A novel control method for turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed based on the Ngdot estimator through LQG/LTR and rotor predicted torque feedforward

In order to compensate for the disturbance of wide variation in rotor demanded torque on power turbine speed and realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine during variable rotor speed, a cascade PID control method based on the acceleration estimator of gas turbine speed (Ngdot) and rotor predicted torque feedforward is proposed. Firstly, a two-speed Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) model is applied in the integrated rotor/turboshaft engine system to achieve variable rotor speed. Then, an online estimation method of Ngdot based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian with Loop Transfer Recovery (LQG/LTR) is proposed for power turbine speed cascade control. Finally, according to the cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator, a rotor demanded torque predicted method based on the Min-batch Gradient Descent-Neural Network (MGD-NN) is put forward to compromise the influence of rotor torque interference. The simulation results show that compared with cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator and the one combined with collective pitch feedforward control, the novel control method proposed can reduce the overshoot of power turbine speed by more than 20%, which possesses faster response, superior dynamic effect and satisfactory robustness performance. The control method proposed can realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed better.     

基于核主成分分析的空域复杂度无监督评估

空域复杂度评估作为衡量空域运行态势、管制员工作压力的关键手段，是运行调控的基础。由于影响因素众多，不同因素间耦合关联复杂，且标定样本很难获取，空域复杂度的准确评估被公认为航空领域的一个挑战性问题。提出了一种空域复杂度的无监督评估方法。首先通过核主成分分析挖掘原始样本各维度的非线性耦合关系，准确提取能够最大化复杂度评估信息量的主成分，进一步设计了可按需定制的主成分聚类方法，实现了无监督条件下空域复杂度的准确评估，为空域划分、流量管理提供了有效的技术支撑。     

Application of a PCA-DBN-based surrogate model to robust aerodynamic design optimization

An efficient method employing a Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Deep Belief Network (DBN)-based surrogate model is developed for robust aerodynamic design optimization in this study. In order to reduce the number of design variables for aerodynamic optimizations, the PCA technique is implemented to the geometric parameters obtained by parameterization method. For the purpose of predicting aerodynamic parameters, the DBN model is established with the reduced design variables as input and the aerodynamic parameters as output, and it is trained using the k-step contrastive divergence algorithm. The established PCA-DBN-based surrogate model is validated through predicting lift-to-drag ratios of a set of airfoils, and the results indicate that the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model is reliable and obtains more accurate predictions than three other surrogate models. Then the efficient optimization method is established by embedding the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model into an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) framework, and applied to the robust aerodynamic design optimizations of Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) airfoil and transonic wing. The optimization results indicate that the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model works very well as a prediction model in the robust optimization processes of both NLF airfoil and transonic wing. By employing the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model, the developed efficient method improves the optimization efficiency obviously.     

涡扇发动机低压部件通流耦合计算

为了研究各部件匹配与过渡段几何参数对发动机总体性能的影响,针对某涡扇发动机风扇、低压涡轮、内外涵道、掺混段和尾喷管等部件,基于周向平均Navier-St okes通流控制方程,采用时间推进有限体积法进行了部件耦合计算求解,将沿程各部件性能计算参数与试验做了对比,结果表明:在设计状态下发动机沿程各截面计算特征参数与试验值最大误差不超过5.0%,说明该通流耦合计算方法能够快速预估发动机总体性能,完善各部件匹配关系,在发动机总体设计初期有一定工程应用价值。     

基于主成分分析法的地磁导航适配区域选择

地磁场信息量越大的区域,导航性能越好。借用数理统计和信息论中的概念,设定了多个评价地磁场信息特点的指标,并通过主成分分析法,排除了相关指标,得到综合指标值,客观、定量地分析了适配区的导航性能,从而选择最佳导航适配区。仿真表明,本文方法是一种选择地磁导航工作区的有效方法,选择的适配区导航误差小。     

基于正激波位置计算的进气道/发动机系统实时仿真模型

研究了超声速条件下,基于进气道内正激波位置计算的进气道/发动机系统综合仿真问题。提出了将超声速进气道分为内、外两部分独立计算的方案,外部通过斜激波计算公式获得进气道内部的边界条件,对进气道内部采用准一维CFD模型模拟背压对正激波位置的影响。相比二维CFD计算,在保证参数精度要求的前提下有效缩短了计算时间,提高了仿真实时性。进一步将进气道模型与发动机部件级模型匹配运行,构建了进气道与发动机综合实时仿真模型。进气道/发动机综合模型的仿真表明,其能够准确模拟进气道正激波位置对涡扇发动机的动稳态影响,当来流发生扰动时,通过喷管喉道面积和压缩部件导叶角的快速调节,能够抑制正激波位置的变化,并使推力下降量减少50%。      

基于mSDTFT的无速度传感器异步电机转速估计

采用Teager-Kaiser能量算子对定子电流进行解调,有效消除了基频频谱泄露对提取转子速度谐波的影响,然后分析了SDTFT对转速估计精度的影响,在此基础上提出一种新的mSDTFT频谱分析方法估计转速。该方法有效降低了计算开销,特别是可以只针对某些需要的谱线进行计算,提高了谱分析的灵活性和高效性。试验结果表明,所提方法在不同负载条件下能够有效提取转子速度谐波,且具有较高的转速估计精度。     

基于气路参数融合的涡扇发动机性能退化预测

针对单参数驱动的涡扇发动机性能退化预测精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于气路参数融合的涡扇发动机性能退化预测的方法。通过监测发动机性能退化过程中多源参数,采用专家经验和核主成分分析相结合的方法,进行发动机性能参数的选择和融合,从而构建健康参数。基于非线性Wiener过程构建涡扇发动机退化模型,采用极大似然方法求得发动机退化模型的离线参数估计值;由于不同发动机性能退化的差异性,基于贝叶斯更新理念对随机参数进行实时更新,可以实现对单台发动机的性能退化实时预测。通过实例验证,采用此方法在预测末端方均根误差为0.028 3,整体预测精度提升了54.5%,可以辅助指导维修决策。      

Framework and development of data-driven physics based model with application in dimensional accuracy prediction in pocket milling

In the manufacturing of thin wall components for aerospace industry, apart from the side wall contour error, the Remaining Bottom Thickness Error (RBTE) for the thin-wall pocket component (e.g. rocket shell) is of the same importance but overlooked in current research. If the RBTE reduces by 30%, the weight reduction of the entire component will reach up to tens of kilograms while improving the dynamic balance performance of the large component. Current RBTE control requires the off-process measurement of limited discrete points on the component bottom to provide the reference value for compensation. This leads to incompleteness in the remaining bottom thickness control and redundant measurement in manufacturing. In this paper, the framework of data-driven physics based model is proposed and developed for the real-time prediction of critical quality for large components, which enables accurate prediction and compensation of RBTE value for the thin wall components. The physics based model considers the primary root cause, in terms of tool deflection and clamping stiffness induced Axial Material Removal Thickness (AMRT) variation, for the RBTE formation. And to incorporate the dynamic and inherent coupling of the complicated manufacturing system, the multi-feature fusion and machine learning algorithm, i.e. kernel Principal Component Analysis (kPCA) and kernel Support Vector Regression (kSVR), are incorporated with the physics based model. Therefore, the proposed data-driven physics based model combines both process mechanism and the system disturbance to achieve better prediction accuracy. The final verification experiment is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for dimensional accuracy prediction in pocket milling, and the prediction accuracy of AMRT achieves 0.014 mm and 0.019 mm for straight and corner milling, respectively.