Influence of shock wave impinging region on supersonic film cooling

Shock waves can significantly affect the film cooling for supersonic flow and shock waves may have different influence when impinging in different regions. The present study numerically compared the results of shock wave impinging in three different regions and analyzed the effect of impinging region. The shock wave generators were located at x/s = 5, 25, 45 with 4°, 7° and 10° shock wave incidence. The mainstream Mach number was 3.2 and the coolant Mach number was 1.2 or 1.5. The numerical results illustrated that the shock wave impinged in the further upstream region led to a larger high-pressure region and a larger vortex in the boundary layer. Moreover, placing the shock wave generator upstream resulted in the lower mass fraction of coolant in the downstream region. The velocity in the upstream part of the cooling layer was lower than the midstream and downstream part, which resulted in the less ability to resist the shock wave impingement. Therefore, the upstream impingement deteriorated the cooling performance to a greater extent. The study also manifested that the stronger shock wave had a larger effect on supersonic film cooling. Increasing the coolant inlet Mach number can increase the blowing ratio and reduce the mixing, which was of benefit to improve cooling effect.     

水下爆轰燃气泡形态与激波传播过程研究

针对脉冲爆轰发动机在水下工作过程中形成的燃气射流问题,搭建了水下爆轰燃气实验系统,研究了第一个爆轰循环中燃气泡发展变化过程。建立了基于气液两相双流体模型的脉冲爆轰发动机水下喷射模型,采用时-空守恒元和求解元方法,模拟了爆轰波与水相互作用形成的激波的传播及衰减过程。研究结果表明：燃气射流冲击水面时,燃气泡形态在膨胀阶段受到水介质的阻滞作用呈现“豌豆”状,其轴向与径向尺寸有不同的发展规律;同时燃气泡内由于气水冲击作用和燃气扩散受限一直保持较高压力;前导激波传播速度远大于燃气泡发展速度,脱离燃气泡后激波压力值迅速衰减至常压量级,且在中心轴线上的衰减最为剧烈,导致其强度指向性发生改变;前导激波在气液交界面处产生反射,回传的反射激波与后续气流形成的拦截激波碰撞在燃气泡内出现回击现象,使管口附近形成较高的压力峰值。     

Geoeffectiveness of interplanetary shocks controlled by impact angles: A review

The high variability of the Sun’s magnetic field is responsible for the generation of perturbations that propagate throughout the heliosphere. Such disturbances often drive interplanetary shocks in front of their leading regions. Strong shocks transfer momentum and energy into the solar wind ahead of them which in turn enhance the solar wind interaction with magnetic fields in its way. Shocks then eventually strike the Earth’s magnetosphere and trigger a myriad of geomagnetic effects observed not only by spacecraft in space, but also by magnetometers on the ground. Recently, it has been revealed that shocks can show different geoeffectiveness depending closely on the angle of impact. Generally, frontal shocks are more geoeffective than inclined shocks, even if the former are comparatively weaker than the latter. This review is focused on results obtained from modeling and experimental efforts in the last 15?years. Some theoretical and observational background are also provided.     

关于冲击信号的数字处理方法研究

介绍了冲击信号各面指标的计算方法,并着重介绍了如何将数字信号处理方法应用于冲击信号的处理中。     

跨音压气机叶栅的激波结构模型及损失

在分析讨论激波与附面层相互作用和栅后背压引起激波形状及强度变化的基础上, 给出了考虑激波/附面层相互作用及栅后背压的跨音叶栅激波结构的物理数学模型。应用本文所提出的模型分析了跨音叶栅的激波损失, 其结果和实验结果一致。激波损失的精确得出, 使得将激波与附面层相互作用所引起的流动分离损失从流动总损失中分离出来成为可能, 有助于了解激波与附面层相互作用引起流动分离的机理。      

具有阻尼耗散的DNLS方程的孤立子解析解

用变换和数值积分的方法找到了考虑欧姆阻尼效应时DNLS方程的一类含激波层结构的解析解,讨论了耗散对其振幅及磁场B_yB_z的影响.结果表明,耗散时激波厚度有很强的控制作用,耗散越小,激波厚度越大,B_y和B_z衰减越慢.耗散项很小时振幅基本不变,B_y和B_z过渡成孤立子解.      

变截面隔离段流场数值分析

对一种由矩形转变为圆形的变截面隔离段流场进行了数值模拟,并将其与圆形和矩形等截面隔离段内流场进行了对比。在相同来流条件和不同进出口压比条件下,分析了隔离段内激波串区域流动特性、激波串起始位置、激波串长度、出口处流量平均参数以及隔离段出口流场流动均匀性等隔离段性能。结果表明:相对于矩形截面隔离段,变截面隔离段中的分离区域有变短、变宽的趋势。这不仅能够有效降低激波串长度和内阻,而且产生了主流和壁面之间的横向流动。最后,对变截面隔离段中激波串长度与压比之间的关系公式进行了修正。     

高超声速二元进气道脉冲起动双波结构的理论与数值研究

为了研究高超声速进气道的脉冲起动特性,对二元高超声速进气道在脉冲风洞中流场建立过程进行了数值模拟,并根据运动激波关系式建立了双波结构数学模型,分析了进气道脉冲起动过程中双波结构的产生及传播过程。研究表明通过理论计算得到的双波结构气动参数与仿真结果基本一致。结合仿真发现进气道脉冲起动过程流场的主要特征包括:运动激波与斜激波相交、激波/边界层相互干扰以及分离包的空间位置和自身体积变化、进气道自起动过程等。另外结合双波结构计算模型,通过仿真研究了影响双波结构流动参数及影响进气道脉冲起动特性的因素,发现初始条件影响进气道的脉冲起动特性主要是通过改变双波结构的强度实现的。      

一种典型冲击试验夹具的优化设计

根据冲击试验夹具的设计要求，以夹具几何参数为设计变量，以试件－夹具连接处的期望响应与实际响应差异最小为目标，建立了优化设计的数学模型，同时规定了几何、强度、刚度、体积等约束条件。然后在ANSYS上建立了有限元模型，采用子问题近似方法进行了动力响应优化求解，获得了合理的优化结果。本文的研究为冲击试验夹具的设计提出了一条新思路。     

斜激波串非对称特性研究

针对马赫数2.0～4.0均匀来流条件下斜激波串流场的非对称特征开展了数值仿真研究和建模分析.通过改变出口背压和入口马赫数条件分析了不同状态的激波串结构形态,利用前缘激波起始点位置差定义了激波串非对称度系数,分析得到了激波串的非对称度系数变化规律.结果表明,斜激波串出现非对称现象时,前缘激波起始点位置和前缘激波角度均不相...