Optimization of structural parameters for elliptical cross-section spiral equal-channel extrusion dies based on grey theory

The elliptical cross-section spiral equal-channel extrusion (ECSEE) process is simulated by using Deform-3D finite element software. The ratio m of major-axis to minor-axis length for ellipse-cross-section, the torsion angle u, the round-ellipse cross-section transitional channel L1, the elliptical rotation cross-section transitional channel L2 and the ellipse-round cross-section transitional channel L3 are destined for the extrusion process parameters. The average effective strain eave on cross-section of blank, the deformation uniformity coefficient a and the value of maximum damage dmax are chosen to be the optimize indexes, and the virtual orthogonal experiment of L16 (45) is designed. The correlation degree of the process factors affecting eave, a and dmax is analyzed by the numerical simulation results using the weights and grey association model. The process parameters are optimized by introducing the grey situation decision theory and the ECSEE optimal combination of process parameters is obtained: u of 120 , m of 1.55, L1 of 7 mm, L2 of 10 mm, and L3 of 10 mm. Simulation and experimental results show that the material can be refined with the optimized structural parameters of die. Therefore, the optimization results are satisfactory.     

Electromagnetic riveting technique and its applications

With the increasing applications of novel materials and structures in new-generation aircraft, conventional joining techniques in aircraft component assembly are greatly challenged. To meet those challenges, the electromagnetic riveting (EMR) technique was developed as an advanced joining tool, which exhibits obvious advantages in the assembly of new-generation aircraft. In this paper, the riveting principle of EMR was analyzed, and its development history and status were presented in detail. Then, equipment features of three typical EMR systems were given. Moreover, three important applications of EMR were covered, i.e., composite structure riveting, titanium rivet and large-size aluminum rivet riveting, and interference fit bolt installation. Specially, a novel strengthening method for mechanical linking holes based on EMR was also presented, which can significantly improve the fatigue behaviors of mechanical joints. Finally, open questions in the EMR field were discussed, and some recommendations for future work were also made. This paper can be useful for optimizing the joint designs of aircraft components and improving the level of aircraft maintenance.     

某重型燃气轮机涡轮部件结构设计分析

简要分析了某重型燃气轮机的气冷叶片、叶尖间隙、整体蜂窝外环和后支承环组件等涡轮部件结构设计的一些独特设计思路和方法。     

喷丸强化对TC11合金模拟叶片高周疲劳寿命影响的试验

针对三种叶片:钢丸强化、二次强化和未强化的钛合金叶片进行了振动特性测量和高周疲劳对比试验.通过试验结果,结合断口分析,对三种叶片的固有频率、振型阻尼比、高周疲劳极限及裂纹起源等方面进行了对比研究.研究表明:喷丸后叶片1阶振型阻尼比增大40%～50%,高周疲劳极限提高40%以上,叶片的高周疲劳寿命也相应地提高.从强化机理方面分析了高周疲劳极限得到提高的原因.该积累的试验数据及研究成果可为TC11喷丸叶片的高周疲劳工程设计提供参考.      

柔性电极电火花强化钛合金表面性能

采用旋转的柔性铜电极与钛合金表面在高频脉冲电源的作用下进行电火花表面强化,使空气中的氧等元素在放电形成的高温高压条件下与钛合金表面发生反应。结果表明:该试验条件下可以使钛合金表面硬度相对基体提高237%～399%;强化层厚度达到21～157μm;通过能谱分析(Energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)及X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)分析表明,在钛合金表面生成了钛的氧化物等强化物质和钛与铜、锌等的合金;强化表面不存在明显的传统放电蚀除凹坑,但有明显机械刮磨涂覆痕迹,同时单脉冲放电能量被分散,使得表面粗糙度值的提高量较小且可控;在氢氟酸和硝酸混合溶液中,强化层具有较高的抗腐蚀能力,经过点面磨损测试表明,强化层表面耐磨性能相对于基体表面有显著提高。经强化,能够获得具有良好耐磨性、抗腐蚀性、表面良好的钛合金。     

矩形截面型材拉弯成形

针对铝合金矩形中空截面挤压型材进行了不同预拉和补拉的拉弯成形试验研究,获取了预拉和补拉对成形精度的影响规律.截面畸变是影响成形精度最主要的因素,由弯曲过程中的径向压力引起.试验表明,型材靠模弯曲即发生截面畸变,主要表现为上腹板的塌陷,沿型材长度方向截面畸变量不同,最大畸变量并不位于型材中间对称截面处;增大预拉和补拉,截面畸变增大.弯曲卸载回弹是影响零件贴模度的主要因素,其大小受多种因素影响,规律复杂.增大预拉和补拉,回弹减小;当预拉和补拉增大到一定值时,增大拉伸量减小回弹的效果不再明显.     

TiB2颗粒诱导AlSi5电弧增材微观组织演变及性能研究

铝合金的电弧增材制造过程中因持续热积累而引起组织分布不均匀和溶质偏析,导致其性能各向异性。针对这一问题,设计了TiB₂纳米颗粒添加铝合金的钨极氩弧(Tungsten inert gas,TIG)增材制造工艺。在电弧增材制造过程中,通过表面预涂层的方式将纳米TiB₂颗粒添加到试样中,对比研究了纳米TiB₂颗粒不同质量分数对AlSi5合金微观组织的影响。结果表明,随着TiB₂质量分数的增加,AlSi5合金的微观组织不均匀性得到明显改善,1.5%TiB₂的添加使AlSi5合金的晶粒尺寸从226μm减小到85.6μm,且引起(110)和(112)基面上的织构明显减弱,最大取向密度呈下降的趋势;与无颗粒添加的AlSi5增材试样相比,颗粒添加后的沉积层硬度与弹性模量均得到显著提高,硬度值从879MPa增加到1253MPa,弹性模量从81.9GPa增加到88.3GPa。     

加强螺纹和普通螺纹连接配合问题探讨

概述了螺纹在航空发动机中的应用现状,分析了异型螺纹的几种连接配合情况。     

新型高性能钛合金研究与应用

随着钛合金在我国航空、航天、兵器、海洋和化工等领域用量和应用范围的不断扩大,对钛合金高综合力学性能、低成本和加工工艺性能提出了更加苛刻的要求.通过基于组织参数设计的合金化、细晶强化、相变强化和强韧化工艺控制等综合强韧化技术,研制出具有高强韧、抗疲劳、耐损伤、抗冲击等综合性能良好匹配的新型高性能钛合金,是扩大钛合金在高端领域的用量与应用水平,实现产业升级转型,满足下一代应用需求的重要保障.