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971.
采用EB-PVD沉积了3.5%Y2O3-La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7(3.5Y-LZ7C3)/YSZ双陶瓷热障涂层,分析了涂层的成分、相结构、组织形貌和热循环氧化性能.研究表明:La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7(LZ7C3)材料中掺杂Y2O3能有效地降低涂层中La2O3/ZrO2/CeO2的成分偏差;双陶瓷涂层在1050℃下氧化增重动力学为M=0.1219t1/3,相比抛物线型YSZ涂层的氧化增重曲线,较大减缓了氧化速度;沉积态双陶瓷涂层表面结构(即3.5Y-LZ7C3涂层结构)为烧绿石结构,经过热循环后逐渐分解,出现了萤石结构以及La2O3的衍射峰;在1050℃双陶瓷层热循环氧化寿命达768h. 相似文献
972.
模拟钝前缘三角翼的特殊双(内、外侧)主涡流动结构和流动分离点的情况,通过定常的RANS计算和基于SA模型的DES计算表明,计算结果与试验数据吻合度较好,可以比较准确地捕捉了三角翼的双主涡结构。同时,应用SA-DES方法可以提高漩涡的模拟精度。 相似文献
973.
974.
Comparative study of foF2 measurements with IRI-2007 model predictions during extended solar minimum
I.E. Zakharenkova A. Krankowski D. Bilitza Iu.V. Cherniak I.I. Shagimuratov R. Sieradzki 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The unusually deep and extended solar minimum of cycle 23/24 made it very difficult to predict the solar indices 1 or 2 years into the future. Most of the predictions were proven wrong by the actual observed indices. IRI gets its solar, magnetic, and ionospheric indices from an indices file that is updated twice a year. In recent years, due to the unusual solar minimum, predictions had to be corrected downward with every new indices update. In this paper we analyse how much the uncertainties in the predictability of solar activity indices affect the IRI outcome and how the IRI values calculated with predicted and observed indices compared to the actual measurements. Monthly median values of F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from the ionosonde measurements at the mid-latitude ionospheric station Juliusruh were compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007) model predictions. The analysis found that IRI provides reliable results that compare well with actual measurements, when the definite (observed and adjusted) indices of solar activity are used, while IRI values based on earlier predictions of these indices noticeably overestimated the measurements during the solar minimum. One of the principal objectives of this paper is to direct attention of IRI users to update their solar activity indices files regularly. Use of an older index file can lead to serious IRI overestimations of F-region electron density during the recent extended solar minimum. 相似文献
975.
M. Mosert S. Magdaleno D. Buresova D. Altadill M. Gende E. Gularte L. Scida 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The total electron content (TEC) derived from the global positioning system (GPS) and the F2-layer peak electron density obtained from Digisonde data have been used to study the diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations of the ionospheric equivalent slab thickness (τ) over three European stations located at Pruhonice (50.0°N, 15.0°E), Ebro (40.8°N, 0.5°E) and El Arenosillo (37.1°N, 353.3°E). The diurnal variation of the τ is characterized by daytime values lower than nighttime ones for all seasons at low solar activity while daytime values larger than nighttime characterizes the diurnal variation for summer at high solar activity. A double peak is noticeable at dusk and at dawn, better expressed for winter at low solar activity. The seasonal variations of τ depend on local time and solar activity, the daytime values of τ increases from winter to summer whereas nighttime values of τ show the opposite. The effect of the solar activity on τ depends on local time and season, there being very sensitive for winter nighttime values of τ. The results of this study are compared with those presented by other authors. 相似文献
976.
Yue Wang Shijie Xu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The J2 problem is an important problem in celestial mechanics, orbital dynamics and orbital design of spacecraft, as non-spherical mass distribution of the celestial body is taken into account. In this paper, the J2 problem is generalized to the motion of a rigid body in a J2 gravitational field. The relative equilibria are studied by using geometric mechanics. A Poisson reduction process is carried out by means of the symmetry. Non-canonical Hamiltonian structure and equations of motion of the reduced system are obtained. The basic geometrical properties of the relative equilibria are given through some analyses on the equilibrium conditions. Then we restrict to the zeroth and second-order approximations of the gravitational potential. Under these approximations, the existence and detailed properties of the relative equilibria are investigated. The orbit–rotation coupling of the rigid body is discussed. It is found that under the second-order approximation, there exists a classical type of relative equilibria except when the rigid body is near the surface of the central body and the central body is very elongated. Another non-classical type of relative equilibria can exist when the central body is elongated enough and has a low average density. The non-classical type of relative equilibria in our paper is distinct from the non-Lagrangian relative equilibria in the spherically-simplified Full Two Body Problem, which cannot exist under the second-order approximation. Our results also extend the previous results on the classical type of relative equilibria in the spherically-simplified Full Two Body Problem by taking into account the oblateness of the primary body. The results on relative equilibria are useful for studies on the motion of many natural satellites, whose motion are close to the relative equilibria. 相似文献
977.
Szu-Pyng Kao Yuh-Min Tu Shengyue Ji Wu Chen Zhenjie Wang Duojie Weng Xiaoli Ding Ting Hu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The ionosphere is an important part of the atmosphere and it is the largest error source of GNSS positioning for single-frequency users. So establishing a precise ionosphere model is one of the critical steps for satellite navigation and also for ionospheric research. 相似文献
978.
Mark Nelson William F. Dempster John P. Allen 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Closed ecological systems are desirable for a number of purposes. In space life support systems, material closure allows precious life-supporting resources to be kept inside and recycled. Closure in small biospheric systems facilitates detailed measurement of global ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles. Closed testbeds facilitate research topics which require isolation from the outside (e.g. genetically modified organisms; radioisotopes) so their ecological interactions and fluxes can be studied separate from interactions with the outside environment. But to achieve and maintain closure entails solving complex ecological challenges. These challenges include being able to handle faster cycling rates and accentuated daily and seasonal fluxes of critical life elements such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, macro- and mico-nutrients. The problems of achieving sustainability in closed systems for life support include how to handle atmospheric dynamics including trace gases, producing a complete human diet, recycling nutrients and maintaining soil fertility, the maintenance of healthy air and water and preventing the loss of critical elements from active circulation. In biospheric facilities, the challenge is also to produce analogues to natural biomes and ecosystems, studying processes of self-organization and adaptation in systems that allow specification or determination of state variables and cycles which may be followed through all interactions from atmosphere to soils. Other challenges include the dynamics and genetics of small populations, the psychological challenges for small isolated human groups and backup technologies and strategic options which may be necessary to ensure long-term operation of closed ecological systems. 相似文献
979.
Rashmi Patowary S.B. Singh Kalyan Bhuyan 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The effect of geomagnetic storms on the F2 region was studied by calculating the deviation, ΔfoF2, of foF2 during 40 magnetic storms, ranging from moderate (Dst < −50 nT) to very intense (Dst < −200 nT) of the 21st solar cycle. In order to study the variation of storm-time foF2 with latitude, season and storm strength, ionosonde data were obtained from eight stations spanning a latitudinal range of +60–−60°. The stations chosen lay in a narrow longitudinal range of 140–151°, so that local time difference between the stations is practically negligible. The features exhibited by positive and negative phases were essentially different. The storm time ΔfoF2 clearly exhibited a latitudinal variation and this variation were found to be coupled with the seasonal variation. As for the variation with storm intensity, though ΔfoF2 was found to vary even between two storms of almost equal intensity, the amplitude of a positive or negative phase, |ΔfoF2max| showed a distinct upper limit for each intensity category of storms. 相似文献
980.