陶瓷基复合材料超声辅助加工技术

陶瓷基复合材料具有优良的力学性能以及突出的耐高温、轻质等特性,在航空航天等领域具有广阔的应用前景.但由于高硬脆性特点,陶瓷基复合材料加工难度较大.诸多研究表明,超声辅助加工技术是一种相对合适的加工方法,与普通机械加工相比可有效降低切削力、改善加工质量等.对发展较为成熟的Cf/SiC、SiCf/SiC两种陶瓷基复合材料的超声辅助钻削/磨削加工技术研究进展进行了介绍,分析了其中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策.     

测试三轴转台误差分析及建模

以用于测斜仪的三轴转台为研究背景,通过分析其运动规律,探讨了三轴转台不正交度误差源对三轴转台精度的影响,并用MATLAB对它进行了误差建模,仿真计算得出了系统装配不正交时三个坐标的误差率;最后,引入实际测试过程中角度传感器的测量误差,在三轴不正交的前提下又对三坐标测量误差进行了数学建模,通过仿真分析,研究探讨了角度传感器带来的误差规律,在实际应用中为测斜仪标定测试和误差补偿提供了理论依据.     

先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室的航空树脂基复合材料研发进展

归纳先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室在航空先进树脂基复合材料方面的应用和研究进展.研制出超薄热塑性无纺织物层间增韧技术以实现提高复合材料的CAI性能.设计出的多夹层结构具有多层吸收拓展频带的作用,使多夹层隐身复合材料的吸收频宽达1 ～ 18GHz.高韧性树脂基复合材料和耐高温复合材料技术得到发展,并形成预浸料-热压灌成型、液态成型和自动化制造技术体系.发展复合材料固化、树脂流动、固化变形等模拟优化技术,并建立复合材料数据库技术.建立先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室可在支撑航空装备研制,在航空复合材料创新引领、体系主导、基础支撑和保障应用方面发挥作用.     

基于LMI的高超声速飞行器滑模预测控制

针对高超声速飞行器非线性、多约束、快时变等特点,提出了一种基于线性矩阵不等式的滑模预测控制方法.首先设计系统的滑模面,然后对滑模面进行预测并将其作为优化性能指标,通过Schur补引理将控制律的设计转化为一个优化问题.该方法避免了常规滑模控制的高频切换,有效地克服了抖振现象.此外,相对于传统的滑模预测控制方法,该方法不需要额外计算终端约束条件和终端代价函数,只需要通过选取合适的李雅普诺夫函数即可保证系统的稳定性,且其加权矩阵和控制律是同时进行优化设计的,简化了设计过程.仿真试验表明,相比于单纯的预测控制和滑模控制,所提出的方法具有更好的跟踪性能.     

Effect of interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinfroced ceramic-matrix composites

An analytical methodology was developed to investigate the effect of fiber/matrix interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinforced CMCs(ceramic-matrix composites). The Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans shear-lag model was adopted to analyse the micro-stress field of the damaged composites. The critical matrix strain energy criterion, which presupposes the existence of an ultimate or critical matrix strain energy with matrix, was obtained to simulate the matrix multicracking evolution of CMCs. With the increase of the applied stress, the matrix multicracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding occurred to dissipate the additional energy entered into the composites. The fiber/matrix interface debonded length under matrix multicracking evolution was obtained by treating the interface debonding as a particular crack propagation problem. The conditions for no-debonding and debonding during the evolution of matrix multicracking were discussed in terms of two interfacial properties, i.e., the interface shear stress and interface debonded toughness. When the fiber/matrix interface was bonded, the matrix multicracking evolution was much more intense compared with the interface debonding; when the fiber/matrix interface was debonded, the matrix crack density increased with the increasing of interface shear stress and interface debonded energy. The theoretical results were compared with experimental data of unidirectional SiC/CAS(calcium alumina silicate), SiC/CAS-Ⅱ and SiC/borosilicate composites.      

基于自然激励技术的颤振边界预测

为了预测紊流激励条件下机翼的颤振边界,基于自然激励技术提取紊流响应的自由衰减信号,采用矩阵束方法识别模态参数,最后通过Z-W(Zimmerman-Weissenburger)方法计算稳定性判据,拟合判据变化曲线并外推颤振边界.对平板机翼模型进行了数值仿真分析,对单独机翼模型风洞颤振试验数据进行了计算.结果表明:采用自然激励技术与矩阵束方法能够较准确地识别紊流激励响应的模态参数,频率识别误差小于6％,阻尼比识别误差小于30％,结合Z-W方法能够在较低风速较早地预测颤振边界,有助于提高试验的安全性.     

