基于CFD分析的飞机滑油散热引射器性能计算和改进

为分析某型飞机在热天地面慢车状态下滑油散热引射器（以下简称引射器）开启后滑油温降变化较小的问题，对滑油散热系统冷边风道流动过程进行分析并给出合理的引射器性能计算方法，基于N-S方程和k-epsilon湍流模型，计算得到严酷工况下引射器开启前后的滑油温降值。机上地面试验的结果表明，本文的计算方法切实可行、数值模拟计算结果和试验结果一致，满足一般工程计算的要求，为引射器性能分析和改进设计提供了理论依据。最后，本文基于数值模拟计算结果提出了工程可行的引射器性能提升改进思路。     

Aspects related to variability of radiative cooling by NO in lower thermosphere,TEC and O/N2 correlation,and diffusion of NO into mesosphere during the Halloween storms

Nitric Oxide is a very important trace species which plays a significant role acting as a natural thermostat in Earth’s thermosphere during strong geomagnetic activity. In this paper, we present various aspects related to the variation in the NO Infrared radiative flux (IRF) exiting the thermosphere by utilizing the TIMED/SABER (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics/ Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) observational data during the Halloween storm which occurred in late October 2003. The Halloween storm comprised of three intense-geomagnetic storms. The variability of NO infrared flux during these storm events and its connection to the strength of the geomagnetic storms were found to be different in contrast to similar super storms. The connection between the quantum of energy outflux from the upper atmosphere into space in terms of NO IRF and the duration of storms is established. The NO radiative cooling, and the closely correlated depletion in O/N₂ ratio are controlled by the Joule heating intensity (proxied by AE-index). The collisional excitation rate of NO, calculated using the modelled datasets of WACCM-X (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere extension), correlates well with the observed pattern of radiative emission by NO. Observational datasets from TIMED/GUVI (Global Ultra-Violet Imager) and MIT Haystack observatory madrigal GNSS (Global navigation satellite system) total electron content (TEC) database shows that the TEC and O/N₂ enhancement in low-mid northern hemispheric latitudes are mainly controlled by the z-component of Interplanetary magnetic field (IMF-B_z). The penetration of eastward electric field during the storm events is found to be responsible for the overall enhancement of TEC. The contribution of enhanced day-side TEC in observed variation of O/N₂ ratio by GUVI is also reported. It is also seen that during substorms related events the night-time polar region experiences more cooling due to NO than the daytime polar region. The connections between the mid- and low-latitude enhancement in NO IRF with the propagation of LSTIDs (Large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances) in combination with the O/N₂ variability, and the altitudinal variation in NO flux with the progression of the storm is also investigated. This study presents the evidence on the role of diffusion processes in the large scale enhancement of NO in the mesospheric altitudes.     

TiAl合金中的氧扩散及恒温氧化研究现状

TiAl合金由于高比强度和优异的高温力学性能,是一种极具应用潜力的轻质高温结构材料,但存在脆性大、室温塑性差以及800℃以上抗氧化能力不足是其工程应用的最大障碍。本文对TiAl合金的恒温氧化行为、氧扩散以及氧化后力学性能变化规律进行了总结。基于服役环境条件下合金中的氧扩散规律及受控机制,对改善合金高温抗氧化性能的表面处理和合金化研究现状进行了归纳。分析了TiAl合金高温抗氧化行为研究及其控制技术在今后一段时期的发展趋势。     

燃料电池接触电阻与温度相关性研究

研究双极板与气体扩散层接触电阻的形成机理，分析影响该接触电阻的因素，包括温度、载荷以及粗糙度等参数。通过建立数学模型以及利用仿真工具来预测接触电阻数值与变化规律，并进行金属双极板和碳纸气体扩散层的界面接触电阻测试用于模型验证，模型计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

可控扩散叶型的扩稳优化

采用正问题方法，将叶型几何参数化、叶型性能分析程序与遗传算法相结合，对某传统可控扩散叶型（CDA）进行叶型损失和攻角范围的综合性能优化设计。结果表明:优化叶型与原叶型具有相近的设计点损失，而其攻角范围由原来的11°增大至17.5°，其中负攻角范围增大了近4.5°。另外，优化叶型的损失随攻角变化也更为平缓，意味着可以在更为宽广的攻角范围内保持稳定的性能。分析表明:吸力面速度峰值位置由原叶型40%弦长处前移至20%弦长处，增加了减速区的长度，使减速更为平缓，是正攻角裕度增大的主要原因。负攻角裕度增加有两方面原因，优化叶型喉道面积增大且喉道位置与设计点吸力峰值位置错开，具有较大的堵塞裕度；压力面前部区域速度较为平缓，甚至略微加速，直至30%弦长后才开始减速扩压，避免了因压力面前缘处的较大速度尖峰以及随后的持续扩压导致附面层的过早分离。