Real-time evaluation method of flight mission load based on sensitivity analysis of physiological factors

As the complexity of flight missions continues to increase, sending a timely warning or providing assistance to pilots helps to reduce the probability of operational errors and flight accidents. Monitoring pilots’ physiological data, real-time evaluation of mission load is a feasible technical way to achieve this. In this paper, a set of flight tasks including aircraft control, humancomputer interaction and mental arithmetic tests are designed to simulate five mission loads at different flight d...     

Water movement on the convex surfaces of porous media under microgravity

A plant growth system for crop production under microgravity is part of a life supporting system designed for long-duration space missions. A plant growth in soil in space requires the understanding of water movement in soil void spaces under microgravity. Under 1G-force condition, on earth, water movement in porous media is driven by gradients of matric and gravitational potentials. Under microgravity condition, water movement in porous media is supposed to be driven only by a matric potential gradient, but it is still not well understood. We hypothesized that under microgravity water in void spaces of porous media hardly moved comparing in void spaces without obstacles because the concave surfaces of the porous media hindered water movement. The objective of this study was to investigate water movement on the convex surfaces of porous media under microgravity. We conducted parabolic flight experiments that provided 20–25?s of microgravity at the top of a parabolic flight. We observed water movement in void spaces in soil-like porous media made by glass beads and glass spheres (round-bottomed glass flasks) in the different conditions of water injection under microgravity. Without water injection, water did not move much in neither glass beads nor glass spheres. When water was injected during microgravity, water accumulated in contacts between the particles, and the water made thick fluid films on the particles surface. When the water injection was stopped under microgravity, water was held in the contacts between the particles. This study showed that water did not move upward in the void spaces with or without the water injection. In addition, our results suggested that the difficulty of water movement on the convex (i.e. particle surfaces) might result in slower water move in porous media under microgravity than at 1G-force.     

基于PnP和自适应线性卡尔曼滤波的实时位姿估计

针对实时位姿估计中扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)线性化引入非线性误差和依赖已知噪声分布的缺点,提出一种基于PnP的自适应线性卡尔曼滤波位姿估计求解方法。将PnP位姿估计求解策略引入卡尔曼滤波观测方程,通过对动态方程误差统计参数实时估计,自适应调节卡尔曼滤波递推参数。所提算法求解精度高,固定了观测方程的观测向量维度,提高了算法实用性。通过仿真试验,比较了该算法与EKF的位姿估计精度,通过量化误差分析,证明了该方法可以提高三维运动位姿估计精度,也验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于仿真的小型数据中心气流组织研究

为了实现小型数据中心能在办公室环境中运行而降低运行成本这一实际需求,提出了蒸汽压缩制冷系统与服务器融合封闭的降噪与制冷的一体化设计方案。在关键部件——轴流风扇和蒸发器的仿真策略得到验证的基础上,建立了系统气流组织仿真模型以分析箱体内流动与换热特征,以方差和信息熵构建不均匀性评价指标以评估不同风扇排布方式对服务器温度场均匀性的影响,讨论了发热密度增大时的应对策略。结果表明,轴流风扇不均匀的动量驱动导致了蒸发器内不均匀的流动与换热,所设计的降噪制冷系统可以使服务器的排风温度控制在21.6~22.2℃,增加蒸发器的散热风扇可以整体上改善温度场均匀性,发热密度增大时增大服务器的通风量是降低排风温度的有效措施。      

周向发散式袋型阻尼密封泄漏特性与动力特性数值研究

提出一种周向发散式袋型阻尼密封结构,建立了袋型阻尼密封多频椭圆涡动求解模型,在实验验证求解模型准确性的基础上,研究了进出口压比、偏心率对袋型阻尼密封泄漏特性与动力特性的影响,分析了两种袋型阻尼密封的转子稳定性.结果表明:两种袋型阻尼密封的泄漏量平均相差0.89％,两者泄漏特性相当.传统袋型阻尼密封在转子偏心状态时各腔室...     

气量分配对轴径向旋流杯燃烧室贫熄边界的影响

针对轴径向旋流杯燃烧室,研究了头部进气面积及主燃孔布局对此类燃烧室贫熄特性的影响.实验结果表明:减小一级轴向旋流器进气面积和增加主燃孔个数对燃烧室贫熄性能有较大影响.一级进气面积减小20%可拓宽贫熄边界9.7%;增加主燃孔为4个时,燃烧室贫熄边界变宽约7.6%.此外,增加一级进气面积20%,改变二级进气面积20%及改变主燃孔个数为2个等情况对燃烧室贫熄边界影响较小.      

人体手端点到点运动的优化轨迹生成与控制

考虑肢体肌肉的生理特征和肌肉收缩的动力学行为,利用肌肉等长收缩的最小功准则研究了人体手端点到点运动的优化轨迹生成与控制问题.讨论了肌肉收缩的动力学特性,建立水平面内上肢运动的动力学模型,提出将肌肉等长收缩的最小功准则作为优化的目标函数,运用最优化理论将手端点到点的运动问题转化为最优控制问题,设计了求解手端运动优化轨迹的迭代算法,得到了手端运动的控制规律和优化轨迹.算例仿真表明该方法对手端运动优化轨迹的预测是有效的.     

一种动态面神经网络鲁棒飞行控制律设计

提出一种基于RBF(Radial Based Function)神经网络和动态面控制的飞行控制律设计方法。针对飞机气动参数变化引起的非线性和不确定性,通过RBF神经网络在线逼近。动态面飞行控制律消除了反推设计方法中由于对虚拟控制反复求导而导致的复杂性问题。同时,在控制律设计中引入一个鲁棒因子项来补偿外界干扰和神经网络的逼近误差,提高了系统的鲁棒性,使整个系统获得更好的跟踪控制性能。基于Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了闭环系统的所有信号半全局一致终结有界,并且通过适当选择设计参数,跟踪误差可收敛到原点的一个小邻域内。最后,通过飞机俯仰运动飞行的数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性。     

Ф5m立式风洞阻尼器的研制和应用

立式风洞开展自由失速/尾旋试验要求试验段气流速度具备快速调节能力,阻尼器是实现试验段气流速度快速调节能力的装置。叙述了阻尼器机械结构设计和它的功效,说明了控制系统设计及联调结果,介绍了试验段气流速度快速性调试方法及结论。系统应用表明,风洞试验段气流速度具备一定快速调节能力,具备开展自由失速/尾旋试验条件。     

激光导引车模糊控制技术研究

为了解决目前差速驱动车体在行进过程的跑偏问题,文章提出了将现有的差速驱动装置更换为舵轮驱动的同时,在运动控制方面引入模糊控制算法.在AGV运动规律的基础上,以法向位置误差和方位角误差为输入,舵轮转角为输出,建立了双输入单输出模糊控制系统.通过实验的分析和比较,确定了模糊控制器中的各个参数,并且利用自制的小车进行了相关的运动学实验,验证了控制系统以及所建立模型的正确性,为进一步研究激光导引AGV小车打下了理论和实验基础.实验结果表明,AGV控制系统运行平稳,性能良好,最大行使速度可达40m/min,导航精度可达±10mm,停车精度可达±5mm,能够连续工作24h,能够满足实际生产需要.