燃气轮机转子动力特性分析的旋转对称有限元模型

本文给出了燃气轮机转子临界转速和不平衡响应计算分析的旋转对称有限元模型,付立叶级数的引入可以使得三维转子只在一个基础扇区上使用三维单元建立有限元模型。与梁单元相比,实体单元能准确描述转子的几何形状。文中给出了一个验证性算例和一个工程实例。      

纤维缠绕结构的一种可靠性优化设计方法研究

将纽曼级数展开的蒙特卡罗随机有限元应用于具有随机因素的纤维缠绕结构的应力求解;然后利用蒙特卡罗直接比较法和蔡希布（Ｔｓａｉ－Ｈｉｌｌ）失效判据给出该结构的可靠性算式,最后建立了此类结构的可靠性优化设计迭代法,并给出了一算例。     

基于支持向量机的航空发动机滑油监控分析

提出了一种基于支持向量机的航空发动机滑油金属含量预测方法。详细分析了支持向量机用于时间序列预测的理论基础,并给出了运用支持向量回归进行多步预测的一般公式,提出了用最终预报误差(FPE)准则优化选取嵌入维数。与传统的AR预测模型相比,支持向量机由于采用了新型的结构风险最小化准则表现出优秀的推广能力。经过数值仿真得出自回归(AR)模型仅适合于短期预测;支持向量机预测推广能力强、具有较强的鲁棒性和容错性,对较长区间预测仍具有较好的效果。最后,将其应用于某型发动机滑油的铁金属含量预测,取得了较好的效果。      

CHAMP卫星加速度计标校参数序列的谱分析

给出了利用能量守恒方法求定CHAMP卫星加速度计标校参数的基本原理和算法．对2001年8月-2003年12月共约两年半的CHAMP卫星加速度计数据进行了标校,导出了尺度、偏差和偏差漂移参数的时间序列,分别采用最小二乘谱分析和抗差谱分析对这些时间序列进行了分析．结果表明,尺度、偏差和偏差漂移参数都有明显的周期变化,但各主周期项略有差异．尺度的主周期是441d、220d、126d和13．4d的周期变化,其中220d和441d的周期变化的贡献相对较大．偏差中有明显的220d、126d和13．4d周期变化,各周期变化的贡献几乎相当;偏差漂移的主周期是220d、13．4d和9d的周期变化,其中13．4d的周期变化最为显著,几乎比其他周期项变化高出一个数量级．另外尺度和偏差参数还有明显的长期变化,而偏差漂移参数的长期变化不明显．     

Shaping low-thrust trajectories with thrust-handling feature

Shape-based methods are becoming popular in low-thrust trajectory optimization due to their fast computation speeds. In existing shape-based methods constraints are treated at the acceleration level but not at the thrust level. These two constraint types are not equivalent since spacecraft mass decreases over time as fuel is expended. This paper develops a shape-based method based on a Fourier series approximation that is capable of representing trajectories defined in spherical coordinates and that enforces thrust constraints. An objective function can be incorporated to minimize overall mission cost, i.e., achieve minimum $\mathrm{\Delta }V$. A representative mission from Earth to Mars is studied. The proposed Fourier series technique is demonstrated capable of generating feasible and near-optimal trajectories. These attributes can facilitate future low-thrust mission designs where different trajectory alternatives must be rapidly constructed and evaluated.     

柴油机两级VNT混联系统整机效率优化

为提高柴油机的余热回收利用率,提出一种基于可变喷嘴环式涡轮VNT（variable nozzle turbine）技术的两级涡轮混联系统。该系统根据柴油机运行工况,通过控制阀门的开闭来实现混联系统中串联工作模式和并联工作模式的转换。以涡轮的有效直径为参数来表征涡轮的流通能力,利用GT-Power仿真平台研究了两种工作模式下增压涡轮和动力涡轮的流通能力对发动机功率、动力涡轮功率及涡轮增压器性能的影响规律;提出了增压涡轮、动力涡轮与发动机的匹配策略;以系统整机效率最优为目标,针对柴油机不同运行工况进行混联方式的优化控制。结果表明:针对柴油机的不同运行工况,通过两级VNT复合系统混联优化运行方案,能够有效回收柴油机废气能量,额定工况下系统整机效率提高5.1%。      

管道喷涂机器人:结构与位姿调整

针对工业上大型管道内壁喷涂的需求,设计了用于喷涂管道的机器人,该机器人采用串并联结构形式,由支撑平台和串联机械手组成.支撑平台采用几何的方法建立数学模型,串联机械手采用D-H参数法建模;并在数学模型基础上给出了逆解方程.位姿调整时,对机器人进行初定位,利用激光跟踪仪测量出管道和机器人的位姿,求解出调整量,对机器人进行位姿调整,使喷枪旋转轴和管道轴线重合.管道喷涂机器人在工厂进行试验测试,测试结果表明该装备可以很好地实现管道的喷涂,提高喷涂质量和效率.      

The Big Pine Creek watershed and climate change: A trend analysis of Landsat surface reflectance and PRISM datasets over the last 3 decades

Recent variations in normal meteorological conditions indicate the earth’s climate is changing in ways that may impact delicate ecological balances in sensitive regions. Identifying how those changes are affecting the biosphere is essential if we are going to be able to adapt to those changes and to potentially mitigate their harmful consequences. This paper presents a time series study of an alpine ecosystem in the Big Pine Creek watershed in California’s Eastern Sierra Nevada Mountain’s. Raw Landsat data covering the years 1984 through 2011 is converted to observed surface reflectance and analyzed for trends that would indicate a change in the ecosystem. We found that over the time period of the study, observed surface reflectance shows a general decline across the spectrum while our analysis of environmental data demonstrates statistically significant increases in temperatures. While declining reflectance in the visible and short wave bands are indicators of increased surface cover, the fact that the IR band also shows declines is consistent with a decline in tree density. This study provides a useful insight into the ecological response of the Big Pine Creek watershed to recent climate change. These findings suggest that alpine ecosystems are particularly sensitive to increasing temperatures. If these results are replicated in other alpine watersheds it will demonstrate that the biosphere is already showing the effects of a warmer environment.     

悬停状态旋翼固定尾迹分析中三角级数的应用

为了在固定尾迹分析中更好地描述桨叶附着涡环量分布,结合叶素理论,采用一个三角级数表达附着涡环量的连续分布,并应用于悬停状态下单旋翼和共轴双旋翼的气动特性分析,通过小量计算即获得连续光滑的附着涡环量分布,将其应用到推导的公式中计算出连续分布的诱导速度,进而分析了共轴双旋翼上下旋翼气动干扰及扭矩平衡条件.计算结果与实验结果进行了比较分析,验证了该方法的有效性,并得出结论:下旋翼总距变化对上旋翼诱导作用影响微小,但对自身诱导作用明显;当上下旋翼扭矩平衡时,下旋翼总距比上旋翼总距约大1°.