Equatorial F-region vertical ion drifts during quiet solar maximum

Median values of ionosonde h′F data acquired at Ibadan (Geographic:7.4°N, 3.9°E, Magnetic: dip 6°S, and magnetic declination, 3°W), Nigeria, West Africa, have been used to determine vertical ion drift (electric field) characteristics in the postsunset ionosphere in the African region during a time of high solar activity (average F_10.7 −208). The database spans from January and December 1958 during the era of International Geophysical Year (IGY) for geomagnetic quiet conditions. Bimonthly averaged diurnal variations patterns are very similar, but differ significantly in magnitude and in the evening reversal times. Also, monthly variations of F-region vertical ion drift reversal times inferred from the time of h′F maximum indicates early reversal during equinoxes and December solstice months except for the month of April. Late reversal is observed during the June solstice months. The equatorial evening prereversal enhancement in vertical ion drift (V_zp) occurs largely near 1900 LT with typical values 20–45 m/s. Comparison of Ibadan ionosonde V_zp with the values of prereversal peak velocity reported for Jicamarca (South America), Kodaikanal (India), and Scherliess and Fejer global model show considerable disparity. The changes of postsunset peak in virtual height of F-layer (h′F_P) with prereversal velocity peak V_zp are anti-correlated. Investigation of solar effects on monthly values of V_zp and h′F_P revealed that these parameters are independent of monthly averaged solar flux intensity during quiet-time sunspot maximum conditions.     

未来太空气象预报系统一瞥

文章从几个方面对太空气象预报系统进行了简单的介绍,包括:当前太空气象预报系统的水平;模板预报方案实施细则;实施模板方案的难度与可行性。作者关心我国对太空气象预报系统的研究,为进一步降低航天器发射风险、提高航天器运行可靠性而献计献策。     

影响螺旋桨式无人机安全发射的诸因素

根据无人机的零长发射原理,通过多个型号的发射仿真计算和发射试验分析,详细探讨了影响无人机安全发射的固有参数和外部参数,总结出影响螺桨式无人机安全发射的主要因素有：单发螺旋桨的反扭矩,火箭推力线相对重心的位置,火箭安装角,机体发射角,舵机死区及发射环境等。最后,以发射安全高度、速度、过载为约束条件,给出了火箭总冲、推力线位置、火箭安装角、机体发射角、发射风向和风速等参数的确定方法,该方法对保证无人机     

立式铣刀结构参数分析与加工仿真研究

航空航天领域大量使用的薄壁叶片等复杂曲面零件,多采用立式铣削方法加工制造。增大刀具与工件接触可以提高加工效率,但刀具的结构参数对铣削质量影响较大。建立铣削力学模型,对立式铣削加工进行分析,确定铣削加工过程中的主要影响因素是铣刀螺旋角、铣刀直径和铣刀刃数。采用AdvantEdge FEM软件,以单变量因素进行铣削有限元仿真,分析铣削力、加工形变、应力应变等影响。结果表明:铣刀螺旋角增大,铣刀半径增加,铣刀刃数增加,可有效地改善刀具应力和形变,增强刀具振动的稳定性,提高加工质量。     

热发射过程中发射箱蒙皮力学性能损伤与试验研究

文中选择大、中、小3种典型结构尺寸的发射箱,利用计算流体动力学（Computational fluid dynamics,CFD）仿真软件Fluent对发射箱蒙皮表面在导弹发射过程中的力、热环境进行了仿真分析。以铝合金材料为例,对发射箱蒙皮材料在燃气流环境中力学性能损伤情况进行了烧蚀试验研究。研究结果表明,随着烧蚀时间延长,铝合金材料力学性能损伤存在一个突变点,在1.5 s内下降不明显,但是当烧蚀时间延长至2.0 s时,力学性能急剧下降至0。该研究结果为铝合金发射箱轻量化设计、热防护设计和使用次数设计等提供了数据支撑。     

