边界层流动的非平行稳定性研究

采用极为有效的抛物化稳定性方程（PSE）方法研究边界民支的非平行稳定性。并利用抛物线坐标变换、有限远延拓边界条件、及流向和法向全差分的数值方法，对不同频率的二维Tollmien-Schichting波的非平行稳定尾进行了计算和分析，计算结果与Orr-Sommerfeld方程（OES）的解以及谱配置方法的PSE结果作了详细的比较，得到了满意的结果。     

飞行器完全非定常气动力的一种工程计算方法

本文以谐振运动非定常气动力计算理论为基础,采用偶极子格网技术进行数值计算、有理式拟合、Fourier积分和Duhamel积分等步骤,给出了飞行器任意运动和受任意大气扰动时完全非定常气动力的一种工程计算方法。该方法数学处理方便,得到的气动力表达式简单。算例结果表明:该完全非定常气动力计算方法可行,精度令人满意,具有工程实际意义。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

振动尖塔对风洞模拟大气湍流边界层的作用

针对大气边界层风洞模拟中常常出现的湍流度随高度衰减太快的问题，本文尝试了一种新的被动模拟方法——振动尖塔法。该方法主要采用了具有弹性底座的尖塔型旋涡发生器。尖塔群受风洞自由来流驱动，发生随机振动，向下游流场注入了强烈的低频扰动，致使试验区的湍流度、积分尺度和风谱惯性子区的宽度都明显增加，改善了风洞的模拟性能。     

基于干扰观测器的新一代歼击机鲁棒飞行逆控制器设计

基于干扰观测器设计了新一代歼击机的鲁棒飞行逆控制器。根据时标分离的原则，将机动飞机分为快慢不同的回路。采用动态逆方法设计了快回路和慢回路控制器，并在慢回路用干扰观测器估计飞机所受的扰动，同时，用于在线补偿动态逆误差。仿真结果表明，该设计合理。     

基于大气传输软件激光透过率对比研究

简要地归纳了目前比较通用的大气传输软件LOWTRAN7、MODTRAN和FASCODE的概况和异同,分析了大气透过率的计算和激光武器选用的波长,比较了激光传输衰减和能见度的关系,重点研究对比了用LOWTRAN7和FASCODE计算1．06μm和10．6μm激光的透过率,并得出了结论。     

基于虚拟目标点制导的误差分析

基于标准弹道确定的虚拟目标点位置在弹道小扰动的情况下能够确保闭路制导的精度,但是在弹道大扰动时,虚拟目标点位置修正误差变大,能否保证闭路制导的精度值得探讨。通过给弹道一个大扰动进行了弹道仿真,结果表明,弹道大扰动会引起闭路制导的方法误差变大。     

Flight Flutter Modal Parameters Identification with Atmospheric Turbulence Excitation Based on Wavelet Transformation

针对基于大气紊流激励的飞机颤振试验数据具有信噪比低以及测量数据以加速度响应形式给出等特点,将小波变换与随机减量法相结合对飞机颤振模态参数进行识别,首先利用随机减量法获得结构在非零初始加速度条件下的自由衰减响应,然后对该自由衰减响应进行Morlet连续小波变换,为使变换简单,本文采用了Parseval定理和留数定理,利用Morlet的带通滤波特性,通过搜索小波变换系数在不同的尺度区域内的极大值,再根据小波变换系数的极大值、相角与固有振动频率及阻尼系数间的关系,即可识别出各模态参数。并对利用小波变换识别颤振模态参数时,实现模态解耦应满足的条件进行了分析研究。通过仿真和飞机颤振试验数据分析,验证了该识别方法不仅简单、有效和可行,而且具有较强的抗噪性。     

A Comparative Study of the Influence of the Active Young Sun on the Early Atmospheres of Earth, Venus, and Mars

Because the solar radiation and particle environment plays a major role in all atmospheric processes such as ionization, dissociation, heating of the upper atmospheres, and thermal and non-thermal atmospheric loss processes, the long-time evolution of planetary atmospheres and their water inventories can only be understood within the context of the evolving Sun. We compare the effect of solar induced X-ray and EUV (XUV) heating on the upper atmospheres of Earth, Venus and Mars since the time when the Sun arrived at the Zero-Age-Main-Sequence (ZAMS) about 4.6 Gyr ago. We apply a diffusive-gravitational equilibrium and thermal balance model for studying heating of the early thermospheres by photodissociation and ionization processes, due to exothermic chemical reactions and cooling by IR-radiating molecules like CO₂, NO, OH, etc. Our model simulations result in extended thermospheres for early Earth, Venus and Mars. The exospheric temperatures obtained for all the three planets during this time period lead to diffusion-limited hydrodynamic escape of atomic hydrogen and high Jeans’ escape rates for heavier species like H₂, He, C, N, O, etc. The duration of this blow-off phase for atomic hydrogen depends essentially on the mixing ratios of CO₂, N₂ and H₂O in the atmospheres and could last from ∼100 to several hundred million years. Furthermore, we study the efficiency of various non-thermal atmospheric loss processes on Venus and Mars and investigate the possible protecting effect of the early martian magnetosphere against solar wind induced ion pick up erosion. We find that the early martian magnetic field could decrease the ion-related non-thermal escape rates by a great amount. It is possible that non-magnetized early Mars could have lost its whole atmosphere due to the combined effect of its extended upper atmosphere and a dense solar wind plasma flow of the young Sun during about 200 Myr after the Sun arrived at the ZAMS. Depending on the solar wind parameters, our model simulations for early Venus show that ion pick up by strong solar wind from a non-magnetized planet could erode up to an equivalent amount of ∼250 bar of O⁺ ions during the first several hundred million years. This accumulated loss corresponds to an equivalent mass of ∼1 terrestrial ocean (TO (1 TO ∼1.39×10²⁴ g or expressed as partial pressure, about 265 bar, which corresponds to ∼2900 m average depth)). Finally, we discuss and compare our findings with the results of preceding studies.     

废气排放塔尾流区随机游动扩散模拟研究

本文对一种建筑结构与形式特异的废气排放源－过江隧道风井塔，进行了如下研究：（１）在环境风洞中通过风井塔后流场的测量，分析给出塔后尾流特征，并进行示踪气体扩散模拟试验和烟云照相；（２）在上述工作基础上，建立一个先进的随机游动扩散模式，模拟尾流区污染物扩散的基本规律，模式计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。建筑物的存在使得地面最大浓度增大３￣４倍，且出现位置离源更近。研究表明，随机游动方法研究对有明显湍流不均