大学生弱势群体的认知误区及对策探析

由于认知存在误区,大学生弱势群体的情绪和行为多表现为消极负面.通过对大学生弱势群体认知误区的梳理和分析,引导他们学会运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法分析问题,引导他们树立科学的世界观、人生观和价值观,从而使他们走出认知误区,摆脱弱势,促进他们自身的发展和社会的和谐.     

The cognitive adequacy of Allen's interval calculus for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning

Qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR) is often claimed to be cognitively more plausible than conventional numerical approaches to spatial reasoning, because it copes with the indeterminacy of spatial data and allows inferences based on incomplete spatial knowledge. The paper reports experimental results concerning the cognitive adequacy of an important approach used in QSR, namely the spatial interpretation of the interval calculus introduced by Allen (1983). Knauff, Rauh and Schlieder (1995) distinguished between the conceptual and inferential cognitive adequacy of Allen's interval calculus. The former refers to the thirteen base relations as a representational system and the latter to the compositions of these relations as a tool for reasoning. The results of two memory experiments on conceptual adequacy show that people use ordinal information similar to the interval relations when representing and remembering spatial arrangements. Furthermore, symmetry transformations on the interval relations were found to be responsible for most of the errors, whereas conceptualneighborhood theory did not appear to correspond to cognitively relevant concepts. Inferential adequacy was investigated by two reasoning experiments and the results show that in inference tasks where the number of possible interval relations for the composition is more than one, subjects ignore numerous possibilities and interindividually prefer the same relations. Reorientations and transpositions operating on the relations seem to be important for reasoning performance as well, whereas conceptual neighborhood did not appear to affect the difficulty of reasoning tasks based on the interval relations.     

On early cognitive mapping

In this paper we examine the nature of theearly cognitive map – the beginnings of acognitive map formed from one's earlyimpressions of the environment one is in. Twodistinct paradigms have emerged from ourstudies of what information is initially identified in a cognitive map. The first, which weterm a space-based approach, emphasises makingexplicit the spatial extent of the currentlocal environment. The second emphasises makingexplicit the relationships between objects inthe local environment and we call this anobject-based approach. For both paradigms weexamine the psychological literature to findsupport for the approach and the roboticists'attempts at implementing the idea. We arguethat a space-based approach is the moreappropriate way to compute an early cognitivemap. In particular, we find that Siegel andWhite's (1975) object-based hypothesis, whichstates that the developmental progression of acognitive map is from landmark to route tosurvey map, is not supported. The space-basedparadigm underpins our own work in this areaand we outline our own space-based theory forcomputing an early cognitive map.     

Link-16战术数据链抗干扰性能评估与仿真

分析了JTIDS系统的结构与特点,重点探讨了其抗干扰性能,在Simulink仿真平台实现了对JTIDS系统的仿真,给出了具体的仿真模型并对模型中的每个模块进行了较为详细的说明,对仿真结果进行了简要分析.     

双通道对消方法抑制SAR干扰对目标的影响分析

双通道对消方法作为一种有效的SAR抗干扰方法,在进行SAR干扰抑制的同时,在部分周期性区域会产生导致目标损失现象.从理论上导出了目标损失周期的表达式,并分析了影响目标损失周期的参数,最后通过仿真验证了该表达式的正确性.     

Reasoning about Depth and Motion from an Observer's Viewpoint

ABSTRACT

The goal of this paper is to present a logic-based formalism for representing knowledge about objects in space and their movements, and show how this knowledge could be built up from the viewpoint of an observer immersed in a dynamic world. In this paper space is represented using functions that extract attributes of depth, size and distance from snapshots of the world. These attributes compose a novel spatial reasoning system named Depth Profile Calculus (DPC). Transitions between qualitative relations involving these attributes are represented by an extension of this calculus called Dynamic Depth Profile Calculus (DDPC). We argue that knowledge about objects in the world could be built up via a process of abduction on DDPC relations.     

基于宽带模糊函数的DS/FH信号性能分析

引入直扩/跳频(DS/FH)混合扩频技术可以增强航天测控系统的电子对抗能力。推导了DS/FH混合扩频信号的宽带模糊函数表达式。通过分析得知,随着载波频率的增加,信号时长的变化对模糊值的影响减弱,宽带和窄带模糊函数间的差异减小,但在接收信号的处理中仍需考虑对信号时长变化的匹配。数值仿真分析了DS/FH信号波形在不同增益分配下的分辨率、精度、旁瓣抑制及抗干扰等性能。结果表明在一定的增益分配下,该波形具有接近理想的图钉型模糊图,适当增加跳频增益可以获得更好的分辨率和抗干扰性能。     

网电空间数据链的认知抗干扰技术

为了增强复杂电磁环境中网电空间数据链的抗干扰能力,提出了基于发送-感知-接收（T-S-R）工作模式的同时收发认知抗干扰（SCAJ）技术,通过在感知/接收周期内动态分配感知、接收时隙而实现实时抗干扰。针对所提同时收发抗干扰策略,研究了基于能量检测的干扰感知性能,推导出衰落信道下干扰检测概率的闭式表达,并分析了同时收发认知抗干扰系统容量。仿真结果表明,提出的同时收发认知抗干扰技术提升了网电空间数据链的干扰感知能力,且在自干扰较低时能够提高网电空间数据链系统容量。     

GNSS抗干扰天线阵不一致性对MUSIC算法的影响

由于天线阵元位置、射频（RF）放大器和模数转换器（ADC）等因素的影响,全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）抗干扰天线阵各通道间不可避免地存在着不一致性。首先,利用矩阵中的子空间理论分析了通道的幅度不一致性和相位不一致性对多重信号分类（MUSIC）算法的影响。理论分析结果表明:单干扰情况下通道幅度不一致性会降低MUSIC算法方向图的零陷深度,但不影响零陷位置,相位不一致性对MUSIC算法方向图零陷位置和零陷深度均有影响;多干扰情况下通道幅度不一致性和相位不一致性对MUSIC算法方向图零陷位置零陷和深度都有影响。因此在通道不一致性慢变化的条件下,MUSIC算法利用方向图进行性能评估时需要测出通道幅相偏差矩阵进行方向图纠正。然后,利用仿真的方法对不一致性的影响进行了实验分析,实验分析结果与理论分析结果一致。