基于正交设计的某型飞机翼尖小翼优化设计方法研究

飞机翼尖小翼设计是一个多因素设计,在机翼设计中比较复杂,影响参数较多。采用基于正交设计的方法,利用CFD技术,可较快的优选出小翼的倾斜角、高度、前缘后掠角、安装角等参数。以设计状态为例,对优选出的每个因素取三种水平进行了具体的计算,并给出了具体的结果,通过各因素在各水平下的平均升阻比,可以得到最优的参数值。结论说明给出的方法是合理的。实验也证明了该方法可以节约时间和经费。     

Control of squealer-tip leakage flow with perforated-rib coolant injection in an axial turbine cascade

A novel perforated-rib configuration is proposed for controlling the tip leakage flow at the rotor tip of an axial turbine. Three perforated-rib layouts are considered, wherein a perforated rib is installed at (A) the Suction-Side squealer (SS-rib), (B) the Pressure-Side squealer (PS-rib), and (C) the additional squealer along the blade Camber Line (CL-rib). A numerical method is used to show how the novel rib layouts affect the aerodynamic performance of the tip leakage flow. Results show that the coolant jets issuing from the perforated-rib injection holes penetrate deeper into the tip clearance than those in the baseline squealer-tip case, and how the perforated-rib coolant injection affects the tip leakage flow depends strongly on the rib layout. The PS-rib and CL-rib layouts appear promising for controlling the tip leakage flow, playing a significant role in reducing the total pressure loss and improving the turbine blade’s isentropic efficiency. In particular, under an injection mass flow ratio of 1% and a tip clearance of 1% blade span, the PS-rib layout reduces the leakage mass flow rate by 27% and increases the isentropic efficiency by 1.25% compared with those in the baseline squealer-tip case. Meanwhile, the advantages of the PS-rib layout in tip leakage control are confirmed under small and large tip clearances.     

不同类型的翼梢小翼在无人机设计中的应用

针对某型无人机进行融合式、双叉弯刀式2种不同形式翼梢小翼设计,对6组不同参数的小翼构型进行了基于RNAS控制方程的数值模拟计算,结果表明,双叉弯刀式小翼在气动效率的提高、横航向稳定性影响方面明显优于融合式翼梢小翼。结合数值模拟计算结果,从气动机理上对加装翼梢小翼后的纵向、横航向特性影响进行了分析,得出了2种不同形式小翼的气动特点及其各参数对气动性能的影响,其结论对中小型无人机翼梢小翼的设计提供了一定的参考依据。     

Adaptive feedback control of stability in an axial compressor with circumferential inlet distortion

The adaptive feedback control of stability with circumferential inlet distortion has been experimentally investigated in a low-speed, axial compressor. The flat-baffles with different span heights are used to simulate different distorted inflow cases. Compared with auto-correlation and root-mean-square analysis, cross-correlation analysis used to predict early stall warning does not depend on the distortion position. Hence, the cross-correlation coefficient was used to monitor the stable status of the compressor and provide the feedback signal in the active control strategy when suffering from different distortions. Based on the stall margin improvement of tip air injection obtained under different distorted inflow cases and the sensitivity analysis of cross-correlation coefficients to injected momentum ratios, tip air injection was adopted as the actuator for adaptive feedback control. The digital signal processing controller was designed and applied to achieve adaptive feedback control in distorted inflow conditions. The results show that the adaptive feedback control of air injection nearly achieves the same stall margin improvement as steady air injection under different distortion intensities with a reduced injection mass flow. Thus, the proposed adaptive feedback control method is ideal for the engine operation with circumferential distorted inflow, which frequently occurs in flight.     

低反力度跨声速转子的叶顶喷气扩稳数值研究

为进一步提高低反力度压气机的稳定工作范围，以某三级低反力度高负荷压气机首级跨声速转子为研究对象，借助三维数值模拟方法，进行了叶顶喷气扩稳研究，分析讨论了叶顶喷气提升低反力度压气机转子稳定性的机理，并探讨了不同喷气轴向位置对扩稳效果及气动性能的影响。结果表明：叶顶喷气通过削弱叶顶泄漏涡和通道激波的相互作用，抑制了转子近失速工况下泄漏涡的破碎，消除了叶顶通道的大面积堵塞，拓宽了转子的稳定工作边界；随着喷嘴的位置从叶顶前缘处沿轴向上游移动，转子的失速裕度提升量呈现出先增大后减小的趋势，综合扩稳效果和对压气机总性能参数的影响，最佳喷气轴向位置为叶顶前缘上游转子5%叶顶轴向弦长处；叶顶喷气改变了转子气动参数的径向分布，降低了转子上15%叶高范围内的负荷，同时也使得其它叶高区域的负荷提升。