基于非线性静力学模型的飞机系留载荷计算方法研究

由于飞机在强风下系留时,机体承受各方向的载荷较大,因此需对系留结构及系留索是否具有足够的承载能力进行分析,而其中系留载荷的计算就显得异常重要。采用MSC．Nastran软件,针对飞机存系留情况下,系留索的单向承载性及起落架与地面的非线性接触特性,通过应用非线性间隙单元,建立了非线性静力仿真模型,并计算了飞机在系留状况下,各系留索承受的张力及各系留点所受的载荷,计算中同时考虑了起落架缓冲支柱空气弹簧力对于系留载荷的影响,从而为飞机系留载荷提供了一种新的有限元计算方法。     

涡轮叶尖间隙泄漏涡不稳定性分析

结合Rains间隙泄漏涡模型和长波不稳定性理论,应用高雷诺数k-ε湍流模型加壁面函数,基于压力修正的三维计算流体力学程序,对某一轴流涡轮平面叶栅叶尖间隙流场进行仿真,通过将叶尖间隙泄漏涡与其在机匣表面镜像形成的虚拟泄漏涡组合成一对泄漏涡,对涡轮叶尖间隙泄漏涡的不稳定性进行了分析,并计算了五个不同叶尖间隙高度下泄漏涡的最不稳定的波长及对应的频率。结果表明,利用长波不稳定性理论可以预测叶尖泄漏涡的不稳定性和最不稳定的波长及对应的频率,从而为采用合成射流控制方法去控制涡轮叶尖泄漏涡提供理论基础。     

涡轮叶尖泄漏流被动控制数值模拟

结合基于密度修正的采用雷诺应力湍流模型加壁面函数的三维计算流体力学程序,通过在叶尖吸力面表面加肋条的被动控制方法以期减小叶尖间隙泄漏流动带来的损失,对某一轴流涡轮转子叶尖间隙泄漏流场的被动控制进行了数值模拟研究,并详细分析了在不同肋条高度下泄漏流场细节,最后计算了涡轮效率。结果表明,在涡轮叶尖表面沿吸力面边缘镶肋条对泄漏流动进行被动控制,相对于与其相对叶尖间隙高度相等的基本间隙流场,涡轮效率增大;肋条高度对涡轮效率有较大影响,相对等绝对叶尖间隙高度的基本流场,增大肋条高度可以提高涡轮效率。在叶尖间隙区域前半部,肋条对泄漏流动的阻挡作用使得在叶尖表面出现回流区,阻碍泄漏流动;在叶尖间隙区域后半部,回流区消失。     

六维力/加工电流模糊控制电解加工间隙的方法

为了有效控制电解加工间隙,提高加工精度,以六维力和加工电流为模糊控制器输入的原始数据,结合在线检测加工间隙技术,得到测试间隙;设计控制加工间隙的二输入一输出的模糊控制器,把测试间隙与初始设定间隙形成偏差和偏差的变化量,作为模糊控制器的输入,机床主轴进给速度作为模糊控制器输出;在Matlab的Simulink模块中,通过对电解加工系统和模糊控制器组成的联合模型进行仿真试验,并调整加工间隙的初始设定值,得到结论:模糊控制电解加工过程稳定,鲁棒性好,加工过程很快达到平衡状态;在0.2～0.7 mm的加工间隙范围,随着加工间隙的增大,模糊控制器的超调量减小,控制效果好.     

电火花线切割加工中放电间隙电压变化特性

电火花线切割加工时工具(电极丝)和工件之间的放电电压是对放电加工过程进行实时检测的重要参数.本文在理论分析的基础上,采用正交试验设计,应用极差分析法和方差分析法定量研究了高速走丝电火花线切割加工中放电间隙电压量的变化特性与加工中峰值电流、工件厚度及切割方向之间的关系.研究的结果为准确检测高速走丝电火花线切割加工状态提供了依据.     

