进行了求解,结果表明:分段线性递减收缩-扩张因子适用于复杂的航空发动机隐式模型,其收敛效率和精度都较高,具有一定的工程应用价值.     

一种考虑复杂载荷和晶体取向相关性的镍基定向凝固合金疲劳寿命模型

针对镍基定向凝固高温合金疲劳寿命的晶体取向相关性,及定向凝固合金涡轮叶片使用过程中的复杂载荷问题,基于循环损伤累积(CDA)方法,引入方向函数修正,并综合考虑应力应变水平、应变比、保载时间及保载形式,建立了ω修正的CDA寿命预测方法。采用定向凝固高温合金DZ125的试验结果进行验证,预测结果与试验数据相比基本落在3倍分散带以内,显示出本文方法较好的适应性。     

微球型炭泡沫复合材料力学性能的研究

为表征微球含量对碳泡沫复合材料的影响,以自制热固性酚醛树脂与不同体积分数的酚醛空心微球配比混合,采用模压成型法,制备酚醛泡沫材料;再将其在Ar气保护下高温碳化处理,得到微球型碳泡沫复合材料;研究碳泡沫复合材料的微观结构及空心微球的体积分数对碳泡沫的压缩性能、断裂韧性的影响。结果表明：随着空心微球含量的增加,复合材料的压缩断裂特征由梯度式脆性断裂模式向假塑性断裂模式转变,其断裂韧性也得到了明显改善;空心微球含量为80v01．％的碳泡沫韧性最佳;适当提高空心微球含量,可改善碳泡沫的比压缩强度,空心微球含量为70v01．％的碳泡沫的比压缩强度可达43．32MPa·cm3·g-1。     

Springback prediction of thick-walled high-strength titanium tube bending

Significant springback occurs after tube rotary-draw-bending （RDB）, especially for a high-strength Ti-3A1-2.5V tube （HSTT） due to its high ratio of yield strength to Young＇s modulus. The combination scheme of explicit and implicit is preferred to predict the springback. This simulation strategy includes several numerical parameters, such as element type, number of elements through thickness （NEL）, element size, etc. However, the influences of these parameters on spring- back prediction accuracy are not fully understood. Thus, taking the geometrical specification 9.525 mm × 0.508 mm ofa HSTT as the objective, the effects of numerical parameters on prediction accuracy and computation efficiency of springback simulation of HSTT RDB are investigated. The simulated springback results are compared with experimental ones. The main results are： （1） solid and continuum-shell elements predict the experimental results well; （2） for C3DSR elements, NEL of at least 3 is required to obtain reliable results and a relative error of 29% can occur as NEL is varied in the range of 1-3; （3） specifying damping factor typically works well in Abaqus/Emplicit simulation of springback and the springback results are sensitive to the magnitude of damping factor. In addition, the explanations of the effect rules are given and a guideline is added.     

壁面带微结构管道内Cassie状态稳定性的实验研究

保持液体在微结构表面处于Cassie状态,是流动减阻的关键。首先利用MicroPTV分别测量了带微结构侧壁处于Cassie和Wenzel状态下的流场速度,表明Cassie状态下近壁速度提高至光滑表面的1.6倍,而Wenzel状态下近壁速度将减小。通过精细控制微管道的驱动压强,观察了液体在近壁由Cassie向Wenzel状态的转变,并测出C/W转变的临界压强值Δpcr约10.9kPa,与Laplace理论预测值10.15kPa基本相符。考虑到Cassie状态失稳也会发生在液体进样过程中,实验还观察了微结构角点对液体进样的＂锚定＂作用,并初步分析了液体进样中自由液面在微结构表面保持Cassie状态的条件。     

基于壁面滑移修正的凝胶推进剂流变本构方程

为了调研壁面滑移现象对凝胶推进剂管道流动的影响,对凝胶推进剂及3种模拟液在直圆管中的流动进行了研究。对直圆管流动实验采集的流动数据进行壁面滑移修正,得到了壁面滑移速度公式。构建了考虑壁面滑移修正的幂律本构方程,计算出考虑滑移速度的沿程阻力系数和广义雷诺数及二者的关系。采用PIV实验并结合数值仿真,得到管道输送过程中的真实内流场速度分布以及壁面有滑移和无滑移的速度剖面图。研究表明:经过壁面滑移修正可见推进剂及模拟液幂律本构方程是唯一的;通过沿程阻力系数的计算和管道内流场PIV实验两方面验证了所用修正方法和所建流变本构方程的正确性和适用性。      

纯铝与镀锌钢板MIG熔-钎焊工艺研究

采用Al-Mg,Al-Si两种填充焊丝,研究了纯铝与镀锌钢板异种金属材料的MIG熔-钎焊工艺,分析了焊接接头的界面结构特征及其力学性能。研究结果表明:在合适的焊接参数下,选用两种填充焊丝可以实现纯铝板(1060)与镀锌钢板的MIG熔-钎焊。与添加Al-Mg焊丝相比,填充Al-Si焊丝,界面反应层由θ-Al3Fe,η-Al5Fe2和AlFeSi相组成,且反应层较薄,焊缝中加入Si元素有效地抑制了金属间化合物层的生长,此时所获得的拉剪强度较大,接近纯铝板(1060)的抗拉强度,接头断裂发生在焊缝位置。     

轻型无人机复合材料机翼设计分析与验证

基于轻型无人机复合材料的机翼,在选定机翼构件布局、材料和构型,建立机翼结构有限元模型的基础上,计算分析了机翼的静强度、应力分布,并对其进行试验验证。该方法对中小型复合材料无人机结构设计和静强度试验具有一定的参考价值。     

Standing wave drift of hemispherical resonator with quality factor non-uniformity under a ring electrode excitation

Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope(HRG) is a classical high precision Coriolis Vibration Gyroscope(CVG), which performs attitude estimation of carrier by detecting the precession of standing wave of resonator, thus, the drift of standing wave of resonator has a great influence on the output accuracy of gyroscope, where the quality factor nonuniformity of resonator is one of main error sources. Ring electrode is a classical excitation structure of HRG because the standing wave can precess freely u...     

Propagation of cylindrical and spherical dust–ion acoustic solitary waves in a relativistic dusty plasma

The properties of cylindrical and spherical dust–ion acoustic solitary waves (DIASW) in an unmagnetized dusty plasma comprising of relativistic ions, Boltzmann electrons, and stationary dusty particles are investigated. Under a suitable coordinate transformation, the cylindrical KdV equation can be solved analytically. The change of the DIASW structure due to the effect of geometry, relativistic streaming factor, ion density and electron temperature is studied by numerical calculation of the cylindrical/spherical Kdv equation. It is noted that with ion pressure the effect of relativistic streaming factor to solitary waves structure is different. Without ion pressure, as the relativistic streaming factor decreases, the amplitude of the solitary wave decreases. However, when the ion pressure is taken into account, the amplitude decreases as the relativistic streaming factor increases and is highly sensitive to relativistic streaming factor. Our results may have relevance in the understanding of astrophysical plasmas.