微小孔电化学去毛刺试验研究

采用电化学方法对不锈钢管壁上钻削的微小孔与不锈钢管内壁相贯处难到达区域的毛刺进行去除。实验研究了加工时间、电解液成分与浓度、电解液流动方式对微小孔毛刺去除质量的影响以及相应条件下阴阳极极间电压的变化规律。研究结果表明:在优选的加工工艺参数条件下,可有效地去除微小孔毛刺。     

浮法抛光在金属纳米级超光滑表面加工中的应用

介绍了浮法抛光的机械结构与抛光原理,并采用这种技术在CJY500超精密研磨机上进行长方形GCr15轴承钢工件超光滑表面的工艺试验,成功获得了无加工变质层的金属纳米级超光滑表面,拓展了浮法抛光技术的应用范围,对于金属工件纳米级超光滑表面的加工具有参考价值.     

热声载荷下薄壁板行波管疲劳分析与试验研究

高速飞行器薄壁结构在高速气流冲击下,产生的热载荷、声载荷、随机振动载荷会使结构产生非线性大绕度动力学响应和高周疲劳破坏。对3组一端固支GH188薄壁板开展行波管热声疲劳试验,研究了温度和声压级对薄壁板的响应及寿命的影响,得到在热声载荷下薄壁结构的频率和动应力响应以及可能产生破坏的危险位置和疲劳寿命。根据耦合的有限元/边界元法对薄壁结构的非线性响应进行数值仿真,采用改进的雨流计数法和Morrow平均应力模型预估结构的疲劳寿命,与试验结果对比:频率响应误差在1%以内,基频应力响应误差在1%～3%,寿命值在3倍左右,验证了热声疲劳寿命预估模型的有效性。随后分析了薄壁结构的热振特性,分析发现:在声载荷和随机振动载荷下,结果基频响应起主导作用,且变化趋势相似,当基频动应力水平相同且主要研究基频附近疲劳寿命时,可用热振试验代替热声试验;当频率较宽时,热振疲劳寿命明显低于热声疲劳寿命。     

Vibration suppression of thin-walled workpiece machining considering external damping properties based on magnetorheological fluids flexible fixture

Milling of the thin-walled workpiece in the aerospace industry is a critical process due to the high flexibility of the workpiece. In this paper, a flexible fixture based on the magnetorheological(MR) fluids is designed to investigate the regenerative chatter suppression during the machining.Based on the analysis of typical structural components in the aerospace industry, a general complex thin-walled workpiece with fixture and damping constraint can be equivalent as a rectangular cantilever beam. On the basis of the equivalent models, natural frequency and mode shape function of the thin-walled workpiece is obtained according to the Euler–Bernoulli beam assumptions. Then,the displacement response function of the bending vibration of the beam is represented by the product of all the mode shape function and the generalized coordinate. Furthermore, a dynamic equation of the workpiece-fixture system considering the external damping factor is proposed using the Lagrangian method in terms of all the mode shape function and the generalized coordinate, and the response of system under the dynamic cutting force is calculated to evaluate the stability of the milling process under damping control. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach are validated by the impact hammer experiments and several machining tests.     

被动阻尼减振技术及数控加工应用

切削颤振导致工件加工表面质量恶化、切削效率降低以及刀具磨损加剧等系列危害.抑制颤振对航空制造业实现高质、高效加工有重要意义,尤其是在薄壁件加工时.作为工程领域振动抑制的一种重要方法,被动阻尼减振技术实施简单、效果明显、可靠性较高,在切削领域的应用正逐渐得到重视.     

航空发动机机匣数控加工关键技术研究

机匣作为航空发动机的关键部件,由于形状结构复杂,材料加工难度大,加工质量很难保证.通过分析机匣的结构特点和加工制造的技术难点,提出了一套多轴数控加工工艺的方法,有效解决了航空机匣加工质量与效率问题.该工艺方法对航空类薄壁件零件的数控加工也有一定借鉴作用和推广价值.     

ZL205A铝合金大型复杂筒体构件淬火过程模拟与变形预报

基于ABAQUS软件采用有限元方法建立ZL205A铝合金大型复杂构件淬火过程的温度场与应力场模型,分析构件在淬火过程中不同时刻的温度场分布.根据构件结构特征,选择4个特征点获得淬火过程冷却曲线,并对构件厚壁、加强筋与薄壁部分的冷却曲线进行研究,使用有限元模拟方法预报构件变形和残余应力.ZL205A铝合金大型复杂构件淬火变形主要为径向变形,通过比较淬火后残余应力的6个分量可知正应力远大于剪应力.模拟厚壁在不同换热系数下的淬火效果,发现增加换热系数可以提高厚壁淬火冷却速度,但是作用比较有限.     

薄壁零件数控加工工艺质量改进方法

 提出了通过数控加工前期的预防性仿真 (包括几何仿真与物理仿真 )分析与减小工件变形的数控工艺设计过程范式,将工件视为弹性体,模拟实际加工中的工艺约束,建立工艺模型,通过有限元分析检查变形引起的微观误差。并根据工艺成本代价,依次采取进给量局部调整、刀具路径修正、改进装夹方案、改进毛坯结构工艺性 4种策略,减小或消除加工变形误差,达到逐步改进工艺质量的目标。以某薄壁口框验证了通过预防性仿真改进工艺质量的有效性。     

大尺寸工件直线度视觉测量系统中摄像机标定的研究

根据大尺寸工件直线度激光视觉测量系统的现场标定需要,从分析点结构光传感器模型入手,推导了计算机像平面坐标系到世界坐标之间的映射关系,借助转轴实现系统旋转扫描测量;介绍了系统中摄像机坐标系、传感器坐标系、转轴坐标系、标定块坐标系及全局坐标系等各个坐标系的转换关系,结合测量系统特点设计了特有的靶标,提出了适于大尺寸工件视觉检测系统摄像机参数及全局标定方法。实验表明,该方法快速,可用于现场标定。     

Residual stress determination in friction stir butt welded joints using a digital image correlation-aided slitting technique

This paper presents an incremental cutting method for evaluating the longitudinal residual stresses in a butt welded thin plate via combining the traditional residual stress measurement methods and the advanced optical technique.The proposed approach,which can be called digital image correlation (DIC)-aided slitting technique,introduces a successive extension slot to a speci men and employs the DIC technique to measure the released displacement profiles of the cutting sections after each cutting increment.Then the displacement profiles are used to directly calculate the residual stress distributions up to the slot tip and hence,a stress distribution can be obtained after a cutting increment.Finally,all of the stress distributions are averaged to ultimately determine the original residual stress field.This method does not include any complex experimental operations or tedious derivation,and the resolution of stress variation is greatly improved by the continuous measurement of the released displacements.The presented method has been preliminarily verified by a specimen with residual stress introduced by a four-point bending test.The results show that residual stresses determined by the DIC-aided slitting technique agree well with those from finite element (FE) prediction.The residual stress in a friction stir welded aluminum specimen obtained by the presented technique is also consistent with the evaluations given by X-ray diffraction.Fur thermore,the residual stresses obtained by the DIC-aided slitting technique demonstrate higher accuracy and stability than the evaluations derived by the DIC-aided contour method.