局部旋转惯性对转子系统动力特性的影响

提出了基于质心和惯性主轴空间位置的转子旋转惯性描述方法,推导了旋转惯性载荷在不同运动状态下的完整表达式,建立了考虑轮盘质心横向运动和惯性主轴角向运动的连续梁转子模型及运动微分方程。分析表明：高转速下轮盘具有“质心自动定心”与“惯性主轴自动掰正”的趋势,这种旋转惯性将提高转子系统正进动模态频率,并增大转子支点动载荷,盘-轴连接局部角向刚度是决定其影响程度的关键。在此基础上,解释了高转速下转子支点动载荷随转速提高而持续增大的原因,探究了盘-轴连接局部角向刚度对转子系统固有特性和动力学响应的影响规律,为高转速复杂结构转子动力学设计与振动故障排查,提供了理论支撑。     

5轴数控机床发展与应用

论述了5坐标联动数控机床和它典型5种结构、应用历史和用于加工复杂零件的优点以及它对发展制造业的重要作用。并较详细介绍了5轴数控机床在工业中应用现状。     

大量程捷联惯性组合信号同步性研究

针对某大量程、高动态武器用捷联惯性组合数据测量、交互传输及处理的时间轴同步性问题,进行形成机理分析研究。结合系统要求,采取相应手段进行处理。最终对处理效果进行实验验证,结果显示同步性问题得到较好解决,系统精度提高。     

Low-altitude,near-polar and near-circular orbits around Europa

The dynamics of orbits around planetary satellites, taking into account the gravitational attraction of a third-body and the non-uniform distribution of mass of the planetary satellite, is studied. The Hamiltonian considered is explicitly time-dependent. Conditions for frozen orbits are presented. Low-altitude, near-polar orbits, very desirable for scientific missions to study planetary satellites such as the Jupiter’s moon Europa, are analyzed. Lifetimes for these orbits are computed through the single and double averaged method. Comparison between the results obtained by the single and double averaged method is presented. The single-averaged model is more realistic, since it does not eliminate the term due to the equatorial ellipticity of the planetary satellite as done by the double-averaged problem. Considering the single-averaged method, we found unstable frozen orbits where the satellite does not impact with the surface of Europa for at least 200 days. We present an approach using the unaveraged disturbing potential to analyze the effects of these terms in the amplitude of the eccentricity.     

闭式整体叶盘通道五坐标分行定轴加工刀轴矢量规划方法

闭式整体叶盘是新一代航空发动机实现减重增效的关键零件,其通道结构属于典型多约束复杂通道结构。针对闭式整体叶盘通道精加工,提出了一种基于五坐标分行定轴加工的刀轴矢量规划方法。从加工原理上给出了分行定轴加工方法的基本概念,并分析了闭式整体叶盘通道五坐标加工的特征;在刀具预定义和建立检查面球体包围盒层次树结构的基础上,给出了刀轴矢量无干涉区域的计算方法;基于刀位点最短刀长的计算与分析,进行了叶盘通道加工区域划分,建立了分行定轴加工刀轴矢量规划方法。实验验证表明:分行定轴相对五轴联动加工方法不仅可明显提高加工过程中的稳定性和叶片加工表面质量,还可提高叶片精加工效率。     

地球同步轨道SAR曲线轨迹模型和成像算法研究

由于地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)轨道高度高,地球自转对其影响较为严重,其相对地球的运动变得更为复杂,低轨SAR中的直线轨迹模型已不能精确逼近其真实成像几何,基于该模型推导的成像算法也不再适用。针对这一问题,本文首先根据GEO SAR平台的运动特点,使用高阶逼近模型建立了适用于GEO SAR长合成孔径时间的斜距方程,并结合级数反演法,推导出该斜距方程下的二维频谱高阶近似表达式。在此基础上提出了一种二维频域成像算法并分析了其运算量。该算法所有操作都由快速傅里叶变换和相位点乘完成,具有较高的效率。点目标仿真结果表明本文斜距方程精度较高,该算法能实现GEO SAR全孔径高精度成像。     

