Impact of receiver inter-frequency bias residual uncertainty on dual-frequency GBAS integrity

Dual-Frequency Ground-Based Augmentation Systems (GBAS) can be affected by receiver Inter-Frequency Bias (IFB) when Ionosphere-Free (Ifree) smoothing is applied. In the framework of the proposed GBAS Approach Service Type F (GAST-F), the IFB in the Ifree smoothed pseudorange can be corrected. However, IFB residual uncertainty still exists, which may threaten the integrity of the system. This paper presents an improved algorithm for the airborne protection level considering the residual uncertainty of IFBs to protect the integrity of dual-frequency GBAS. The IFB residual uncertainty multiplied by a frequency factor is included in the Ifree protection level together with the uncertainty of other error sources. To verify the proposed protection level algorithm, we calculate the IFB residual uncertainties of ground reference receivers and user receiver based on BDS B1I and B3I dual-frequency observation data and carry out a test at the Dongying Airport GBAS station. The results show that the proposed Ifree protection level with IFB residual uncertainty is 1.48 times the current protection level on average. The probability of Misleading Information (MI) during the test is reduced from 3.2 × 10^?4 to the required value. It is proven that the proposed protection level can significantly reduce the integrity risk brought by IFB residual uncertainty and protect the integrity of dual-frequency GBAS.     

Particle filter-based real-time phase line bias estimation for GNSS-based attitude determination with common-clock receivers

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based attitude determination has been widely adopted in a wide variety of terrestrial, sea, air, and space applications. Recently, the emergence of commercial multi-GNSS common-clock receivers has brought new opportunities for high-precision GNSS-based attitude determination with single-differenced (SD) model. However, the key requirement of using this approach is the accurate estimation of the troublesome line bias (LB) in real-time. In this contribution, we propose a particle filter-based real-time phase LB estimation approach that apply to SD model with single-system single-frequency observations from common-clock receiver. We first analyzed the relationship between the integer ambiguity ratio value and the phase LB. It is proved that the accuracy of a given phase LB value can be qualified by the related ambiguity resolution ratio value, and the normalized ratio value can therefore be used to represent the likelihood function of observations. Then, we presented the particle filter-based real-time phase LB estimation procedure, and assessed its performance using GPS L1/BDS B1I observations from two datasets collected with different types of common-clock receivers in terms of the accuracy and convergence time of phase LB estimation, the computation load, and the positioning and attitude determination accuracy with respect to the double-differenced (DD) model. Experimental results demonstrated that the phase LB could be accurately estimated with short convergence time (generally within 15 epochs). Moreover, compared with the classical DD approach, the particle filter-based SD approach delivers comparable positioning root-mean-square (RMS) errors in the North and East components but significantly smaller RMS errors in the Up component. Accordingly, the achievable yaw accuracy is comparable whereas the pitch accuracy is remarkably improved. The improvements of positioning accuracy in the Up component and pitch accuracy are approximately 35.7 % to 63.7 %, and 33.3 % to 63.1 %, respectively. Additionally, the single-epoch computation time with our particle filter-based SD approach is generally 0.08 s, which is obviously larger than the DD approach but could still meet the requirements of real-time applications below 10 Hz sampling.     

基于Isight的倾转旋翼飞行器前飞状态翼型优化

倾转旋翼飞行器被认为是下一代旋翼类飞行器的主要发展方向,研究其机翼的气动优化设计,对于提高该类飞行器的飞行性能具有重要意义。以NACA2412为原始翼型,首先,采用Hicks-Henne方法进行翼型参数化,并确定设计变量;其次,采用Isight集成翼型生成、网格划分、流场求解等软件,建立翼型自动优化平台;然后,采用基于最优拉丁超立方设计(Opt LHD)和径向基函数(RBF)的代理模型,并用多岛遗传算法(MIGA)进行机翼优化;最后,将优化后的翼型生成三维机翼,进行气动特性计算。优化过程中,对比两种边界条件的优化结果,以证明所用优化方法的有效性;为了减少计算量,使用动量源方法用作用盘代替旋翼。结果表明:根据机翼展向来流速度分布进行翼型优化,在前飞状态下优化后的机翼的升阻比提高了66.03%。     

FY-3(05)星主动对月定标控制技术研究

月球是低轨气象卫星载荷进行外定标的一个理想目标,不同载荷通过观测月球可以建立统一的参考基准,提高相互之间的数据匹配性。对于低轨卫星,月球一般每月一次进入载荷的视场,但停留时间只有几秒钟。为进一步提高对月定标的观测时长,积累更多的观测数据,本文针对低轨偏置动量卫星提出了一种主动对月定标控制方案,通过卫星平台的姿态控制,使月球在载荷视场中停留30 min以上。仿真结果表明:对月定标过程中卫星姿态控制精度满足指标要求,具备工程应用条件。