基于Simulink的小型无人机弹射架性能仿真

建立弹射系统的动态模型,为弹射起飞提供可信度高的分析设计、仿真验证平台。文章以弹力弹射系统为研究对象,建立无人机弹射起飞过程动力学、运动学模型,基于Matlab/Simulink模块,对弹性元件弹力系数、导轨长度、离架速度等参数进行了系统分析。在仿真过程中,通过改变系统的不同参数,得到了这些参数对系统弹射性能的影响规律。合理的匹配这些参数,可使用此系统弹射多种型号的无人机,提高了效率,节省了试验资源和经费。同时为无人机弹射系统优化和设计研发提供了理论依据。     

CK1—M模拟无人机发射装置的研究和分析

CK1—M模拟机系缩比为1/5的模拟无人机,安装在发射装置的滑轨上,并采用固体火箭作为助推器进行发射起飞,以研究分析发射起飞过程中的一些问题。 本文介绍有关CK1—M模拟无人机发射装置的设计、调试和分析的几个问题,包括单发和双发起飞方案中滑轨长度的确定和释放力的选择,以及模拟机离轨瞬时相对滑轨运动的研究和滑轨结构型式的确定等问题。 模拟无人机发射起飞试验证明:有关发射装置的试验记录数据和计算结果具有良好的一致性,这些试验数据和设计方案是可信的,可作为无人机发射装置的设计依据。     

Multi-objective optimization of frequency and damping of vertical stabilizer skin structure placed with variable-angle tows

The vibration characteristics of composite vertical stabilizer skin structures play a critical role in damping effects designed for overcoming the air disturbances experienced by aircraft structural components during flight. The first-order fundamental frequencies and their corresponding damping characteristics of the vertical stabilizer skin structure tow-steered by automatic fiber placement technique were optimized with the parameterized trajectories and plies as design variables. Firstly, the vibration and damping numerical models were derived based on Kirchhoff laminate theory, the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and the Strain Energy Method. Then the optimization model was developed by adopting the self-adaptive Differential Evolution Multi-objective optimization algorithm and incorporating the solution method of Pareto Front. The constraints of this optimization model considered the experimentally obtained minimum turning radius of prepregs tow-steered in automatic fiber placement process obtained from experimental tests. Finally, the comparison of numerical simulation results was conducted for the optimized trajectories and the conventional straight trajectories under various boundary conditions, and the numerical results were partially validated through damping and frequency tests. The results indicate the vibration characteristics of the composite vertical stabilizer skin structure can be enhanced to a large extent by optimizing fiber trajectories, and the enhancement percentage is affected by the boundary conditions of the actual structure.     

In-process adaptive milling for large-scale assembly interfaces of a vertical tail driven by real-time vibration data

Assembly interfaces, the joint surfaces between the vertical tail and rear fuselage of a large aircraft, are thin-wall components. Their machining quality are seriously restricted by the machining vibration. To address this problem, an in-process adaptive milling method is proposed for the large-scale assembly interface driven by real-time machining vibration data. Within this context, the milling operation is first divided into several process steps, and the machining vibration data in each pro...     

Active fault tolerant control for vertical tail damaged aircraft with dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper proposes an active fault-tolerant control strategy for an aircraft with dissim-ilar redundant actuation system (DRAS) that has suffered from vertical tail damage. A damage degree coefficient based on the effective vertical tail area is introduced to parameterize the damaged flight dynamic model. The nonlinear relationship between the damage degree coefficient and the corresponding stability derivatives is considered. Furthermore, the performance degradation of new input channel with electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is also taken into account in the dam-aged flight dynamic model. Based on the accurate damaged flight dynamic model, a composite method of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) integrating model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is proposed to reconfigure the fault-tolerant control law. The numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant control strategy with accurate flight dynamic model. The results also indicate that aircraft with DRAS has better fault-tolerant control ability than the traditional ones when the vertical tail suffers from serious damage.