尾缘锯齿结构对低压涡轮动静干涉噪声的影响

为满足现代航空发动机"更紧凑的级间距、更高的经济性和更低的噪声"的设计目标,低压涡轮轴向间距设计得越来越小.然而,较小的轴向间距将严重影响涡轮的气动性能及动静干涉噪声,这对流动及噪声控制方法提出了更高的要求与挑战.为此,采用大涡模拟结合FW-H方程研究了不同轴向间距情况下,上游静叶尾缘采用短、长锯齿结构时,一级低压涡轮...     

轴向充磁圆筒型永磁直线同步电机气隙磁场解析计算

介绍了一种基于许-克变换法的轴向充磁结构圆筒型永磁直线同步电机(TPMLSM)气隙磁场解析计算方法。首先采用许-克变换法计算出无齿槽时电机的气隙磁场;然后利用许-克变换法求取初级铁心开槽时的气隙相对比磁导函数,分析铁心开槽对气隙磁场的影响;最后通过无齿槽时的气隙磁场与有齿槽时的气隙磁场相对比磁导函数得到有齿槽时电机的气隙磁场分布。同时给出了该种充磁结构TPMLSM气隙磁场解析计算表达式,并以1台36/12极槽配合轴向充磁TPMLSM样机进行试验。试验结果证明空载气隙磁场的有限元分析值与解析值较吻合,空载电动势(EMF)计算值、试验测试值、有限元分析值一致。     

Investigation on the interface damage in drilling low-stiffness CFRP/Ti stacks

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic and titanium alloy (CFRP/Ti) stacks have been widely used as aerospace structures because of their excellent combination of physical properties. Interface damage caused by interface gaps, significantly different from that of metal/metal stacks, is a common problem in the through-hole drilling of CFRP/Ti stacks with low stiffness. In this study, a force–deformation coupling model was developed to further examine the formation mechanism and the control method of interface damage. Firstly, the coupling model was built considering the interaction between the thrust force and the deformation. To solve this model, a numerical method was proposed in which specific cutting coefficients were calibrated using only the thrust force of rigid stacks. Secondly, drilling experiments were performed with different feed rates and bending stiffness. Experimental results indicate that interface damage mainly includes interlayer chips and surface damage of CFRP layers. The surface damage, which is irreparable, is caused by the rotary extension of metal chips along the interlayer gap. Thirdly, variations of the interface gap were calculated with the coupling model that had been verified by measured thrust forces. The damage area was found to have a linear dependence relation with the interlayer gap. However, in conditions of large gap sizes, the interface damage areas increased with the interlayer gap at high feed rates, while decreasing slightly at low feed rates. This phenomenon was satisfactorily explained by the presented model. Finally, a method was proposed to determine the appropriate pressure exceeding which no interlayer damage will occur. Additional drilling experiments proved the method effective. This study leads to further understanding of the forming mechanism of interlayer damage and of selecting appropriate parameters in drilling low-stiffness composite/metal stacks.     

切向结构永磁同步电机辅助磁极的优化

为了减少切向结构永磁同步电机转轴侧永磁体的漏磁，提高气隙磁密，在切向结构永磁同步电机中合理引入辅助永磁体。辅助永磁体相对于切向永磁体的位置有3种．其中以模型b，c较为合理，永磁材料用量适中，对气隙磁通的贡献大。随着辅助磁极永磁体厚度的增加，气隙磁密增加，当永磁体厚度增加到一定值时气隙磁密开始减小（模型b）或几乎恒定（模型c），即辅助永磁体存在一个合理的厚度，该厚度与电机的极对数有关。     

Lock-in phenomenon of tip clearance flow and its influence on aerodynamic damping under specified vibration on an axial transonic compressor rotor

In this study, the lock-in phenomenon of Tip Clearance Flow(TCF) instabilities and their relationship to blade vibration are investigated numerically on an axial transonic rotor with a large tip clearance. The capabilities of simulating instability flow and lock-in phenomenon are verified on a transonic rotor and a NACA0012 airfoil by comparing with the test data, respectively.The lock-in phenomenon is first numerically confirmed that may occur to TCF instabilities when its frequency is close to...