航空器海上飞行空域规划方法

为充分利用海上空域资源,提供海上飞行有效空域活动范围,针对海上空域可用资源问题进行了研究,主要目的是寻找一种有效的海上空域可用资源规划方法。一方面,分析了我国周边海域的海上空域资源,并基于岸基军、民航已规划使用空域的环境数据,结合周边空管雷达监视能力服务范围信息,设计了一种基于图形栅格化法的海上空域资源智能规划方法。另一方面,基于协同区域随机搜索算法,分析计算出适合航空器飞行的海上空域数据,可为航空器海上飞行空域规划提供可靠依据。     

提升民用飞机水废水系统运营经济性技术研究

基于现代民机绿色环保设计理念和对经济性的追求,减重是飞机设计中重点考虑因素,关于降低民用飞机水废水系统运营载重、提高运营经济性研究,国内外尚未发布公开文献。本文基于对航线用水统计数据研究,形成航线运营所需水量计算技术;基于我国航线飞行时长分布特点,提出基于航线实际运营时间和载客人数为需求、为系统设定分档加水设计技术。结果表明：与同类机型数据对比,本文的水量计算技术是有效的;分档加水设计技术能够有效地降低系统在航线运营过程中的运营重量,可以提升民用飞机水废水系统的运营经济性。     

基于成核理论的水温对结冰黏附强度影响研究

飞机结冰会影响飞行安全,甚至导致严重的飞行事故。研究积冰与基底的黏附强度,可以为飞机防除冰系统的设计提供具体的指标要求。设计剪切黏附力测量实验平台,利用该实验平台测量基板在不同冻结用水初始温度下的结冰黏附力;采集水/冰在冻结过程中的温度变化,并通过成核理论分析实验现象,着重研究冻结用水的初始温度对黏附强度的影响。结果表明：冻结水温初始温度的增加会促进冰晶成核,进而提高黏附强度。     

Double-decoupled inverse design of natural laminar flow nacelle under transonic conditions

The inverse design based on the pressure distribution is an essential approach to realize the improvement of Natural Laminar Flow(NLF) performance for nacelles. However, the direct definition of target pressure distribution at design point is challenging for the dilemma to consider the constraints of shock wave and laminar flow at the same time. In addition, the universality of method will be limited when the inverse design is strongly coupled with the solver. Thus, a double-decoupled methodolog...     

One-dimensional numerical investigation on multi-cylinder gasoline engine fueled by micro-emulsions,CNG, and hydrogen in dual fuel mode

This research work is the novel state-of-the-art technology performed on multi-cylinder SI engine fueled compressed natural gas, emulsified fuel, and hydrogen as dual fuel. This work predicts the overall features of performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions of individual fuels based on AVL Boost simulation technology. Three types of alternative fuels have been compared and analyzed. The results show that hydrogen produces 20% more brake power than CNG and 25% more power than micro-emulsion fuel at 1500 r/min, which further increases the brake power of hydrogen, CNG, and micro-emulsions in the range of 25%, 20%, and 15% at higher engine speeds of 2500–4000 r/min, respectively. In addition, the brake-specific fuel consumption is the lowest for 100% hydrogen, followed by CNG 100% and then micro-emulsions at 1500 r/min. At 2500–5000 r/min, there is a significant drop in brake-specific fuel consumption due to a lean mixture at higher engine speeds. The CO, HC, and NO_x emissions significantly improve for hydrogen, CNG, and micro-emulsion fuel. Hydrogen fuel shows zero CO and HC emissions and is the main objective of this research to produce 0% carbon-based emissions with a slight increase in NO_x emissions, and CNG shows 30% lower CO emissions than micro-emulsions and 21.5% less hydrocarbon emissions than micro-emulsion fuel at stoichiometric air/fuel ratio.     

基于车载平台的飞行管理系统DR/GPS 导航试验验证

飞行管理系统是民用飞机的关键航空电子系统。飞行管理系统制造商有责任对飞行管理系统开展大 量的试验以验证飞行管理系统功能和性能的符合性。考虑数字验证的局限性和飞行试验验证的巨大代价,本文 利用车载平台开展飞行管理系统综合导航功能的验证,试验结果表明设计的飞行管理系统DR/GPS 导航方法能 够满足95% 的飞行时间水平方向达到0.1 海里的导航精度要求,为实际的飞行测试提供了试验数据参考。     

民用飞机全机静力试验前机身工况配平载荷设计

民用飞机全机静力试验中由于加载方案复杂,为了简化试验加载数量,传统的配平方案主要保证考核区的加载准确性,对于非考核区的载荷简化到若干加载点上。对于飞机机身这种薄壁结构,非考核区的配平对考核区影响较大。以某飞机前机身严重工况为例,基于飞机全机有限元模型,研究静力试验的载荷配平方案;通过对比分析态载荷与传统试验态配平载荷方案下的内力解,对传统全机静力试验载荷配平方案进行优化。结果表明：优化后的试验态内力解与分析态内力解基本吻合;对于飞机机身薄壁结构,圣维南原理并不适用,全机静力试验的载荷配平要与真实工况受力情况吻合,才能达到试验验证目的。     

基于集成学习模型的飞行学员认知负荷研究

在飞行过程中,飞行员需要在短时间内接收大量信息,并做出正确的判断与决策,而过高的认知负荷会影响其感知、判断、决策等认知过程,进而影响飞行安全。首先通过飞行模拟实验获取飞行学员在执行不同飞行任务时的生理数据;然后通过时域、频域分析等方法提取呼吸和心电信号的特征,并通过统计学方法筛选出能够反映认知负荷水平的指标;最后结合支持向量机、K 最邻近、人工神经网络等方法建立集成学习模型,对飞行学员的认知负荷进行评估,并与单一算法进行对比。结果表明：本文建立的集成学习模型具有较高的准确率,能够更好地反映飞行学员认知负荷水平。     

超声速低声爆布局分层优化方法

声爆抑制是发展新一代超声速民机必须突破的关键技术。总体布局参数的合理设计可以使飞行器具有良好的声爆特性。为了提高全局进化算法在布局设计中的优化效率,提出一种基于数据挖掘的分层优化方法,利用数据挖掘中的决策树算法提取设计知识,获得设计变量分层信息,指导低声爆布局分层优化;针对某超声速低声爆飞行器,选取后掠角、上反角、展弦比、梢根比、长细比五个总体布局参数作为设计变量,开展分层优化数值实验,并与一体化优化形成对比验证。结果表明：分层优化方法能够搜索到与一体化优化高度吻合的最优解,分层优化的收敛速度显著高于一体化优化,且对随机寻优历程的表现更稳健。     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.