Efficiency optimized fuel supply strategy of aircraft engine based on air-fuel ratio control

Accurate fuel injection control of aircraft engine can optimize the energy efficiency of UAV power system while meeting the propeller speed requirement. Traditional injection control method such as open-loop calibration causes instability of fuel supply which brings the risk of power loss of UAV. Considering that the closed-loop control of AFR can ensure a stable fuel feeding, this paper proposes an AFR control based fuel supply strategy in order to improve the efficiency of fuel-powered UAV while obtaining the required engine speed. According to the optimum fuel injection results, we implement fuzzy-PID method to control the set AFR in different situations. Through simulation and experiment studies, the results indicate that, to begin with, the calibrated mathematical model of the aircraft engine is effective. Next, this fuel supply strategy based on AFR control can normally realize the engine speed regulation, and the applied control algorithm can eliminate the overshoot of AFR throughout all the working progress. What is more,the fuel supply strategy can averagely shorten the response time of the engine speed by about two seconds. In addition, compared with the open-loop calibration, in this work the power efficiency is improved by 9% to 33%. Last but not the least, the endurance can be improved by 30 min with a normal engine speed. This paper can be a reference for the optimization of UAV aircraft engine.     

一种应用于着陆支撑系统中的锁紧机构设计与仿真

垂直起降运载器着陆过程是一种对支撑机构的结构强度、锁紧机构可靠性、缓冲器吸能特性要求极高的复杂瞬态碰撞吸能过程。针对现有着陆支撑机构构型单一等问题,提出一种全新的着陆支撑机构构型,并对该锁紧机构进行结构设计。由于支撑机构在展开过程中受到重力、空气阻力等多种环境力的作用,导致锁紧连杆相对速度在有限范围内变化。通过建立锁紧机构中移动构件力学方程并计算得到合理驱动弹簧参数,而后将锁紧相对速度作为输入变量,通过ADAMS建立虚拟样机模型完成工况模拟,并分析不同驱动弹簧参数对锁定可行性的影响,为锁紧机构可靠锁定提供技术支持。     

LES of the Sandia flame series D-F using the Eulerian stochastic field method coupled with tabulated chemistry

In this paper, the Eulerian Stochastic Field (ESF) model in the Transported Probability Density Function (TPDF) class model is combined with the Flamelet Generated Manifolds (FGM) model. This method solves the joint probability density function transport equation by ESF method that considers the interaction mechanism between flame and turbulence with high precision. At the same time, by making use of the advantage of the FGM model, this model is able to incorporate the detailed chemical reaction mechanism (GRI 3.0) with acceptable computational cost. The new model has been implemented in the open source CFD suite-OpenFOAM. Validation of the model has been carried out by simulating the Sandia flame series (three turbulent piloted methane jet flames) issued by the National Laboratory of the United States. The accuracy and advancement of the ESF/FGM turbulent combustion model are verified by comparing the LES results of the new model with the rich experimental data as well as the RANS results. The results demonstrate that the model has a strong ability in capturing combustion phenomena such as extinction and re-ignition in turbulent flame, which is essential in the accurate prediction of the combustion process in real combustion devices, for example, aircraft engines.     

A high-fidelity design methodology using LES-based simulation and POD-based emulation: A case study of swirl injectors

Engineering design is undergoing a paradigm shift from design for performance to design for affordability, operability, and durability, seeking multi-objective optimization. To facilitate this transformation, significantly extended design freedom and knowledge must be available in the early design stages. This paper presents a high-fidelity framework for design and optimization of the liquid swirl injectors that are widely used in aerospace propulsion and power-generation systems. The framework assembles a set of techniques, including Design Of Experiment (DOE), high-fidelity Large Eddy Simulations (LES), machine learning, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD)-based Kriging surrogate modeling (emulation), inverse problem optimization, and uncertainty quantification. LES-based simulations can reveal detailed spatiotemporal evolution of flow structures and flame dynamics in a high-fidelity manner, and identify important injector design parameters according to their effects on propellant mixing, flame stabilization, and thermal protection. For a given a space of design parameters, DOE determines the number of design points to perform LES-based simulations. POD-based emulations, trained by the LES database, can effectively explore the design space and deduce an optimal group of design parameters in a turn-around time that is reduced by three orders of magnitude. The accuracy of the emulated results is validated, and the uncertainty of prediction is quantified. The proposed design methodology is expected to profoundly extend the knowledge base and reduce the cost for initial design stages.     

基于仿真分析的压铆力预测模型

铆接是飞机结构机械连接的主要方式,压铆力作为影响铆接质量的重要因素,传统的计算方法通常是建立在体积不变的假设之上,且不考虑钉杆材料被压入钉孔部分的体积,导致模型误差较大。为此,依据仿真分析结果和铆钉材料的流动趋势,引入体积缩减系数来描述钉杆被压入钉孔部分的体积,建立压铆力预测模型,并与已有的试验数据进行对比,结果表明计算值与试验值的一致性较好,该模型可以用来预测铆接过程中压铆力的大小。     

空气动力学数值模拟的一种分量形式TVD格式

本文选取一个精度较高的ＴＶＤ限制子，把著名的二阶Ｍａｃ Ｃｏｒｍａｃｋ格式和Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ－Ｂｅａｍ格式结合，构造了一种分量形成的二阶ＴＶＤ差分格式。通过两个典型算例的计算，并与ＥＮＯ格式的结果比较，显示了该格式精度高和计算逻辑简单的特点。     

盘/轴系统瀑布图的仿真

介绍了以ＭＡＴＬＡＢＶ５．２为平台开发的盘／轴系统瀑布图的仿真程度，仿真的结果为设计和调整系统参数提供直观、可靠的依据。     

矢量控制的无刷交流电动机调速系统仿真

本文介绍交流无刷电动机调速系统的仿真方法，知仿真数学模型的建立，速度调节系统控制策略的确定及仿真ＳＩＭＵＬＩＮＫ实现等。本文也给出了一个基于仿真结果设计的实际调速系统。     

小型无人机在简化传感器配置下的自主回收控制系统设计

在具备多传感器条件下,借助多传感器信息融合算法可以实现小型无人机的自主回收任务,如何采用少量传感器完成任务是一个重要的研究方向.本文给出一种仅利用单GPS辅以高度表的组合方式来完成小型无人机的自主回收任务.文中以该传感器组合为基础,设计了回收过程中各阶段的控制器结构,并利用序列二次规划(SQP)算法选择了控制律参数,最后利用在Simulink环境下建立的系统数字仿真模型对所设计的控制器结构和控制律参数进行了仿真验 证.仿真结果表明可以完成小型无人机的自主回收任务.     

固体推进剂喷气羽烟对微波衰减的理论模拟

本文根据流体力学理论和等离子体知识,建立了推进剂喷气羽烟电磁特性的理论模型,并利用非平衡化学反应模拟了二次燃烧和电子捕获剂对喷气羽烟电磁特性的影响.计算值与实验结果的一致性较好,误差的最大值约为10%.模拟计算表明:添加少量电子捕获剂和降低铝粉含量,能有效地改善喷气羽烟的微波透射性.