内埋式弹舱舱门气动载荷计算分析研究

采用中心有限体积法进行空间离散和四步Runge-Kutta显式推进方法进行时间推进数值求解了非定常欧拉方程;采用Delaunay方法生成内埋式弹舱舱盖打开时的非结构网格.数值模拟了内埋式轰炸机弹舱单开舱门在分别打开8°和45°时的复杂流场.通过对上述复杂流场的分析,发现作用于舱门的气动载荷具有使其趋向于关闭的特性,且有随打开角度的增大而减小的趋势.     

中等高超声速弹体头,尾形状对气动性能影响的实验研究

六种常规弹体在两种细长比下头部和尾部形状时CN,Xcp的影响进行实验研究，实验名义Mach数为4．0，4．5，5．0和6．0，a＝0°～6°（或0°～8°）。获得了一些对高超声速飞行器研制有实用价值的结果。     

基于N-S方程的悬停旋翼桨叶气动干扰数值模拟

采用基于N-S方程的CFD方法,通过计算前后平行放置的双翼和三翼的干扰流场,对悬停状态旋翼桨叶之间的气动干扰机理进行了数值探讨;在此基础上,进行了2种桨叶片数、2种桨距及2种桨尖马赫数情况的旋翼悬停流场对比计算,模拟它们对旋翼气动性能和桨叶间气动干扰作用的影响,得到一些与工程实际吻合的现象和结论。     

某型发动机新件涡轮叶片叶冠掉块故障分析

为排除某型发动机新件涡轮叶片叶冠掉块故障,对故障件进行尺寸检测、加工制造工艺复查、断口分析、结构和强度分析等,认为:引发故障的主要原因是叶冠转接R不圆滑、存在尖角,造成应力集中;而相邻原机件叶片弦宽尺寸超差,锯齿形工作接触面积小,以及非工作面局部碰磨,是引发故障的次要因素。采取并验证了有针对性的排故措施。     

外挂对载机气动特性的影响研究

从外挂对载机气动特性影响的计算方法出发。分析了现役某型战机外挂ZC-1航空侦察吊舱对载机升力系数、阻力系数和气动中心的影响，得出了具体的计算结果。研究结果为计算外挂对载机的气动特性影响提供了一种工程实用的方法，对指导飞机改装和试飞也有一定的参考价值。     

亚声速谐振升力面的点偶极子法

本文介绍计算亚声速谐振薄翼非定常气动载荷的点偶极子法(DPM)。网格划分方式与偶极子网格法(DLM)相类似。此法将网格上的载荷分布集中置于网格中央剖面的1/4弦点上,控制点取在3/4弦点上,无需作数值积分计算。很容易用于计算形状复杂机翼的非定常气动载荷。 文中给出了矩形翼和后掠翼定常和非定常气动载荷的数值结果,其精度数值与DLM的相当,计算效率提高一倍。     

A Comparative Study of the Influence of the Active Young Sun on the Early Atmospheres of Earth, Venus, and Mars

Because the solar radiation and particle environment plays a major role in all atmospheric processes such as ionization, dissociation, heating of the upper atmospheres, and thermal and non-thermal atmospheric loss processes, the long-time evolution of planetary atmospheres and their water inventories can only be understood within the context of the evolving Sun. We compare the effect of solar induced X-ray and EUV (XUV) heating on the upper atmospheres of Earth, Venus and Mars since the time when the Sun arrived at the Zero-Age-Main-Sequence (ZAMS) about 4.6 Gyr ago. We apply a diffusive-gravitational equilibrium and thermal balance model for studying heating of the early thermospheres by photodissociation and ionization processes, due to exothermic chemical reactions and cooling by IR-radiating molecules like CO₂, NO, OH, etc. Our model simulations result in extended thermospheres for early Earth, Venus and Mars. The exospheric temperatures obtained for all the three planets during this time period lead to diffusion-limited hydrodynamic escape of atomic hydrogen and high Jeans’ escape rates for heavier species like H₂, He, C, N, O, etc. The duration of this blow-off phase for atomic hydrogen depends essentially on the mixing ratios of CO₂, N₂ and H₂O in the atmospheres and could last from ∼100 to several hundred million years. Furthermore, we study the efficiency of various non-thermal atmospheric loss processes on Venus and Mars and investigate the possible protecting effect of the early martian magnetosphere against solar wind induced ion pick up erosion. We find that the early martian magnetic field could decrease the ion-related non-thermal escape rates by a great amount. It is possible that non-magnetized early Mars could have lost its whole atmosphere due to the combined effect of its extended upper atmosphere and a dense solar wind plasma flow of the young Sun during about 200 Myr after the Sun arrived at the ZAMS. Depending on the solar wind parameters, our model simulations for early Venus show that ion pick up by strong solar wind from a non-magnetized planet could erode up to an equivalent amount of ∼250 bar of O⁺ ions during the first several hundred million years. This accumulated loss corresponds to an equivalent mass of ∼1 terrestrial ocean (TO (1 TO ∼1.39×10²⁴ g or expressed as partial pressure, about 265 bar, which corresponds to ∼2900 m average depth)). Finally, we discuss and compare our findings with the results of preceding studies.     

吸力面翼刀对压气机叶栅内二次流的影响

1引言在叶轮机械叶栅内流动控制中,可以通过在叶片吸力面、端壁上安装翼刀或隔片,控制二次流的发展,降低二次流损失,其中将翼刀加装在吸力面上的控制方式即为吸力面翼刀控制技术。吸力面翼刀主要是通过阻断端壁附面层和叶片吸力面附面层近端壁处低能流动沿吸力面的展向迁移来对     

超声速机翼－尾翼组合体的非定常气动力边界元法

本文以Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数为基础的边界元，应用时间历程法，计算机翼－尾翼组合体的非定常气动性能。这为飞行器的设计及其非定常气动特性分析提供了一种有效和完善的计算方法。本文介绍的方法，特别适用于研究、分析各类飞行器非定常动态响应过程的数值计算，例如飞机对突风动态响应等。本文提供的三维机翼的超声速启动过程非定常气动力数值结果，与Ｌｏｍａｘ理论解作了比较，可以看到吻合得很好，说明本文所使用的方法是可行的。对于机翼－尾翼组合体的数值结果，则进一步提供了尾翼受到机翼的洗流影响过程。     

航天飞机三维最优再入轨道及气动加热过程

本文应用现代控制理论研究了航天飞行器三维最优再入轨道和与轨道参数密切相关的气动加热过程。文中选择飞行器迎角和倾斜角作为控制变量,以飞行器气动加热率和飞行过载沿轨道积分最小作为优化性能指标,按极大原理导出最优再入轨道有约束控制的非线性两点边值问题。采用了数值优化方法——共轭梯度法求解有升力飞行器的最优再入轨道及其热过程。文中以允许误差法讨论了权系数和罚函数的选取方法;对不同速度范围研究了不同的加热模型;按热平衡方程与优化轨道同步迭代的方法求得了算例数值结果。算例的数值结果与文献[13]的量值是一致的。