基于混合润滑理论的航空作动器密封性能分析

针对航空作动器不同压力、温度以及作动速度的工作环境,以Trelleborg公司Turcon VL密封为代表,利用混合润滑理论对其性能进行分析,揭示机载工况对航空作动器密封性能的影响规律。建立了基于混合润滑理论的宏观与微观多场耦合模型,包括:考虑空化及流动因子的Reynolds方程油膜模型、Greenwood-Williamson(G-W)的微观接触模型以及Fourier的传热模型。通过有限体积法求解,分析不同压力下宏观接触压力、微观接触压力以及油膜压力分布特点。研究结果表明:随流体压力增大,泄漏量与摩擦力都近似线性增大;在25℃时无泄漏,而温度升高至135℃时产生少许泄漏;随作动速度增大,摩擦力减小但泄漏量增大。      

微量润滑条件下铣削速度对油雾浓度的影响分析

微量润滑（Minimum quantity lubrication, MQL）切削是现代机加工领域一种先进的准干式切削技术,但微量润滑切削过程中产生的切削油雾仍会影响切削现场的环境空气质量,危害切削场所人员的健康。应用重量分析法对切削现场油雾浓度进行检测,分析了润滑油用量、供气压力、喷射靶距、射流温度等不同微量润滑系统参数下铣削速度对切削现场油雾浓度的影响规律。研究结果表明,随着铣削速度的增大,油雾颗粒与高转速刀具发生激烈碰撞形成二次雾化,造成切削现场油雾浓度PM10与PM2.5均相应增大,但微量润滑系统参数不同,PM10与PM2.5随铣削速度的变化规律亦不相同。     

Novel design and simulation of curved blade oil scoop with high oil capture efficiency

As the load and working environment temperature increasing, high efficiency oil lubrication was urgently needed for the main bearing of aeroengine. However, the low oil capture efficiency of radial oil scoop affects the application of under-race lubrication structure with radial oil collection. In this work, a novel design of curved blade oil scoop for under-race lubrication is proposed to improve the oil capture efficiency. First of all, the principle of relative velocity optimization is proposed by analyzing the collision process between blade and oil jet for theoretical research. Then, the theoretical curve equations of blade inlet under three different oil jet incidence conditions are solved. After that, the monotonicity of the theoretical curves is analyzed. The effects of rotation speed, oil jet velocity, eccentric distance of oil jet, and include angle of curve are analyzed. The location of the collision points of proposed theoretical curves are also been optimized. Finally, a transient Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the novel oil scoop design was carried out. The simulation results show that the capture efficiency of curved blade oil scoop can be improved by 30% comparing to the traditional design.     

Minimum quantity lubrication machining of aeronautical materials using carbon group nanolubricant: From mechanisms to application

It is an inevitable trend of sustainable manufacturing to replace flood and dry machining with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technology. Nevertheless, for aeronautical difficult-to-machine materials, MQL couldn’t meet the high demand of cooling and lubrication due to high heat generation during machining. Nano-biolubricants, especially non-toxic carbon group nano-enhancers (CGNs) are used, can solve this technical bottleneck. However, the machining mechanisms under lubrication of CGNs are unclear at complex interface between tool and workpiece, which characterized by high temperature, pressure, and speed, limited its application in factories and necessitates in-depth understanding. To fill this gap, this study concentrates on the comprehensive quantitative assessment of tribological characteristics based on force, tool wear, chip, and surface integrity in titanium alloy and nickel alloy machining and attempts to answer mechanisms systematically. First, to establish evaluation standard, the cutting mechanisms and performance improvement behavior covering antifriction, antiwear, tool failure, material removal, and surface formation of MQL were revealed. Second, the unique film formation and lubrication behaviors of CGNs in MQL turning, milling, and grinding are concluded. The influence law of molecular structure and micromorphology of CGNs was also answered and optimized options were recommended by considering diverse boundary conditions. Finally, in view of CGNs limitations in MQL, the future development direction is proposed, which needs to be improved in thermal stability of lubricant, activity of CGNs, controllable atomization and transportation methods, and intelligent formation of processing technology solutions.     

摩擦学系统的系统工程及其航天应用

空间摩擦学问题已成为影响航天器精度、寿命和可靠性增长需求的关键因素之一。本文从摩擦学的三个公理出发并基于此理论,分析航天器所处环境工况下的润滑问题、微动-摩擦学行为耦合作用现象以及摩擦-电学行为耦合问题,并分析与其相对应的摩擦学系统设计需求。根据需求建立面向航天器的摩擦学系统设计思路,通过摩擦学系统设计知识库的建立和管理,运用摩擦学的三个公理,在求解过程中引入专家判定系统,实现考虑摩擦学行为的系统依赖性、时变依赖性与多学科、跨学科性的摩擦学系统设计。     

滑油综合性能试验器滑油浑浊故障分析

对滑油附件综合性能试验器滑油浑浊故障原因进行了分析,通过定性、定量、模拟比对试验,找出了滑油附件综合性能试验器滑油浑浊故障成因。     

航空齿轮泵滑动轴承接触状态流体润滑特性

针对航空齿轮泵处于高负荷状态齿轮轴-轴瓦润滑间隙的润滑问题,将CFD仿真与齿轮轴刚性模型相结合实现了基于CFD径向运动分析的瞬时润滑计算。得到了齿轮泵瞬态场影响下的齿轮轴径向微动情况,在此基础上基于轴承三维热流体润滑计算模型和微凸体接触模型实现了对润滑油膜在高偏心接触状态的特性分析。结果表明:齿轮泵CFD仿真结果与试验结果的误差小于10%,而仿真得到的内流场的瞬变性将通过改变齿轮轴所受径向载荷的波动形状从而影响到轴承的润滑特性。通过对轴承润滑模型的数值计算发现:相比于非接触状态,轴承处于高偏心接触状态时介质的高温、低黏现象加剧。     

乏油条件下直升机传动系统弧齿锥齿轮的瞬态温度场

基于传热学及摩擦学原理,建立了弹流润滑和边界润滑有机结合的啮合齿面摩擦热的数学模型以及乏油润滑条件下瞬态温度场的计算方法。给出了瞬态温度场分布云图以及温度时间变化曲线,并分析功率、转速对瞬态温度场的影响。结果表明：在5 min的乏油润滑过程中,主动轮在功率从866 kW增至2 000 kW时,其最大温度升高了657 ℃,而在转速从5 000 r/min增至20 000 r/min时其最大温度降低了8502 ℃。该研究结果为无油润滑条件下直升机主减速器弧齿锥齿轮的最佳侧隙设计奠定了基础。     

一起主滑油泵消沫网出现金属异物的故障分析

针对某型发动机主滑油泵消沫网出现金属块异物这一故障,对滑油系统油路、金属块来源、保险锁爪断爪原因进行分析,提出了避免锁爪断裂的改进措施。     

某型发动机润滑供油系统流量仿真分析

为加快某型发动机的研制进度,保证其可靠工作,以现有发动机成熟润滑系统为基础进行润滑系统改进设计.为评估供油系统工作情况,利用英国流体系统仿真软件Flowmaster对供油系统进行部件级和系统级流量仿真分析.重点对系统中调压活门和调压差活门的溢流特性、压力与流量的关系进行仿真分析,得到满足系统循环量要求的调节量,根据仿真结果对系统各处喷嘴和节流嘴尺寸提出改进建议,包括调整前轴承腔8处喷嘴尺寸和附件机匣节流嘴尺寸等.