定子匝间短路时双馈异步发电机电磁转矩的研究

定子绕组匝间短路故障会引起双馈异步发电机气隙磁场的畸变,从而导致电磁转矩的变化,因此电磁转矩可作为故障特征之一。基于能量法分析定子绕组匝间短路故障前后电磁转矩的变化特征,建立了双馈异步发电机的多回路数学模型,并对其正常和不同程度匝间短路时的电磁转矩进行仿真计算。对仿真结果进行频谱分析,得到了定子绕组匝间短路故障前后电磁转矩谐波分量的变化规律,验证了理论分析的正确性。定子绕组匝间短路故障和电磁转矩的关联特征可以作为诊断定子绕组匝间短路故障的依据。     

双馈感应发电机机侧变换器直接功率控制策略比较研究

对双馈感应发电机(DFIG)的两种直接功率控制(DPC)策略进行比较研究。根据DFIG的数学模型,导出对DFIG进行DPC的统一控制模型;首先设计基于滞环比较器的直接功率控制(HCDPC)策略,采用开关型滞环控制器,直接实现定子有功功率和无功功率的解耦控制;其次将SVM技术应用于DPC,提出SVMDPC策略,根据DFIG定子有功、无功功率偏差,采用PI调节器,直接实现定子有功、无功功率的解耦控制;最后对两种DPC策略进行试验研究,验证了两种DPC策略的正确性和可行性,并对其控制性能进行了对比评估。     

基于专家控制器的电动汽车感应电机弱磁区优化控制研究

由于感应电机驱动系统采用数字控制器和脉宽调制输出会伴随着数字延迟的问题,加之参数可能存在的扰动,使得传统的间接磁场定向控制方法在感应电机高速弱磁区的控制性能降低。针对此问题,提出了一种基于专家控制器和模糊推理机制的感应电机弱磁区优化控制策略。考虑到传统间接磁场定向控制中电流调节器在弱磁区若没有获得适合的电流参考指令,则可能会产生高频振荡乃至失稳。因此,在传统方法的基础上将转速闭环输出的电流参考先送入到专家控制器,专家控制器基于数据库和模糊推理,对电流参考进行修正,其中模糊推理机制基于简单的高斯函数逻辑实现。最后,构建了感应电机驱动试验平台,开展了电机在弱磁区的高速驱动试验,试验结果验证了新型控制策略的有效性。     

Minimizing airfoil drag at low angles of attack with DBD-based turbulent drag reduction methods

Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) based turbulent drag reduction methods are used to reduce the total drag on a NACA 0012 airfoil at low angels of attack. The interaction of DBD with turbulent boundary layer was investigated, based on which the drag reduction experiments were conducted. The results show that unidirectional steady discharge is more effective than oscillating discharge in terms of drag reduction, while steady impinging discharge fails to finish the mission (i.e. drag increase). In the best scenario, a maximum relative drag reduction as high as 64 % is achieved at the freestream velocity of 5 m/s, and a drag reduction of 13.7 % keeps existing at the freestream velocity of 20 m/s. For unidirectional discharge, the jet velocity ratio and the dimensionless actuator spacing are the two key parameters affecting the effectiveness. The drag reduction magnitude varies inversely with the dimensionless spacing, and a threshold value of the dimensionless actuator spacing of 540 (approximately five times of the low-speed streak spacing) exists, above which the drag increases. When the jet velocity ratio smaller than 0.05, marginal drag variation is observed. In contrast, when the jet velocity ratio larger than 0.05, the experimental data bifurcates, one into the drag increase zone and the other into the drag reduction zone, depending on the value of dimensionless actuator spacing. In both zones, the drag variation magnitude increases with the jet velocity ratio. The total drag reduction can be divided into the reduction in pressure drag and turbulent friction drag, as well as the increase in friction drag brought by transition promotion. The reduction in turbulent friction drag plays an important role in the total drag reduction.     

中介机匣支柱尾迹效应诱发的高压压气机进口导叶共振现象在多级环境下的数值研究

为了解决某型燃气轮机高压压气机在进行数个小时试验后出现的悬臂式进口导叶断裂故障,以中介机匣与高压压气机进口级作为研究对象,采用约化方法在故障发生工况下进行了非定常数值模拟,得到了该工况下中介机匣内部的流场演化情况与作用在进口导叶叶身上的非定常气动力变化规律,结合叶片模态分析,对引起进口导叶疲劳断裂的原因进行了研究。结果表明：中介机匣支柱的尾迹效应是进口导叶受到周期性激励的主要原因。在故障发生工况下,钝体支柱流动尾迹的周期性激励频率与叶片自身一阶固有频率接近,导致高压压气机进口导叶产生共振,从而引起了叶片的疲劳断裂。     

基于响应曲面法的成型CBN砂轮高频感应钎焊温度均匀性研究

成型砂轮在高频感应钎焊过程中存在温度分布不均匀导致钎焊质量无法满足使用要求，这是长期困扰超硬磨料砂轮高频感应钎焊技术的难题。针对该问题，提出温度均匀性的表征方法，以温度均匀度和平均温度为响应值，基于有限元仿真数据获得了响应曲面法模型。基于该模型，采用方差分析成型砂轮感应钎焊温度均匀性的影响因素显著程度由大到小依次为加热间隙、感应电流、导磁体长度。以平均温度值和温度均匀度为优化目标，基于响应曲面法优化线圈结构和工艺参数，开展了感应加热试验，证明响应曲面法模型优化结果的误差在6.94%以内。高频感应钎焊的成型立方氮化硼（cubic boron nitride，CBN）砂轮宏观形貌显示，钎料在成型面各处铺展的一致性好，表明钎焊过程中在成型面的温度分布具有较好的均匀性。     

Application of immersed boundary method in turbomachines

Simulating unsteady turbulent flow in turbomachines is still challenging due to the complexity of blade geometry and relative motion between rotor and stator. This study presents an Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) for high-Reynolds turbomachinery internal flows, and shows the advantage of the automatic grid generation techniques and flexible moving boundary treatments. The wall functions are used in the present method to alleviate the wall resolution restriction of turbulence simulation. The Two-Dimensional (2-D) IBM solver, which was previously developed and tested for a low-speed compressor, is further validated for a well-documented Low-Pressure Turbine (LPT) cascade. Both the blade loading and the total pressure losses in the wake are well captured by the present 2-D solver. The complex Three-Dimensional (3-D) effects in turbomachines motivate the further development of an extended 3-D IBM solver by using a curvilinear-coordinate system that facilitates the hub and casing boundary treatment. The good performance of the 3-D solver is demonstrated through comparison with CFX solver solutions for the rotor configuration of Advanced Noise Control Fan (ANCF). Further effects of the grid resolution on capturing the blade wake are discussed. The results indicate that the present 3-D solver is capable of reproducing the evolution of the blade wake with suitable computational grid.