带翼梢外挂的CK1机翼颤振分析

本文根据颤振运动方程,应用v～g参数法和非定常气动力的偶极子格网法计算了CK1机翼翼尖带外挂物红外器时的颤振,分析了翼尖外挂物对机翼颤振的影响,确定翼尖外挂有利的配置方案.计算结果表明CK1机翼的颤振对梢部的重量分布是敏感的,红外器的弦向位置及翼尖配重布置得当,则可提高颤振速度,否则也可降低颤振速度。     

高超声速气动试验的新进展

本文报导了1992年7月在美国纳希维尔召开的 AIAA 第17届航空航天地面试验会议的概况。简要地介绍了讨论航空航天地面试验面临的技术挑战,CFD 和地面试验的相互作用,美国气动力学与气动热力学研究的未来等三个大会报告的内容。介绍了在会议报告中叙述的对高超声速气动试验的新要求和自由飞弹道靶、 脉冲风洞、稀薄气体设备、电弧加热器的新进展。最后,对我国高超声速气动试验的发展提出了建议。     

五元素风帆的试验研究

用正交试验与系列试验相结合的方法,研究了五元素风帆的气动特性及其各参数之间的最佳配合问題。设计的4个五元素风帆,均是由3个固定小翼、2个活动小翼及上下两块制流板所组成,但小翼的形状及分布曲线不同。 通过风洞试验,得到了各个风帆攻角与两个活动小翼转角之间的最佳配合,并对各帆的气动特性作了比较。试验结果表明,在最佳配合状态下,4个帆的升力系数可分别达到2.64、2.87、2.69和2.08,均比常规帆有较大的增长;而且,只要打开活动小翼,就能释放大部分风能,从而保证船舶在大风中的安全,这些帆的结构并不复杂,是具有广泛应用前景的高效帆具。     

1．2m和0．6m高速风洞飞机大攻角测力试验数据相关性研究

介绍飞机大攻角标模在高速所１．２ｍ和０．６ｍ风洞中进行大攻角测力试验研究所得数据与国外２．５ｍ和０．６ｍ风洞所得数据的相关研究情况。相关性研究的试验Ｍ数均为０．３５～０．８；两座０．６ｍ风洞试验攻角为０～２９°；侧滑角高速所为５°，国外为５°、１０°。１．２ｍ和２．５ｍ风洞的试验攻角为－３～４８°；侧滑角为５°、１０°。研究表明，该飞机模型在这四座风洞中吹风试验数据的相关性是好的。     

天空飞行与地面风洞实验动态气动相关中的雷诺数影响

近10余年来,在3个动态气动专题领域内,地面风洞自由飞实验与对应的天空飞行器的绕流雷诺数虽然相差1~2个量级,但风洞自由飞实验结果多次预测或再现了天空飞行器出现的对飞行安全、飞行性能产生严重影响、其它地面风洞实验方法难以预测或再现的这3个专题领域内的动态气动特性,这至少为3个专题领域内天地动态气动相关中的雷诺数影响,提供了一个新的理解。     

Abnormal changes of dynamic derivatives at low reduced frequencies

A number of studies have found that abnormal changes of dynamic derivatives occurred at very low reduced frequencies, but its inducement mechanism is not very clear. This paper has researched the abnormal changes and analyzed the influence on some parameters by solving the unsteady flow around forced oscillation airfoils based on Navier-Stokes equations. Results indicate that when the reduced frequency approaches to zero, the dynamic derivatives obtained by the numerical method will diverge. We have also proven it in theory that this phenomenon is not physical but completely caused by numerical singularity. Furthermore, the abnormal phenomenon can be effectively mitigated by using the time spectral method to solve the aerodynamic forces and the integral method to obtain the dynamic derivatives. When the reduced frequency is in the range of 0.001–0.01, the dynamic derivative maintains nearly unchanged for the whole speed region. This study can provide a reference for the reasonable choice of the reduced frequency in calculations and experiments of dynamic derivatives.     

转静盘腔流动瞬态响应特性研究

以航空发动机转静盘腔内非稳态流动为研究对象,基于用户自定义函数编程设置进口压力按斜坡函数变化时的非稳态边界条件,利用数值模拟方法,在滞后效应、流场演化和物性参数方面,研究了不同无量纲跃升幅值下转静盘腔流动瞬态响应机理。结果表明:无量纲跃升幅值由1.05增至1.2,盘腔内部的当地响应时间延长了81.1%,相对总温的超调量增加了157.0%,其峰值时间增加了31.3%,且进口压力波动的传播方向总是由进口指向出口;瞬态过程中,转静盘腔的容积效应和旋转效应共同作用使出口流量明显滞后进口流量,且其滞留质量流量与相对总温的超调现象密切相关;冲击射流、旋转贴壁射流和静子壁面侧的涡系构成了盘腔流场演化的主体,无量纲跃升幅值越大,流场演化过程越剧烈,响应时间越长;声速和热扩散率与盘腔响应速度密切相关。     

HB-2 high-velocity correlation model at high angles of attack in supersonic wind tunnel tests

Responding to a need for experimental data on a standard wind tunnel model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, and in the absence of suitable reference data, a series of tests of two HB-2 standard models of different sizes was performed in the T-38 trisonic wind tunnel of Vojnotehnickˇi Institut(VTI), in the Mach number range 1.5–4.0, at angles of attack up to+30°. Tests were performed at relatively high Reynolds numbers of 2.2 millions to 4.5 millions(based on model forebody diameter). Results were compared with available low angle of attack data from other facilities, and, as a good agreement was found, it was assumed that, by implication, the obtained high angle of attack results were valid as well. Therefore, the results can be used as a reference database for the HB-2 model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, which was not available before. The results are presented in comparison with available reference data, but also contain data for some Mach numbers not given in other publications.     

带反馈控制的基本带翼外形的耦合气动/运动数值模拟研究

介绍了一种先进的、时间精度的多学科数值模拟平台的开发和应用,该平台可用于预测飞行器机动过程中的非定常气动特性和飞行力学特性.通过耦合求解非定常Navier-Stokes方程、刚体动力学方程及控制律,对基本带翼外形进行了虚拟飞行数值模拟研究.求解器采用基于结构网格的有限体积法,时间方法采用双时间步方法.使用反馈控制器获得舵偏控制指令,重叠网格方法用来模拟物体间的相对运动.模拟结果显示控制器的增益必须正确选择才能获得正确的响应.仿真结果表明本文发展的虚拟飞行数值模拟方法能够预测包含动边界的复杂非定常流动,具有较强的工程适用性.     

Gust response analysis and wind tunnel test for a high-aspect ratio wing

A theoretical nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis for a flexible high-aspect ratio wing excited by harmonic gust load is presented along with a companion wind tunnel test. A multidisci-plinary coupled numerical calculation is developed to simulate the flexible model wing undergoing gust load in the time domain via discrete nonlinear finite element structural dynamic analysis and nonplanar unsteady vortex lattice aerodynamic computation. A dynamic perturbation analysis about a nonlinear static equilibrium is also used to determine the small perturbation flutter bound-ary. A novel noncontact 3-D camera measurement analysis system is firstly used in the wind tunnel test to obtain the spatial large deformation and responses. The responses of the flexible wing under different static equilibrium states and frequency gust loads are discussed. The fair to good quanti-tative agreements between the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presented analysis method is an acceptable way to predict the geometrically nonlinear gust response for flex-ible wings.