羽流污染对某型号卫星热控涂层的影响分析

文章以某卫星热控涂层的污染研究为目的,针对20N轨控推力器,在推力器羽流流场模拟的基础上,结合污染沉积过程模拟,计算获得了卫星在轨运行期间热控涂层表面的污染沉积膜的厚度,分析了热控涂层太阳吸收率的退化情况。     

溶胶-凝胶法二氧化硅增透膜的制备与研究

利用正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,乙醇为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃基片上制备二氧化硅增透膜,并结合正交试验设计的方法,分析了试验的最佳原料配比以及影响二氧化硅增透膜性能的主要因素。用紫外-可见光分光光度计测定了二氧化硅增透膜的透光率。实验研究结果显示:以盐酸为催化剂在普通玻璃上制备的增透膜,可使透光率平均提高约3%;膜层结构为非晶态;正硅酸乙酯和水的含量是主要影响因素。     

载人航天器密封舱微生物防控技术体系框架研究概述

载人航天器密封舱内环境适宜航天员工作和生活,同时也给空间微生物提供了生长繁殖的有利条件。而空间微重力和电磁辐射等环境会加大空间微生物对材料的腐蚀能力。因此,必须对空间微生物防控技术进行体系化研究。文章从空间微生物菌种的采集和鉴定、空间环境下微生物对航天材料的腐蚀机理、载人航天材料抗菌涂层选择以及微生物控制技术等方面对微生物防控体系进行阐述,可以作为开展载人航天器空间微生物防控技术研究的参考。     

喷枪空间行进速率对等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ复合涂层温度场的影响

为了突破传统金属/陶瓷双层热防护涂层高温环境易剥离的技术瓶颈,研究喷枪空间行进速率变化对等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ复合涂层时间域及空间域温度场分布的影响规律。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立等离子喷涂Mo/8YSZ功能梯度热障涂层的数值模型,考虑材料不同温度下的热物性参数和材料的相变潜热,通过分析不同喷枪空间行进速率下喷涂构件的温度与温度梯度发现:在喷涂过程的同一时刻,喷枪行进速率越大,单位长度内喷枪与构件相互作用的时间越少,构件的最大温度值越小,构件上表面温度分布的均匀性越高,构件的最大温度梯度值越小;先沉积的涂层对后沉积的涂层存在预热作用,基体的最大温度值呈"台阶式"升高的变化趋势;随着涂层厚度的增加,涂层的热阻增加,基体温度的波动幅度逐渐减小;通过调控各涂层的喷枪行进速率,可进一步减小构件的温度梯度,按照黏结层最大、过渡层次之、陶瓷层最小的顺序进行喷涂时,喷涂构件的温度梯度最小。     

Microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behavior of plasma-sprayed Si/Yb2SiO5 environmental barrier coatings

An environmental barrier coating (EBC) consisting of a silicon bond coat and an Yb₂SiO₅ top-coat was sprayed on a carbon fibers reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) by atmospheric plasma spray (APS). The microstructure of the coating annealed at 1300 °C and its high-temperature oxidation behavior at 1350 °C were investigated. The significant mass loss of silica during the plasma spray process led to the formation of Yb₂SiO₅ and Yb₂O₃ binary phases in the top-coat. Eutectics of Yb₂SiO₅ and Yb₂O₃ were precipitated in the top-coat, and channel cracks were formed in the top-coat after 20 h annealing because of the mismatch between the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of Yb₂SiO₅ and the SiC substrate. The EBC effectively improved the oxidation resistance of the CMC substrate. The channel cracks in the Yb₂SiO₅ top-coat provided inward diffusion channels for oxygen and led to the formation of oxidation delamination cracks in the bond coat, finally resulting in spallation failure of the coating after 80 h oxidation.     

CVD-SiC 涂层的C/ C-SiC 复合材料的抗烧蚀性能

采用CVD法,1 050℃在三维针刺C/C-SiC复合材料表面制备SiC涂层,研究稀释气体与载气流量比分别为4∶1和2∶1制备条件下涂层的晶体结构、表面和断面的微观形貌,对比了涂层前后C/C-SiC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能.结果表明:稀释气体流量降低其制备的SiC涂层更加平整致密,与基体结合程度更好,沉积产物均为单一的β-SiC结晶相.在600 s的氧化烧蚀下,两种流量比条件下制备CVD-SiC涂层的C/C-SiC复合材料的线烧蚀率比未涂层的分别降低34％和50％,质量烧蚀率分别降低70％和75％,抗氧化烧蚀性能明显提高.     

1种低红外发射率涂层耐热性能研究

为有效降低飞行器高温部位表面的红外发射率,以改性有机硅为黏结剂体系、金属铝粉为主要填料,制备了在8~14μm波段具有较低红外发射率的涂层。在50~400℃温度范围内考察了涂层的耐热性能,并采用扫描电镜、TGA等手段对其进行表征,研究了涂层的红外发射率、光泽度和力学性能随温度的变化规律及影响机理。结果表明:制备的涂层在300℃以下具有良好的力学性能,可长期使用,在8~14μm波段的红外发射率与温度成反比,光泽度与温度成正比;当环境温度高于300℃,涂层开始发生热降解现象,光泽度降低,涂层的力学性能降低。     

亚燃冲压燃烧室隔热屏壁温试验研究

亚燃冲压燃烧室在高空、高马赫数下工作时,其进气温度很高,冷却空气量少,给冷却设计带来很大困难.本文通过试验,研究了热障涂层和两种不同燃油喷射方式对某型亚燃冲压燃烧室隔热屏壁温的影响.结果表明:热障涂层对降低隔热屏壁温有一定的作用,喷油孔分布均匀的燃油喷射装置对冲压燃烧室冷却设计更有利.本研究可为亚燃冲压燃烧室的冷却设计...     

热循环对某热控涂层热辐射的影响

对某热控涂层进行了快速高低温循环试验(-196~900℃),通过太阳吸收比、半球发射率检测和SEM形貌等对涂层的热辐射性能进行分析。实验表明,经过热循环后,该涂层保持高吸收比的稳定状态(0.87左右),而半球发射率从原始的0.57提高到0.72,最后稳定在0.75左右。SEM微观形貌研究表明,热循环实验使涂层表面的结晶度和晶粒大小发生变化,导致涂层热辐射性能改变。     

Effects of Shot Peening Process on Thermal Cycling Lifetime of TBCs Prepared by EB-PVD

Conventional two-layered thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) with ZrO2-8 wt% Y2O3 (8YSZ) as top coat and CoCrAlY as bond coat on disk-shaped Ni based super-alloy. In this paper, three kinds of shot peening process with different lengths of operating time were adopted for bond coating. As a result, changes took place in its sur- face roughness and the surface micro-hardness. A thermal cycling test at 1 273 K×55 min and another at room temperature for 5 min were performed to study the effects of shot peening process on the thermal cycling lifetime of TBCs. It is found that a moderate shot peening process will be able to prolong the life time. The oxidation dynamic of the as-processed TBCs basically accords with the para- bolic rule, and the oxidation test also attests to the spallation between YSZ and thermal growth oxide (TGO) responsible mainly for the failure of TBCs.