绝热材料动态烧蚀试验方法

为了研究绝热材料的动态烧蚀特性,建立了一种敞开环境下绝热材料烧蚀表面的实时监测方法,用光学技术实时记录绝热材料试样表面烧蚀形貌和烧蚀面退移过程,通过图像处理,成功获得了绝热材料动态烧蚀率和烧蚀形貌的相关信息。该监测方法可对一定条件下炭化层的动态烧蚀性能进行评估,通过图像的批处理可获得每一时刻的动态烧蚀率和前n秒的平均线烧蚀率,适用于绝热材料动态烧蚀特性研究,还可以用于研究在绝热材料表面的炭化层形成和消耗特性。     

基于数据融合的边缘检测新方法研究

基于经典形态学的边缘检测方法虽然具有较好的去噪能力,但其得到的往往是断续的,不完整的边缘信息,不能反映全部的边缘特性.分别利用改进的数学形态学的方法和拉普拉斯算法对图像进行边缘检测,然后将两种方法处理后的图像进行数据融合,实验结果表明,该方法得到的图像边界细腻完整,具有较好的抗噪性.     

反铁电陶瓷PLZST纳米粉的制备研究

利用溶胶-水热法制备了PLZST纳米粉,并研究了反应温度、铅过量等因素对产物的影响.溶胶处理确实可以降低制备温度.利用XRD 分析了粉体的结晶性, XRF分析了粉体的化学组成,SEM观察了粉体的形貌以及SAXS测定了粉体的粒度分布.研究发现,经一般超声分散的粉体的颗粒呈球形,而不经分散的粉体颗粒成矩形,表现出自组装的倾向性.     

Research on modeling of heat source for electron beam welding fusion-solidification zone

In this paper, the common heat source model of point and linear heat source in the numerical simulation of electron beam welding (EBW) were summarized and introduced. The combined point-linear heat source model was brought forward and to simulate the welding temperature fields of EBW and predicting the weld shape. The model parameters were put forward and regulated in the combined model, which included the ratio of point heat source to linear heat source Qpr and the distribution of linear heat source Lr. Based on the combined model, the welding temperature fields of EBW were investigated. The results show that the predicted weld shapes are conformable to those of the actual, the temperature fields are reasonable and correct by simulating with combined point-linear heat source model and the typical weld shapes are gained.     

高温度梯度定向凝固下Ni-NbC合金的组织演化

在温度梯度300K/cm和定向凝固速率5～20μm/s下,Ni-10.6wt%NbC合金以平界面方式凝固,当凝固速率达到50μm/s 时,合金凝固组织中出现共晶胞状组织.随定向凝固速率的增大,三叶状和点状形态的NbC相向条状NbC相过渡.当定向凝固速率从2μm/s跃迁变化到10μm/s时,Ni-10.6wt%NbC合金凝固组织仍然以规则共晶生长;而跃迁变化到50和100μm/s时,出现起伏较大的共晶胞状组织和初生相Ni枝晶的生长.另外采用速率跃迁变化可以细化恒定定向凝固速率下的组织,组织的细化是通过NbC相重新成核,使纤维间距减少进行的.     

基于形态学的SAR图像相干斑抑制算法的改进

在抑制相干斑噪声的同时应尽量保持图像的边缘和纹理特征。基于数学形态学方法的几何滤波算法在有效去除相干斑的同时，能较好地保留图像的边缘特征，但是运算量较大，处理速度较慢，将不利于数据的实时处理。为了克服此缺点，本文应用形态学中平滑方法对该算法作了改进。并对真实SAR图像进行处理并与几何滤波算法及Lee滤波算法处理结果作比较。结果验证了改进算法与几何滤波算法相比在达到同样的处理效果的情况下．减少了一半以上的运算量，大大地缩短了处理时间。     

红外航空图像自动目标识别的形态滤波神经网络算法

 提出了一种有实用意义的形态滤波神经网络模型及其自适应 BP学习算法。形态滤波网络的优化设计过程实际上是网络参数 (结构元素 )不断调整、逐步适应图像环境的优化学习过程,从而将目标客体的特征规律反映到网络结构上来,以实现对复杂变化的图像具有良好的滤波性能和稳健的适应能力。为结合运动图像目标的检测需要,采用了渐进收缩误差、适时校正网络权值的动态跟踪学习算法。通过实验结果可以看出,该算法不仅能适应复杂多样的背景环境,而且对运动目标的连续检测能力具有位移不变、伸缩不变和旋转不变的特性。     

铝合金加速腐蚀形貌灰度特征提取方法

基于腐蚀图像包含大量腐蚀信息的客观现象,将数字图像技术和概率统计理论应用于腐蚀图像预处理和特征提取,用腐蚀图像统计特征值的变化来表征腐蚀形貌的演化过程。结合LY12CZ铝合金在EXCO溶液中加速腐蚀试验,计算得到加速腐蚀不同时间的试验件表面6个典型灰度统计特征值。分析表明:试验件表面灰度统计特征值随着腐蚀时间的增加呈现规律性变化,平均亮度、一致性随腐蚀时间的增加而减少,而平均对比度、相对平滑度、第3阶矩、熵值等随腐蚀时间的增加而增加,说明随着腐蚀时间的增加,试件表面蚀坑逐渐变大变深,腐蚀越来越严重,腐蚀形貌越来越复杂。     

基于提升小波和形态学的图像边缘检测算法

基于提升小波变换和形态学的基本理论,提出了一种提升小波和形态学相结合的图像边缘检测算法,算法充分利用了提升小波变换相对于传统小波变换快速而有效的完成小波分解和重构的算法优势。形态学运算在图像处理中具有独特的优势,利用其对图像膨胀和腐蚀的差运算来获取图像的边缘,取得了很好的效果。实验结果表明,算法边缘定位准确,抗噪能力强,检测出的图像边缘连续、平滑,是一种有效的边缘检测方法。     

Modeling high-speed cutting of SiCp/Al composites using a semi-phenomenologically based damage model

In this paper, we attempts to investigate cutting mechanisms in high-speed cutting of Al6061/SiC_p/15p composites using a semi-phenomenologically based damage model in the equivalent homogeneous material (EHM) framework. By combining macroscale EHM modeling and underlying microscale physical mechanisms, a feasible semi-phenomenological plastic model is proposed for prediction of cutting forces and chip morphology during high-speed turning Al6061/SiC_p/15p composites. This model incorporates the modified Weibull weakest-link effect to represent the strain-based damage evolution in large deformations. This proposed semi-phenomenological constitutive model is implemented by compiling material subroutines into cutting finite element (FE) codes. The effects of the critical shear stresses on chip formation that depend on the tool-chip frictional coefficient are accounted for in the cutting FE model. The chip formation mechanism affecting material removal behaviors during high-speed turning is further investigated. The capabilities of the proposed constitutive model are evaluated by comparing cutting forces and chip morphologies between experiments and simulations at different cutting speeds associated with strain rates. The EHM-based and microstructure-based models are further compared in both computational efficiency and accuracy. The simulation results show that the developed semi-phenomenological constitutive formalism and cutting model are promising and efficient tools for further investigation of dynamic mechanical and cutting behaviors of particle-reinforced composites with different volume fraction and particle size.