基于分数傅立叶变换的SAR成像算法研究

当距离徙动较小时,合成孔径雷达(SAR)回波信号在方位向和距离向都可以转化为调频信号,据此提出一种基于分数傅立叶变换(FRFT)的SAR成像算法,通过距离向和方位向的特定阶次的FRFT,在两个方向上把回波信号同时近似地压缩为脉冲函数。理论分析和仿真数据结果表明,该算法计算简单快速,只需两次FRFT即在分数傅立叶域可以有效成像,并且成像精度优于传统的Chirp Scaling算法。     

对合成孔径雷达的移频干扰研究

从分析脉冲压缩信号时延和频移的耦合特性出发，推导了移频干扰对采用脉冲压缩信号体制的合成孔径雷达（SAR）的干扰输出形式，研究表明移频干扰的移频量与合成孔径雷达方位向处理的多普勒带宽无关，但只能形成点目标或线目标干扰。为此，提出了两种改进的移频干扰新样式——随机移频干扰和步进移频干扰。改进的移频干扰样式能够形成一个干扰区域，克服了固定移频干扰不能掩护分布目标的不足。理论分析和仿真表明，改进的移频干扰样式可掩护分布目标，由于可获得一维和二维信号处理增益，干扰效果优于噪声干扰。     

高分辨率SAR图像分割及目标特征提取

提出了一种非监督SAR图像快速分割算法,对分割得到的目标区域进行特征提取.分割方法利用固体热扩散模型与图像尺度空间的等价性,在SAR图像初始分割的基础上,引入最大后验概率矩阵的各向异性多尺度平滑,在保持图像结构信息的同时滤除斑点噪声对于分割的影响.然后提取目标区域6个特征以详细描述目标,实验结果表明：该方法计算速度快,能够从获得的目标区域得到大量有用的信息.     

Numerical investigation on flow field characteristics of dual synthetic cold/hot jets using POD and DMD methods

In order to improve the control ability of synthetic jets in compressible boundary layer, a novel control method based on dual synthetic cold/hot jets coupled control of velocity profile and temperature profile was proposed. As fundamental investigations on the effects of synthetic jet temperature on the jet behavior and flow field characteristics were essentially necessary, preliminary numerical simulations were conducted to study the influence of temperature (200 K and 400 K) on the flow field characteristics of synthetic jets using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) model. Time-averaged flow fields showed that different temperatures led to variable behavior of two strands of jets. For dual synthetic cold jets, a potential-core arose apparently with its height ranging from 0.01 to 0.03 m, while for dual synthetic hot jets, two strands of jets emerged downstream. The modal decomposition of instantaneous flow fields had been done using both Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD). Various modes showed different characteristics of the flow fields. As the POD method focuses on the energy of flow while the DMD method focuses on the frequency, the first two modes had many similarities, but the third and fourth modes demonstrated completely different vortex structures. The current researches play a role of preliminary investigations for further and comprehensive exploration of novel flow control measures in global velocity field.     

An optimal selection of probability distribution functions for unsupervised land cover classification of PALSAR-2 data

Different types of classification techniques are available in the literature for the classification of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data into various land cover classes. Various SAR images are available for land cover classification such as ALOS PALSAR (PALSAR-1, PALSAR-2), RADARSAT and ENVISAT. In this paper, we have attempted to explore probability distribution function (pdf) based land cover classification using PALSAR-2 data. Over 20 different statistical distribution functions are analyzed for different classes based on statistical parameters. Probability distribution functions are selected based on Chi-squared goodness of fit test for each individual class. A decision tree based classifier is developed for classification based on the selected pdf functions and its statistical parameters. The proposed classification approach has an accuracy of 83.93%.     

The Coma of Comet 9P/Tempel 1

As comet 9P/Tempel 1 approaches the Sun in 2004–2005, a temporary atmosphere, or “coma,” will form, composed of molecules and dust expelled from the nucleus as its component icy volatiles sublimate. Driven mainly by water ice sublimation at surface temperatures T > 200 K, this coma is a gravitationally unbound atmosphere in free adiabatic expansion. Near the nucleus (≤ 10² km), it is in collisional equilibrium, at larger distances (≥10⁴ km) it is in free molecular flow. Ultimately the coma components are swept into the comet’s plasma and dust tails or simply dissipate into interplanetary space. Clues to the nature of the cometary nucleus are contained in the chemistry and physics of the coma, as well as with its variability with time, orbital position, and heliocentric distance. The DI instrument payload includes CCD cameras with broadband filters covering the optical spectrum, allowing for sensitive measurement of dust in the comet’s coma, and a number of narrowband filters for studying the spatial distribution of several gas species. DI also carries the first near-infrared spectrometer to a comet flyby since the VEGA mission to Halley in 1986. This spectrograph will allow detection of gas emission lines from the coma in unprecedented detail. Here we discuss the current state of understanding of the 9P/Tempel 1 coma, our expectations for the measurements DI will obtain, and the predicted hazards that the coma presents for the spacecraft. An erratum to this article is available at .     

双微射流作动器定向控制主流数值模拟

采用改进的Beam-Warming近似因式分解法求解二维、粘性、非定常、可压全N-S方程,对双微射流作动器定向控制主流的合成流场进行数值模拟。计算结果揭示了主流在双微射流作用下会比在单微射流作用下产生更大的偏转,并探讨了其产生偏转的原因。分析了主流的偏转程度与相邻作动器相位差之间的关系,即相邻作动器之间的相位差必须在一定的范围内,主流才能发生更大的偏转。     

电激励因素影响合成射流的实验研究

设计了合成射流双膜激励器及实验测试系统。采用热线风速仪对激励器出口下游不同点的速度进行测量并分析合成射流的发展演化，对电激励因素即激励电压幅值、频率及信号波形对合成射流的影响进行试验和分析，对激励器在不同激励频率下启动工作时合成射流的响应及建立时间进行了考察。     

SAR天线功率方向图误差补偿的新方法

首先提出了一种经济而有效的仅改变激励相位的新方法来补偿ＳＡＲ天线功率方向图误差；其次讨论了ＳＡＲ天线在温度载荷作用下的特定的“缓慢变化”的系统变形；然后给出了一些算例以验证方法的有效性；最后给出了一些重要结论。     

构架式可展开网状抛物面天线反射器设计和分析

介绍了一种构架式网状可展开抛物面天线 ,它具有展缩比大 ,质量轻和频段宽等特点 ,可用作小卫星合成孔径雷达天线和其它S、L频段星载通信天线。设计天线的展开尺寸为 2 8m× 6m ,工作在S频段 ,带宽大于 10 0MHz。介绍了天线反射器的结构总体方案和关键部件的结构设计 ,同时对反射器的形面精度、热变形以及刚度等指标进行了分析计算。初步试验结果表明 ,设计方案合理可行