论战术数据链的基本特征

文章在强调战场资源有效共享与作战任务优化匹配的基础上,描述了战术数据链的涵义及其功能模型,探讨了其战术专用、消息标准、态势统一、协同模式、智能网络及控制规范等6个基本特征,提出了发展的建议。     

定义于Hilbert空间中星形集上的非扩张映像

假设H是一个实Hilbert空间，C是H的一个非空弱闭星形子集，T：C→C为非扩张映像。研究了T的不动点的存在性及其迭代算法的收敛性，本文结果推广了关于非扩张映像的已有相关结果。     

Using cross correlation to estimate Doppler frequency

Doppler frequency estimation with high accuracy is very important for precise orbit determination and scientific studies in deep space exploration. In this paper, we propose a new method which implements cross correlation of only received signals from one single station to estimate Doppler frequency. The algorithm is relatively simple and it can achieve high accuracy even when signal to noise ratio (SNR) is very low. Moreover, the accuracy can be further improved by implementing frequency compensation, especially when the frequency dynamic range is high. Simulations were performed and results proved the validity of this method. X-band observations on MEX (Mars Express) and Juno were performed by a 13 m telescope of Wuhan University, which was equipped by two back ends, i.e. CDAS (Chinese Data Acquisition System) and RSR (Radio Science Receiver). Raw data recorded by the CDAS were processed by using the proposed method, and the estimated frequencies were in good agreement with the real time frequency estimation values by the RSR. What’s more, the accuracy by using cross correlation was higher than the one of RSR.     

微波无源遥感有效载荷现状与发展

针对微波无源遥感有效载荷这一卫星有效载荷中发展最早、最成熟的子领域,对从20世纪60年代至今,世界范围内在轨与在研共17个具有代表性的载荷产品进行了研究。综合分析了微波无源遥感载荷在气象、海洋、陆地、大气环境及深空微波遥感等应用领域的发展现状,归纳出无源微波遥感有效载荷向定量应用、功能复合、主被动一体、体制混合、太赫兹探测等方向的发展趋势。总结了我国与欧美发达国家在系统应用水平、反演处理能力、关键部组件性能、研发条件等方面存在的差距,提出了后续发展静止轨道毫米波亚毫米波探测仪、一体化微波成像探测仪、太赫兹冰云探测仪、L波段土壤湿度微波探测仪、亚毫米波临边探测仪、行星探测仪等载荷的设想。     

高精度星敏感器热设计研究及仿真验证

为实现某高精度星敏感器在空间复杂热环境下的可靠应用,对该星敏感器的热设计进行了分析研究,并选取典型的高温工况和低温工况进行讨论。基于热网络模型对高温工况和低温工况计算及仿真分析,提出了星敏感器与卫星舱体在导热和隔热2种安装情况下的热控措施。分析结果表明:当星敏感器导热安装时,将安装面温度控制在-15～0℃,在其外表面包覆多层隔热组件,可使整机温度适宜;当星敏感器隔热安装时,在其盖板外表面喷涂热控白漆,将遮光罩与盒体隔热安装,设置用于温度补偿的电加热片,将安装面温度控制在-60～-30℃。     

视觉导引受限下空间绳系机器人最优逼近控制

针对空间绳系机器人对目标逼近过程中单目视觉视线角约束和导航信息不全问题，首先建立空间绳系机器人系统动力学模型。然后考虑抓捕器视线角约束，采用高斯伪谱法对空间绳系机器人逼近任务姿轨轨迹进行一体规划。同时设计无需相对目标距离的闭环控制器实现对空间绳系机器人最优姿轨轨迹进行跟踪控制。仿真结果表明，该方案能够克服视觉导引受限的影响，实现空间绳系机器人对位姿最优轨迹的精确跟踪。     

Overview of current capabilities and research and technology developments for planetary protection

The pace of scientific exploration of our solar system provides ever-increasing insights into potentially habitable environments, and associated concerns for their contamination by Earth organisms. Biological and organic-chemical contamination has been extensively considered by the COSPAR Panel on Planetary Protection (PPP) and has resulted in the internationally recognized regulations to which spacefaring nations adhere, and which have been in place for 40 years. The only successful Mars lander missions with system-level “sterilization” were the Viking landers in the 1970s. Since then different cleanliness requirements have been applied to spacecraft based on their destination, mission type, and scientific objectives. The Planetary Protection Subcommittee of the NASA Advisory Council has noted that a strategic Research & Technology Development (R&TD) roadmap would be very beneficial to encourage the timely availability of effective tools and methodologies to implement planetary protection requirements. New research avenues in planetary protection for ambitious future exploration missions can best be served by developing an over-arching program that integrates capability-driven developments with mission-driven implementation efforts. This paper analyzes the current status concerning microbial reduction and cleaning methods, recontamination control and bio-barriers, operational analysis methods, and addresses concepts for human exploration. Crosscutting research and support activities are discussed and a rationale for a Strategic Planetary Protection R&TD Roadmap is outlined. Such a roadmap for planetary protection provides a forum for strategic planning and will help to enable the next phases of solar system exploration.     

串联型MPPT空间电源系统稳定性技术

串联型最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)空间电源系统存在母线电压振荡或跌落等不稳定现象,文章以MPPT不调节母线电源拓扑为研究对象,建立了系统等效电路模型,通过小信号等效分析、状态空间方程特征根求解等手段,分别对MPPT控制域及电压控制域下电源系统的稳定性进行了分析.结果表明,在太阳电池阵及阵列功率调节器特性曲线一定的条件下,通过对二者间电感、电容参数合理配置,可以保证系统稳定.在MATLAB/SIMULINK中搭建了串联型MPPT不调节母线电源系统仿真模型并进行实例仿真,仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性.     

太赫兹成像系统的研究

文章介绍了工作在375GHz的太赫兹成像系统,成像系统由3个透镜、返波管源、倍频器、戈莱盒、金属线栅和示波器等部分构成。并用硬币做了太赫兹反射成像实验以验证成像系统效果。太赫兹信号照射到硬币上,逐点扫描硬币,检测经反射的太赫兹信号,提取出其信号幅度。实验结果表明成像效果良好,并采用非线性频谱外推算法对原始图像进行处理,提高了图像可视性。     

基于主元空间动态模型的故障检测方法

建立了一种基于主成分分析的主元空间线性动态模型,将主成分分析的得分变量视为由高斯白噪声驱动的线性动态模型输出,可有效去除主元得分向量的动态相关性,动态模型参数可以通过期望最大化方法迭代辨识。分别在主元残差空间和主元空间线性动态模型上建立监控统计量,从而实现对动态过程的故障检测。通过数值仿真验证,该算法故障检测的检测率和误警率均表现良好。