转静盘腔流动瞬态响应特性研究

以航空发动机转静盘腔内非稳态流动为研究对象,基于用户自定义函数编程设置进口压力按斜坡函数变化时的非稳态边界条件,利用数值模拟方法,在滞后效应、流场演化和物性参数方面,研究了不同无量纲跃升幅值下转静盘腔流动瞬态响应机理。结果表明:无量纲跃升幅值由1.05增至1.2,盘腔内部的当地响应时间延长了81.1%,相对总温的超调量增加了157.0%,其峰值时间增加了31.3%,且进口压力波动的传播方向总是由进口指向出口;瞬态过程中,转静盘腔的容积效应和旋转效应共同作用使出口流量明显滞后进口流量,且其滞留质量流量与相对总温的超调现象密切相关;冲击射流、旋转贴壁射流和静子壁面侧的涡系构成了盘腔流场演化的主体,无量纲跃升幅值越大,流场演化过程越剧烈,响应时间越长;声速和热扩散率与盘腔响应速度密切相关。     

带反馈控制的基本带翼外形的耦合气动/运动数值模拟研究

介绍了一种先进的、时间精度的多学科数值模拟平台的开发和应用,该平台可用于预测飞行器机动过程中的非定常气动特性和飞行力学特性.通过耦合求解非定常Navier-Stokes方程、刚体动力学方程及控制律,对基本带翼外形进行了虚拟飞行数值模拟研究.求解器采用基于结构网格的有限体积法,时间方法采用双时间步方法.使用反馈控制器获得舵偏控制指令,重叠网格方法用来模拟物体间的相对运动.模拟结果显示控制器的增益必须正确选择才能获得正确的响应.仿真结果表明本文发展的虚拟飞行数值模拟方法能够预测包含动边界的复杂非定常流动,具有较强的工程适用性.     

Gust response analysis and wind tunnel test for a high-aspect ratio wing

A theoretical nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis for a flexible high-aspect ratio wing excited by harmonic gust load is presented along with a companion wind tunnel test. A multidisci-plinary coupled numerical calculation is developed to simulate the flexible model wing undergoing gust load in the time domain via discrete nonlinear finite element structural dynamic analysis and nonplanar unsteady vortex lattice aerodynamic computation. A dynamic perturbation analysis about a nonlinear static equilibrium is also used to determine the small perturbation flutter bound-ary. A novel noncontact 3-D camera measurement analysis system is firstly used in the wind tunnel test to obtain the spatial large deformation and responses. The responses of the flexible wing under different static equilibrium states and frequency gust loads are discussed. The fair to good quanti-tative agreements between the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presented analysis method is an acceptable way to predict the geometrically nonlinear gust response for flex-ible wings.     

基于PaSR模型的低旋流燃烧大涡模拟

为了深入理解低旋流流场特征和燃烧稳定性,基于OpenFOAM平台,采用动态k方程模型和有限速率PaSR模型对甲烷/空气预混低旋流燃烧进行了大涡模拟,研究了气流入口速度、当量比和压力等流场参数对流场结构和燃烧非稳态特性的影响,分析了流场大尺度结构与火焰相互作用。结果表明,流场结构和火焰抬升高度受入口速度影响较小,流场和火焰形态能够保持自相似性;随着当量比和压力提高,流场扩张性增强并在燃烧区下游产生回流区,火焰稳定不依赖回流区,根部火焰锋面形状由U形转变为W形,火焰抬升高度降低。火焰锋面稳定在剪切层,剪切层产生的周期性有序涡结构引起当地流场速度脉动和火焰表面褶皱,反映了流场非稳态特性;通过剪切层监测点瞬时轴向速度分析,涡结构特征频率随速度增大而提高,由250Hz提高至300Hz,随当量比和压力提高而降低,由250Hz降低至125Hz。     

扫频式射流对涡轮叶栅间隙泄漏流动影响的数值研究

为控制涡轮叶栅中叶顶间隙泄漏流动和改善涡轮气动性能,将扫频式射流器(SJA)作为一种主动流动控制方法应用在涡轮叶栅的研究中。通过非定常数值计算,分析了SJA对涡轮叶栅叶顶间隙流动的作用过程以及作用机理,并且研究了不同工况下SJA对涡轮叶顶流场改善效果以及不同频率的SJA对叶顶流场的影响。结果表明:通过在涡轮叶栅上端壁增加单个SJA装置,可以有效地延迟上端壁的流动分离,其中最佳方案射流流量仅为进口总流量的0.35%,涡轮叶栅出口截面总压损失系数减少了11.48%。存在着最佳的频率284Hz,使SJA装置对流场的作用效果最佳,有效地改善了涡轮叶栅内的间隙流动。     

