Determination of optimal samples for robot calibration based on error similarity

Industrial robots are used for automatic drilling and riveting.The absolute position accuracy of an industrial robot is one of the key performance indexes in aircraft assembly,and can be improved through error compensation to meet aircraft assembly requirements.The achievable accuracy and the difficulty of accuracy compensation implementation are closely related to the choice of sampling points.Therefore,based on the error similarity error compensation method,a method for choosing sampling points on a uniform grid is proposed.A simulation is conducted to analyze the influence of the sample point locations on error compensation.In addition,the grid steps of the sampling points are optimized using a statistical analysis method.The method is used to generate grids and optimize the grid steps of a Kuka KR-210 robot.The experimental results show that the method for planning sampling data can be used to effectively optimize the sampling grid.After error compensation,the position accuracy of the robot meets the position accuracy requirements.     

Numerical study on flow fields and aerodynamics of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode based on embedded grid and actuator model

A method combining rotor actuator disk model and embedded grid technique is presented in this paper, aimed at predicting the flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode more efficiently and effectively. In this method, rotor's influence is considered in terms of the momentum it impacts to the fluid around it; transformation matrixes among different coordinate systems are deduced to extend actuator method's utility to conversion mode flow fields' calculation. Meanwhile, an embedded grid system is designed, in which grids generated around fuselage and actuator disk are regarded as background grid and minor grid respectively, and a new method is presented for ‘donor searching' and ‘hole cutting' during grid assembling. Based on the above methods, flow fields of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode are simulated, with threedimensional Navier–Stokes equations discretized by a second-order upwind finite-volume scheme and an implicit lower–upper symmetric Gauss–Seidel(LU-SGS) time-stepping scheme. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed CFD method is very effective in simulating the conversion mode flow fields of tilt rotor aircraft.     

可压缩粘性流动笛卡尔网格虚拟单元方法研究

以二维高雷诺数可压缩粘性流动问题为背景,提出了一种全新的笛卡尔网格虚拟单元方法。基于壁面函数基本假设,构造了壁面函数-虚拟单元方法(WF-GCM),用于定义湍流壁面边界条件。引入参考点的概念计算虚拟单元上的基本变量与湍流变量值,定义了"非贴体"笛卡尔网格下的湍流壁面边界条件,并通过壁面函数模型修正近壁面单元与界面单元。基于自适应笛卡尔网格体系,采用发展的具有二阶精度的格心格式有限体积求解器,数值模拟了跨音速RAE2822翼型绕流问题与超音速圆柱绕流问题,计算结果与实验值吻合良好,显示了WF-GCM对高雷诺数可压缩粘性问题是有效的。     

超声速条件下多体干扰与分离试验研究

采用根据国外公开文献设计的类CAV模型,在0．6m×0．6m 跨/超声速风洞中开展了多体干扰与分离网格测力试验研究,初步获得了典型多体飞行器分离过程中的气动特性变化规律。试验结果表明,载荷模型气动特性受分离位置变化影响非常明显。载荷模型沿轴向分离时,气动力（矩）逐步接近自由流中气动力（矩）值,载荷模型法向位置改变会引发其气动力（矩）值发生更为剧烈的变化。引发这种现象的原因有两个：一是尾迹和头激波的发展改变了不同轴向位置处载荷模型的表面流态,从而影响了其气动特性;二是母机模型底部流动具有明显的非对称膨胀特征,不同法向位置处流速大小和方向差异明显,导致载荷模型气动特性随法向位置变化更为剧烈。     

基于三维空域网格的低空飞行航迹战略规划方法

针对复杂低空环境下航空应急救援飞行安全问题,提出了一种基于三维空域网格的飞行航迹战略规划方法。将空域网格化分成多个飞行航迹节点,同时考虑地形、气象、飞行规则以及航空器性能等多种约束,使用改进的A*算法搜索单个航空器的最优飞行航迹。在单个航空器初始飞行航迹基础上,结合时间窗原理,提出两种方法解决了多机无冲突航迹战略规划问题。最后,通过案例仿真验证了方法的有效性。     

曲线物面边界条件在DGM中的应用研究

基于二维非结构网格,采用高精度间断Galerkin有限元方法数值求解定常Euler方程。为了有效克服传统的反射物面边界条件在物面处易于生成伪熵降低计算精度的缺陷,提出一种曲线物面边界条件,从而实现对物理模型而不是数值模型进行数值模拟。对经典圆柱亚音速无粘绕流进行数值模拟,结果表明:采用曲线物面边界条件之后,流场解的精度得到很好的提高;此外,在非常稀疏的网格上,通过提高基函数的阶次仍可以得到高精度的数值解。     

基于试验与蒙特卡洛法的子母弹子弹落点计算模型

针对目前子母弹子弹落点散布计算模型存在不足,影响子母弹毁伤效能评估准确性的问题,提出一种基于试验数据的子弹落点散布计算模型。对子母弹靶场试验数据进行分析处理,根据相邻子弹间距、不同环带中子弹数量的规律,建立了子弹落点散布模型;结合母弹散布,建立了子母弹子弹落点散布计算模型。该模型在给定子母弹散布参数后,可以快速生成群射子母弹子弹群的地面散布,且与实际情况基本相符,为子母弹毁伤效能评估奠定了基础。     

网格生成方程中非线性系数对网格正交和分布的影响研究

通过数学分析，对椭圆型方程非线性系数对生成网格的正交性和空间分布的影响进行了研究，理论分析和数值结果均表明，系数β具有控制网格正交性的作用，系数α和γ具有调节网格空间分布的作用，且其调节的强增和作用与其比值有直接关系，基于此提出了一种混合型边界条件的给定方法，较好地实现了网格正交和疏密分布的控制。     

Optimal network topology of relative navigation and communication for navigation sharing in fractionated spacecraft cluster

Navigation sharing as a key technology provides orbit and attitude information broadcasting for the whole fractionated spacecraft cluster (FSC). The navigation sharing concept has already been proposed for some years. However, the problem of achieving the optimal navigation sharing by designing the proper network topology is still unsolved, especially in the case that some members of the cluster have absolute navigation devices, some just have relative navigation devices and some only have communication devices. In this paper, a comprehensive model of describing the navigation sharing problem in FSC is proposed. The model of network topology constructing by relative navigation links and communication links is established. By using the graph theory and genetic algorithm as the tool, the conditions for navigation sharing in FSC with different sharing degrees are obtained. Finally, some examples are presented to test the methods, and it has been found that, the absolute positions and attitudes of all the members can still be determined even some members in FSC have no absolute navigation devices.     

网格计算在工业过程控制中的应用前景

网格计算是一种新兴的解决大规模复杂问题的应用技术,充分利用现有资源提供高性能的计算能力。现在的生产过程越来越向大规模复杂化方向发展,过程控制需要新的控制模型和控制方法来解决这些问题。但现有的计算能力无疑又限制了控制技术的应用,将高性能的网格计算运用到过程控制当中可以提高控制模型和控制算法的计算速度,也将大大提高其控制品质和应用范围。