过虚拟交班点的能量最优制导律

针对固定目标的导弹过虚拟交班点制导问题，在希尔伯特空间下，基于最优化理论设计了有无终端落角约束两种情况下的全局能量最优制导律。通过对模型进行线性化，将提出的最优制导模型转化为线性二次型最优控制问题，在此基础上利用零控脱靶量（ZEM）概念对系统模型进行降阶，并推导出解析解。设计的制导律可以使导弹准确经过虚拟交班点，并实现期望终端落角。仿真结果表明，与经典制导律对比，该制导律可以显著减少全局控制能量消耗。     

How do interplanetary shock impact angles control the size of the geoeffective magnetosphere?

In this paper, we investigate temporal and spatial magnetosphere response to the impact of interplanetary (IP) shocks with different inclinations and speeds on the Earth’s magnetosphere. A data set with more than 500 IP shocks is used to identify positive sudden impulse (SI⁺) events as expressed by the SuperMAG partial ring current index. The SI⁺ rise time (RT), defined as the time interval between compression onset and maximum SI⁺ signature, is obtained for each event. We use RT and a model suggested by Takeuchi et al. (2002) to calculate the geoeffective magnetospheric distance (GMD) in the shock propagation direction as a function of shock impact angle and speed for each event. GMD is a generalization of the geoeffective magnetosphere length (GML) suggested by Takeuchi et al. (2002), defined from the subsolar point along the X line toward the tail. We estimate statistical GMD and GML values which are then reported for the first time. We also show that, similarly to well-known results for RT, the highest correlation coefficient for the GMD and impact angle is found for shocks with high speeds and small impact angles, and the faster and more frontal the shock, the smaller the GMD. This result indicates that the magnetospheric response depends heavily on shock impact angle. With these results, we argue that the prediction and forecasting of space weather events, such as those caused by coronal mass ejections, will not be accurately accomplished if the disturbances’ angles of impact are not considered as an important parameter within model and observation scheme capabilities.     

Statistical characteristics of low latitude Pc4s: Influence of solar wind and IMF parameters

Pc4 signatures for the year 2013, extracted from geomagnetic north–south and east–west components of induction coil magnetometer (LEMI 30) from low latitude station Desalpar (DSP), operated by Institute of Seismological Research (ISR), India have been investigated vis-à-vis the prevalent interplanetary parameters (IMF) as well as the geomagnetic activity indices. A clear dominance of Pc4-5 (467 events) over Pc3 (17 events) is observed. Local time variation of Pc4 shows a peak in the noon sector in both X and Y components. Our investigations show that the dominant peak frequency is 10 mHz at low latitude region. Correlations with solar wind and IMF parameters illustrate highest occurrence of Pc4 for a solar wind speed of 300–400 km/s and average IMF B field of 3–6 nT. The amplitude of Pc4s at DSP shows an increase with increasing solar wind speed, plasma density, solar wind dynamic pressure and average B field which is also reflected in the trend of frequency variation of these pulsations. We report that IMF clock angle at low latitude does not have influence on Pc4 occurrence. Based on the characteristics of these events, detected in latitudinally distributed stations from low and mid-latitudes from northern and southern hemisphere, we infer that modes were compressional, which could be driven by K-H instability or solar wind dynamic pressure, as compressional modes can propagate to low latitude with little attenuation.     

重型燃气轮机高雷诺数CDA叶型转捩特性数值计算

为研究重型燃气轮机的压气机叶片在高雷诺数工况下的气动性能,基于Gamma-Theta转捩模型的雷诺时均方程对某可 控扩散叶型进行了数值计算。通过对比不控制马赫数与控制马赫数,分析高雷诺数对可控扩散叶型气动性能及转捩特性的影响。 结果表明：在不控制马赫数条件下,在零攻角时,雷诺数从7×10 5 增大为9×10 5 ,总压损失增加了约391.95%;在高雷诺数工况下随 着雷诺数的增大,叶片流动损失不断增大,叶片可用攻角范围减小,同时在叶片吸力面出现激波,干扰转捩的产生。在控制马赫数 条件下,当Ma=0.6时,在零攻角工况下,雷诺数从8.2×10 5 增大为1×10 7 ,总压损失减小了约38.98%,吸力面转捩起始点从4.78%弦 长处前移至1.11%弦长处;在高雷诺数工况下,叶片流动损失随着雷诺数的增大不断减小,吸力面转捩位置前移。     

神经网络模型在压气机通流特性分析中的应用

为了解决通流特性分析程序中原始模型对压气机性能预测精度不足的问题,提高压气机通流特性分析过程的可靠性,基于对大量多圆弧叶栅的数值模拟结果建立了压气机叶栅性能数据库,并以该数据库为依托,采用神经网络建模方法建立了压气机叶栅基准损失系数和基准落后角模型。结果显示:两模型对叶栅基准损失系数和基准落后角的预测精度均满足工程应用要求,其精度分别为±0.002和±1°。在对采用神经网络模型的通流特性分析程序校验过程中发现,其无论对压气机整机性能还是对流动细节的预测精度上都获得了显著提高,尤其是在主流区。此外从压气机整体特性上看,基准损失系数和基准落后角精度的提高对非设计工况损失系数和落后角的预测精度影响是积极的。      

经纬仪检定装置校准方法的研究

本文在分析经纬仪检定装置产生使用现状的基础上,提出了校准项目及校准方法,适用于多目标装置和多齿台装置的校准。     

迎角过载边界限制器的设计方法

介绍了迎角过载边界限制器的意义、设计要求和一些有代表性的国内外飞机的边界限制器设计方法。边界限制经历了硬限制、软限制、反馈限制和比较逻辑反馈限制几个阶段。分析了这些设计方法的优缺点,并对比较逻辑反馈限制器的设计方法进了理论推导,提出了这类边界限制器重要参数的确定方法。     

机身大迎角气动力的控制实验

本文研究了圆锥机身模型在迎角０°～９０°范围内的气动力特性。采用边条控制技术,可获得所需要的控制力与控制力矩。通过边条的对称或单侧布局和匹配边条不同的大小与安装位置,可以找到非对称力的最优控制方案。对对称布局,可以使对称现象得到控制,虽然侧力还微小产生,但侧力起始迎角却明显增大,且变化峰值可降低到原来的２５％;对单边条控制,可以获得理想平稳的控制力与控制力矩。     

电子移相方法的讨论

对精密测试中常用的几种移相方法进行了讨论,主要浅析小角度电路移相方法。     

基于速度预测的导引律剩余时间估计

将分段线性逼近与迭代求解的思想扩展到对导弹的时变速度进行分段预测,给出了适用于反舰导弹速度时变情况的大前置角下比例导引律和偏置比例导引律的剩余时间估计算法。该算法在现有分段迭代算法的基础上,依据闭环形式的反舰导弹速度微分方程,分转弯平飞段和近似直线飞行段2种情况,对导弹未来速度的大小进行分段迭代预测并对剩余时间估计进行修正。算法中还给出了偏置比例导引律作用下近似直线飞行段剩余飞行航程的估计公式。仿真结果验证了本文算法的有效性。