A novel biased proportional navigation guidance law for close approach phase

A novel biased proportional navigation guidance (BPNG) law is proposed for the close approach phase, which aims to make the spacecraft rendezvous with the target in specific relative range and direction. Firstly, in order to describe the special guidance requirements, the concept of zero effort miss vector is proposed and the dangerous area where there exists collision risk for safety consideration is defined. Secondly, the BPNG, which decouples the range control and direc-tion control, is designed in the line-of-sight (LOS) rotation coordinate system. The theoretical anal-ysis proves that BPNG meets guidance requirements quite well. Thirdly, for the consideration of fuel consumption, the optimal biased proportional navigation guidance (OBPNG) law is derived by solving the Schwartz inequality. Finally, simulation results show that BPNG is effective for the close approach with the ability of evading the dangerous area and OBPNG consumes less fuel compared with BPNG.     

具有全向推力矢量的六旋翼无人机设计与建模

针对常规旋翼飞行器飞行速度小和加速飞行时不能保持机体水平姿态等问题,提出了一种具有全向推力矢量的六旋翼无人机设计方案;分析了推力矢量六旋翼在可倾转旋翼结构倾转不同角度时的飞行模式;建立了推力矢量六旋翼的动力学模型,并针对动力学模型设计了PID控制器;最后对动力学模型进行数值仿真验证.结果表明,所设计的推力矢量六旋翼能够悬停,且可以在定速飞行中保持飞行器的水平姿态.     

基于滑动时窗策略自适应优化支持向量机的航空发动机性能参数在线预测

针对传统航空发动机性能参数时间序列预测方法存在的不足,提出了基于滑动时窗策略自适应优化支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)在线预测模型。该方法解决了训练样本动态适应性差的特点和老旧数据信息影响预测模型精度的问题。在该方法中,滑动时窗策略实时更新时窗数据训练样本,最终误差预报准则(Final Prediction Error,FPE)自适应地确定嵌入维数,遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)则实时自适应优化SVM建模参数。应用航空发动机排气温度偏差值(Delta Exhaust Gas Temperature,DEGT)数据进行实例验证,结果表明基于滑动时窗策略的自适应GA优化的SVM (GASVM)在线预测模型比传统的GASVM预测模型预测精度有显著提高。进一步分析了预测模型不同时窗宽度对短期预测精度的影响,展示了1步～10步预测的效果,结果表明在线预测模型在不同时窗宽度下短中期(5步以内)预测效果良好且稳定。文中提出的在线预测模型可用于航空发动机性能参数的预测,实现对航空发动机未来性能变化的预警。     

基于非连续算子广义变分不等式强解的存在性

在算子不连续的情况下,利用FKKM定理和Weierstrass定理及标量化方法得到了广义向量变分不等式的强解存在性定理.     

数字化组合式大力值校准系统的研制

为了满足对大力值(20 MN左右)的测量和校准,开发了一套数字化组合式大力值校准装置。其最大量程可达24 MN,系统测量准确度为0.1%,适合于大型材料试验机的校准和检定。本文详细介绍了装置的组成结构、弹性体设计、贴片和组桥方式、数字化的方法以及与计算机的通信实现。     

A straw-soil co-composting and evaluation for plant substrate in BLSS

Material closure is important for the establishment of Bioregenerative Life Support System, and many studies have focused on transforming candidate plant residues into plant culture medium. For the limitations of using wheat straw compost as substrate for plant cultivation, a straw-soil co-composting technique was studied. The changes of pH, C/N value, germination index, cellulose, lignin and so on were monitored during the co-composting process. The maturity was evaluated by the C/N value and the germination index. The result showed that after 45 days’ fermentation, the straw-soil final co-compost with inoculation (T1) became mature, while the co-compost without inoculation (T0) was not mature. In the plant culture test, the T1 substrate could satisfy the needs for lettuce’s growth, and the edible biomass yield of lettuce averaged 74.42 g pot⁻¹ at harvest. But the lettuces in T0 substrate showed stress symptoms and have not completed the growth cycle. Moreover, the results of nitrogen (N) transformation experiment showed that about 10.0% and 3.1% N were lost during the T1 co-composting and plant cultivation, respectively, 23.5% N was absorbed by lettuce, and 63.4% N remained in the T1 substrate after cultivation.     

机床组合夹具设计仿真平台在《机械制造技术基础》课程教学中的应用

本文针对传统的机械制造技术基础教学环节中存在的一些问题,提出了用VB（Visual Basic）对Solid-Works开发的机床组合夹具仿真平台进行辅助教学,并介绍了该仿真平台的设计和实现过程及使用和教学效果。     

Application of SVM on satellite images to detect hotspots in Jharia coal field region of India

The present paper deals with the application of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and image analysis techniques on NOAA/AVHRR satellite image to detect hotspots on the Jharia coal field region of India. One of the major advantages of using these satellite data is that the data are free with very good temporal resolution; while, one drawback is that these have low spatial resolution (i.e., approximately 1.1 km at nadir). Therefore, it is important to do research by applying some efficient optimization techniques along with the image analysis techniques to rectify these drawbacks and use satellite images for efficient hotspot detection and monitoring. For this purpose, SVM and multi-threshold techniques are explored for hotspot detection. The multi-threshold algorithm is developed to remove the cloud coverage from the land coverage. This algorithm also highlights the hotspots or fire spots in the suspected regions. SVM has the advantage over multi-thresholding technique that it can learn patterns from the examples and therefore is used to optimize the performance by removing the false points which are highlighted in the threshold technique. Both approaches can be used separately or in combination depending on the size of the image. The RBF (Radial Basis Function) kernel is used in training of three sets of inputs: brightness temperature of channel 3, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Global Environment Monitoring Index (GEMI), respectively. This makes a classified image in the output that highlights the hotspot and non-hotspot pixels. The performance of the SVM is also compared with the performance obtained from the neural networks and SVM appears to detect hotspots more accurately (greater than 91% classification accuracy) with lesser false alarm rate. The results obtained are found to be in good agreement with the ground based observations of the hotspots. This type of work will be quite helpful in the near future to develop a hotspots monitoring system using these operational satellites data.     

组合机床多轴箱计算机辅助设计系统

介绍利用ＡｏｔｏＣＡＤ二次开发工具ＯｂｊｅｃｔＡＲＸ３．０开发的组合机床多轴箱ＣＡＤ。阐述依据模块化原理设计系统的各个组成模块，以及由于采用ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＋＋６．０可视化编程语言及微软ＭＦＣ基本类库，使程序界面的交互性比以往设计显著提高。     

参数曲线的自适应插补算法

参数曲线插补是高性能ＣＮＣ系统实现复杂轨迹控制功能的重要技术基础。文中提出了一种ＣＮＣ系统参数曲线的实时插补算法，基于参数预估、误差控制及参数校正的策略，实现了参数曲线的高精度快速插补。理论分析与仿真表明，该算法与现有的插补算法相比，不仅速度误差小、实时性好，而且插补速度能随曲线曲率的变化自适应调整，确保加工精度达到给定要求。此外，本算法具有良好的实现通用性，可以适用于样条等各种参数曲线。