通道曲面的柱面逼近方法及其在叶轮插铣中的应用

为了使叶轮粗加工后的通道表面与其设计曲面尽可能接近,将整体叶轮的定轴插铣理论模型概括为通道曲面的最大内接柱面优化问题。同时,为简化该问题的计算难度,将最大内接柱面的优化问题转化为柱面直母线方向和柱面准线的确定两个步骤。提出了确定内接柱面直母线方向的最小二乘模型与解算方法,在此基础上,将通道曲面沿柱面的直母线方向进行投影,通过相关曲线间的裁剪操作,获得了最大内接柱面的准线。以最大内接柱面的准线作为插铣加工时的边界曲线,以柱面直母线方向作为插铣加工时平头刀的轴线方向,给出了计算刀心位置和安全高度的迭代算法。最后通过数值算例验证了所提方法的正确性。该方法将有助于叶轮粗加工效率的提高,同时为叶轮的精加工预留较均匀的加工余量。     

箔片摩擦效应对转子-箔片轴承系统动力学特性影响试验

为了研究波纹箔片和轴承壳之间的摩擦特性对转子-箔片轴承系统动力学特性的影响,设计了波箔型径向气体箔片轴承-转子试验台,通过在该试验台上对以两组不同轴承壳圆柱孔内表面粗糙度的箔片轴承支承的质量为0.458kg的转子进行转速为0~8000r/min的运行试验,对比分析了波纹箔片与轴承壳内壁之间的摩擦效应对系统转子动力学特性的影响.结果表明:直径为19.98mm的波箔型径向气体箔片轴承能够实现转子高速运行,在转子起飞后具有良好的运行稳定性,其轴承支承处的振动幅值一直维持在20μm附近,并且降低轴承壳内表面粗糙度(摩擦因数)能够让波纹箔片相对容易地在平箔片和轴承壳之间周向滑移,使其吸收并消除转子高频振动,提高转子系统运行稳定性.      

Numerical orbit integration based on Lie series with use of parallel computing techniques

This article outlines necessary steps to perform numerical orbit integrations based on a Lie series approach. Its implementation requires an efficient evaluation of resulting series coefficients. As an example we treat the classical main problem in satellite orbit calculation (_J2$J_2$ only) and the case of a 4×4$4\times 4$-gravity field. All calculations were performed in very high precision with up to 100 significant digits. In comparison to independent third party computations this approach led to superior results referring to the verifiable constancy of various integrals of motion. To achieve a performance similar to classical numerical integrations in terms of acceptable computing time, at least for non-Keplerian motion problems, we exploited parallel computing capabilities. For our examples, run times were improved by several orders of magnitude, depending on the actual chosen precision level (up to a factor of 50,000 in case of double precision). Here we present the mathematical framework of the proposed orbital integration scheme as well as the work flow for its application in a multi-core, parallel computing environment.     

On the effects of each term of the geopotential perturbation along the time I: Quasi-circular orbits

This paper provides a useful new method to determine minimum and maximum range of values for the degree and order of the geopotential coefficients required for simulations of orbits of satellites around the Earth. The method consists in a time integration of the perturbing acceleration coming from each harmonic of the geopotential during a time interval T. More precisely, this integral represents the total velocity contribution of a specific harmonic during the period T  . Therefore, for a pre-fixed minimum contribution, for instance 1×10^-8$1\times {10}^{-8}$ m/s during the period of time T, any harmonic whose contribution is below this value can, safely, be neglected. This fact includes some constraints in the degree and order of the terms which are present in the geopotential formula, saving computational efforts compared to the integration of the full model. The advantage of this method is the consideration of other perturbations in the dynamics (we consider the perturbations of the Sun, the Moon, and the direct solar radiation pressure with eclipses), since these forces affect the value of the perturbation of the geopotential, because these perturbations depend on the trajectory of the spacecraft, that is dependent on the dynamical model used. In this paper, we work with quasi-circular orbits and we present several simulations showing the bounds for the maximum degree and order (M) that should be used in the geopotential for different situations, e. g., for a satellite near 500 km of altitude (like the GRACE satellites at the beginning of their mission) we found 35?M?198$35?M?198$ for T=1$T=1$ day. We analyzed the individual contribution of the second order harmonic (_J2$J_2$) and we use its behavior as a parameter to determine the lower limit of the number of terms of the geopotential model. In order to test the accuracy of our truncated model, we calculate the mean squared error between this truncated model and the “full” model, using the CBERS (China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite) satellite in this test.