硅橡胶基防热涂层高温压缩行为

为研究硅橡胶基防热涂层高温下的力学性能,针对两种硅橡胶基防热涂层开展高温压缩试验,对其截面的宏观及微观形貌进行分析,并结合高温下的热失重分析,探讨了其高温压缩强度变化规律及机理。研究结果表明:甲基苯基硅橡胶涂层高温热解温度区间主要为500～650℃,最终质量残余率为67.61%,其高温压缩强度在25～800℃呈增加趋势,由于玻璃小球的软化及树脂基体的热解,导致在400及700℃两个温度点的压缩强度降低,但在800℃由于玻璃小球与涂层中填料、烧蚀产物等发生共融,使涂层力学性能显著增加。甲基乙烯基硅橡胶涂层的高温热解温度区间主要为450～800℃,最终质量残余率为89.95%,由于甲基乙烯基硅橡胶涂层在高温热解后产生的陶瓷相,弥补了树脂裂解所带来的强度下降,因此在25～800℃其高温压缩强度较为稳定,并未产生明显衰减。影响硅橡胶基防热涂层高温力学性能的因素主要包括树脂基体的热解以及填料在高温下发生的物理-化学变化。     

熔融渗硅工艺制备的SiCf/SiC复合材料微观结构与性能

SiC纤维增强SiC陶瓷基复合材料（SiC_f/SiC复合材料）在航空发动机热端部件方面具有重要应用。本文以第二代碳化硅纤维为增强材料,采用熔融渗硅工艺制备出SiC_f/SiC复合材料,测试复合材料的基本物理性能及常规力学性能,并利用Micro-CT、SEM对试样的微观结构和断面进行了表征分析。结果显示：SiC_f/SiC复合材料的体积密度为2.78 g/cm³,开气孔率小于2.0%,基体较为致密,1 200 ℃时热导率（厚度方向）为14.30 W/（m?K）,室温~1 200 ℃厚度方向和面内方向的线胀率分别为0.59%、0.56%,平均热胀系数分别为5.02×10^-6、4.73×10^-6/K;室温面内拉伸强度典型值为317 MPa,SEM显示试样断面具有明显的纤维拔出效应,弯曲强度和层间拉伸强度典型值分别达794和49 MPa。     

Decision-making of Aircraft Optimum Configuration Utilizing Multidimensional Game Theory

As multi-discipline coupling and components interference often affect the aircraft configuration decision-making and analysis during conceptual design process, this article presents an approach of multidimensional game theory based on aircraft components to deal with this problem. The idea is that the configuration decision-making process is regarded as the game for different disciplines and technologies, and the aircraft components are players. The payoff function with highest total gain means that according to the game protocols and multidimensional theory, the optimal aircraft configuration within the strategy set will be chosen. The decision-making model is applied to conceptual design process of the high altitude long endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on the assessment of technological risk. The obtained optimum configuration is quite consistent with the current HALE UAV development trends. Thus, taking into account the coupling and interference factors, the multidimensional gaming model based on aircraft components will be an effective analysis method in the decision-making process of aircraft optimum configuration.     

FAST FEATURE RANKING AND ITS APPLICATION TO FACE RECOGNITION

A fast feature ranking algorithm for classification in the presence of high dimensionahty and small sample size is proposed. The basic idea is that the important features force the data points of the same class to maintain their intrinsic neighbor relations, whereas neighboring points of different classes are no longer to stick to one an- other. Applying this assumption, an optimization problem weighting each feature is derived. The algorithm does not involve the dense matrix eigen-decomposition which can be computationally expensive in time. Extensive exper- iments are conducted to validate the significance of selected features using the Yale, Extended YaleB and PIE data- sets. The thorough evaluation shows that, using one-nearest neighbor classifier, the recognition rates using 100-- 500 leading features selected by the algorithm distinctively outperform those with features selected by the baseline feature selection algorithms, while using support vector machine features selected by the algorithm show less prominent improvement. Moreover, the experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is particularly effi- cient for multi-class face recognition problem.