离心力场下扩散射流火焰的特性

以直段空腔和弯曲空腔为研究对象,在相同的初始条件下试验了两者之间火焰传播的特性,研究了强离心力条件下的扩散射流火焰特性.通过比较分析,在弯曲空腔中离心力场的影响下,扩散射流火焰受到浮升力的作用,以焰泡迁移的方式在主流中传播,加快了火焰传播速度,削弱了横向气流的干扰作用,使扩散射流火焰顺利地与空气掺混反应,增加了其在横向气流中的穿透深度.      

高温升火焰筒壁面及头部复合冷却设计分析

某燃烧室火焰筒壁面采用冲击＋逆向对流＋气膜冷却技术，火焰筒头部采用冲击＋对流冷却技术。本文通过计算并与试验结果对比分析表明：该火焰筒的冷却设计基本合理、可行，经进一步的改进和完善后。可作为高温升燃烧室火焰筒的优选设计方案之一。     

凹腔火焰稳定器阻力特性的实验研究

在超燃冲压发动机直连式实验中,模拟马赫数1.92、静温509K、静压86.6kPa来流,采用等截面燃烧室构型,利用推力测量系统对不同结构尺寸的开式凹腔火焰稳定器的冷流阻力和热试阻力进行了研究。通过对深度分别为10,15,20mm,长深比4~10,后壁倾斜角18°~60°的凹腔火焰稳定器的冷流阻力比较,实验表明凹腔火焰稳定器的冷流阻力与凹腔深度成正比;也与凹腔长深比成正比;并随后壁倾斜角的增大先减小后增大,在30°~60°范围内应存在一个角度使得冷流阻力最小。实验还以氢气为燃料,利用火花塞点火器进行点火,在燃烧模态下对不同喷注位置、不同当量比时的凹腔火焰稳定器阻力特性进行了对比,结果表明凹腔火焰稳定器的热试阻力比冷流阻力小,且受燃料喷注方式的影响较大;在实际超燃冲压发动机工况下,凹腔火焰稳定器的阻力随着当量比的增加而减小,并最终会表现为正推力。     

单管火焰筒内燃烧过程的反应动力学数值模拟

为了建立航空煤油替代燃料的反应机理,并对航空发动机燃烧过程进行详细反应动力学研究,选用正癸烷作为航空煤油的替代燃料,建立了该替代燃料的化学反应详细机理与简化机理。分别采用详细机理与简化机理对正癸烷在激波管中的着火过程、在预混燃烧炉内的燃烧过程进行了数值计算,并与实验结果进行了对比分析。同时,耦合该简化机理与CFD计算软件Fluent,对某单管火焰筒内燃烧过程、排放物及活性中间组分的生成规律进行了详细分析,并与采用C12H23为燃料的单步总包反应机理的计算结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,采用简化机理计算得到的着火延迟时间、反应物与各主要生成物摩尔分数的整体变化趋势与实验数据吻合较好;与采用C12H23为燃料的单步反应机理相比,采用正癸烷为替代燃料的简化反应机理能更好地对单管火焰筒的燃烧与排放特性进行详细的动力学分析。     

Experimental Study on Emission Performance of an LPP/TVC

A key issue in the commercial aircraft engine design is environmental acceptability, and designers are continually challenged to reduce emissions. In this paper, an experimental investigation is performed to evaluate the emission performance of a liquid-fueled trapped vortex combustor (TVC) under lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) mode. When operating as an LPP system, a TVC is fueled both in the cavities and in the main stream. The correlations between the emission performance and the total excess air ratio, the positions (4 positions) of the fuel injectors in the main stream, and the inlet temperature are obtained. Experi- mental results show that both the volume concentrations of unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) and NOx (NO, NO2 usually grouped together as NOx) increase with the increase of total excess air ratio from 1.5 to 3.0; the emission performance relies heavily on the position of the main stream injector, and the best performance is achieved at Position 4 in the experiments; the increase of the inlet temperature impacts on the emission performance positively; the smallest volume concentrations of UHC and NOx obtained in the experiment are 94×10 6 and 2.3×10 6 respectively. This paper validates the feasibility of low emissions for an LPP/TVC and provides a reference for further optimization of TVCs.     

Identification of a 2D turbulent wind spectrum

Turbulent wind spectrum models usually involve nonrational terms. For such models the development of a Markovian time simulator relies on a rational approximation obtained by the way of an identification stage. This paper presents a general method to manage this identification stage, that provides us with a family of stable rational approximations which is proved to converge towards the true model as the dimension increases. We first give an exact but infinite dimensional state space representation of the spectrum. It is based on the use of a diffusive equation. For bi-dimensional (2D) signals it also uses decoupling by spatial Fourier transformation. Then the discretization of this exact model leads easily to stable finite dimensional approximations over a prescribed frequency range. This approach is applied to the identification of a theoretical 2D turbulent wind spectrum, and of a 1D turbulent wind spectrum estimated from in flight recorded data.     

非像面散斑法层析火焰折射率场分布

本文通过理论分析给出了激光束通过火焰后的偏转角与折射率的关系，并给出了透镜后非像面散斑与火焰周围介质折射率场的关系表达式。用双曝光散斑法层析了火焰上不同截面的折射率分布。给出实验结果，并予以讨论。     

气-气推进剂氧喷嘴出口型面对特征效率的影响

通过对气氢/气氧为推进剂的同轴剪切喷嘴进行研究,分析同轴剪切结构喷嘴出口型面变化和厚度对特征效率的影响.结果表明:氧喷嘴出口处能形成小尺度的回流区,起到火焰稳定器的作用;带扩口的氧喷嘴使氧产生径向速度,使回流区受到干扰,使推进剂特征效率较低;直口的喷嘴有利于推进剂火焰的稳定,而达到高的特征效率;而不同氧出口厚度对特征效率的影响不大.      

压气机不同状态下转子出口三维紊流流场

用单斜热丝、圆柱单孔高频压力探针等手段,详细测量了单级压气机转子出口的三维紊流流场,揭示压气机在不同流量状态下转子出口的流动结构和紊流特性。      

小发动机燃气流火焰温度测量

小发动机是在高温条件(≈1800℃)下进行头部防热材料模拟试验的设备,是为解决导弹弹头再入大气层时的防热问题而研制的。本文叙述了用光学法测量小发动机燃气流火焰温度、燃气流中模型前端的激波温度及不同材料的模型表面温度。实验表明:不同材料的模型,其表面温度不同。文中对测温误差进行了初步分析。