Numerical prediction and wind tunnel experiment for a pitching unmanned combat air vehicle

The low-speed flowfield for a generic unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) is investigated both experimentally and numerically. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted with the Boeing 1301 UCAV at a variety of angles of attack up to 70 degrees, both statically and with various frequencies of pitch oscillation (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Hz). In addition, pitching was performed about three longitudinal locations on the configuration (the nose, 35% MAC, and the tail). Solutions to the unsteady, laminar, compressible Navier–Stokes equations were obtained on an unstructured mesh to match results from the static and dynamic experiments. The computational results are compared with experimental results for both static and pitching cases. Details about the flowfield, including vortex formation and interaction, are shown and discussed, including the non-linear aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle.     

Lift coefficient prediction at high angle of attack using recurrent neural network

In this paper, identification of dynamic stall effect of rotor blade is considered. Recurrent Neural Networks have the ability to identify the nonlinear dynamical systems from training data. This paper describes the use of recurrent neural networks for predicting the coefficient of lift (C_Z) at high angle of attack. In our approach, the coefficient of lift (C_Z) obtained from the experimental results (wind tunnel data) at different mean angle of attack θ_mean is used to train the recurrent neural network. Then the recurrent neural network prediction is compared with experimental ONERA OA212 airfoil data. The time and space complexity required to predict C_Z in the proposed method is less and it is easy to incorporate in any commercially available rotor code.     

机载蒸发循环系统结构的稳健性研究

机载蒸发循环系统结构的疲劳寿命易受外界和内部环境的影响,导致无法满足设计要求。采用随机有限元法,参照设计变量和随机变量的变异性,建立机载蒸发循环系统结构疲劳寿命稳健性优化的数学模型;通过引入权因子α,将稳健性优化问题转化为结构疲劳寿命均值和标准差的双目标优化问题。结果表明:合理设置疲劳寿命均值和标准差的权因子,可有效降低设计变量和随机变量对变异的敏感性,进而提高机载蒸发循环系统结构疲劳寿命的稳健性。     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on the lateral-directional departure prediction and restraint

The experimental data obtained from yaw-roll coupled wind tunnel tests are used for lateral-directional departure prediction, by linearizing the_b model to extract nominal dynamic derivatives at each coupling ratio.The prediction results are compared with those of the existing engineering methods which are based on the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.The comparison shows that the yaw-roll coupling ratio has a great influence on the departure susceptibility.The departure resistance will loss in partial region of the coupling ratio when the angle of attack is higher than a critical value.According to the stable and unstable regions of coupling ratio, a two-segment stability augmentation system with two different feedback gain matrices is obtained by pole-placement method.The two-segment stability augmentation system is used in the simulations of straight and level flight, steady turn, spin recovery and Herbst maneuver.The simulation results are also compared with the applications of a fixed-gain stability augmentation system designed by the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.When the yaw-roll coupling effects are fully considered, the two-segment stability augmentation system is more effective for departure restraint and can provide a better flying quality with less control energy.     

Computational engineering analysis of external geometrical modifications on MQ-1 unmanned combat aerial vehicle

This paper focuses on the effects of external geometrical modifications on the aerodynamic characteristics of the MQ-1 predator Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) using computational fluid dynamics. The investigations are performed for 16 flight conditions at an altitude of 7.6 km and at a constant speed of 56.32 m/s. Two models are analysed, namely the baseline model and the model with external geometrical modifications installed on it. Both the models are investigated for various angles of attack from −4° to 16°, angles of bank from 0° to 6° and angles of yaw from 0° to 4°. Due to the unavailability of any experimental (wind tunnel or flight test) data for this UCAV in the literature, a thorough verification of calculations process is presented to demonstrate confidence level in the numerical simulations. The analysis quantifies the loss of lift and increase in drag for the modified version of the MQ-1 predator UCAV along with the identification of stall conditions. Local improvement (in drag) of up to 96% has been obtained by relocating external modifications, whereas global drag force reduction of roughly 0.5% is observed. The effects of external geometrical modifications on the control surfaces indicate the blanking phenomenon and reduction in forces on the control surfaces that can reduce the aerodynamic performance of the UCAV.