Comparison of strapdown inertial navigation algorithm based on rotation vector and dual quaternion

 For the navigation algorithm of the strapdown inertial navigation system, by comparing to the equations of the dual quaternion and quaternion, the superiority of the attitude algorithm based on dual quaternion over the ones based on rotation vector in accuracy is analyzed in the case of the rotation of navigation frame. By comparing the update algorithm of the gravitational velocity in dual quaternion solution with the compensation algorithm of the harmful acceleration in traditional velocity solution, the accuracy advantage of the gravitational velocity based on dual quaternion is addressed. In view of the idea of the attitude and velocity algorithm based on dual quaternion, an improved navigation algorithm is proposed, which is as much as the rotation vector algorithm in computational complexity. According to this method, the attitude quaternion does not require compensating as the navigation frame rotates. In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis, simulations are carried out utilizing the software, and the simulation results show that the accuracy of the improved algorithm is approximately equal to the dual quaternion algorithm.     

线加速度台中稳速台转动对随动台定位稳定性的影响

针对线加速度台用于加速度计测试时,随动台定位受稳速台旋转干扰的现象进行了分析,提出被测设备质量要在负载允许范围内,使设备质心尽可能靠近随动台回转中心,并对其配平,以使稳速台转动带来的干扰力矩大大降低,保证测试中随动台的定位准确度及稳定性。     

基于惯性系的双轴旋转式惯导系统转位方法

针对双轴旋转式惯导系统中不能自动补偿标度因数误差与地球自转耦合误差的问题,提出了一种改进的转位方法。该方法不增加转轴数目,通过补偿地球自转在转轴平面的投影抑制耦合误差项,计算结果表明该方法适用于激光陀螺惯导系统和光纤陀螺惯导系统。利用改进的转位方法对双轴旋转式惯导系统进行仿真,仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性。研究结果为双轴旋转式惯导系统的工程设计和改进提供了一定的理论支持。     

涡轮叶片带扰流柱尾缘通道冷气流动的数值分析(“两机”专刊)

在涡轮叶片尾缘通道中添加扰流柱可以改变尾缝内冷气流量的分配及流场均匀性,但同时会增加流阻,因此尾缘通道中扰流柱和尾缝的几何匹配对叶片的换热性能有较大影响。本文采用数值方法,以尾缘通道内无扰流柱模型M0为基准模型,对比分析在静止和三种旋转速度下带有三种不同扰流柱结构的尾缘内部流动。其中,M1添加单列扰流柱,数目13,直径D=2mm;M2与M3添加双列叉排扰流柱,数目分别为16和17,直径D=1.2mm,两模型仅在靠近尾缝1处扰流柱布局不同。数值结果揭示：（1）尾缘通道扰流柱可有效增加各尾缝冷气出流的均匀性,对1~3尾缝内的流动影响较大,小直径叉排扰流柱布置形式更优于大直径单排;（2）与M0相比,三组带扰流柱模型的通道压力损失稍有增加。其中,M2和M3基本相同,因对流场扰动较大,略高于M1;（3）随着旋转速度的增加,尾缝内压力损失逐渐降低,但四组模型尾缝内的流场结构没有明显改变。     

无速度反馈的航天器姿轨耦合跟踪控制

提出了一种无速度反馈的航天器姿轨耦合跟踪控制算法。首先建立起基于对偶四元数的带扰动和参数不确定性的航天器姿轨耦合动力学模型。然后基于浸入与不变流形理论设计了速度观测器,通过增益注入对非线性项抑制,从而同时估计角速度和线速度。利用李雅普诺夫函数分析了观测器状态量的收敛性以及注入增益的有界性,证明了该观测器的指数稳定性。最后设计了一个比例-微分（PD）位置与姿态跟踪控制器,该控制器可以实现航天器的任意姿态与位置跟踪,分析了这种观测-控制结构的闭环系统渐近稳定性。仿真验证了该速度观测器和控制器的有效性以及对于参数不确定性和测量噪声具有较好的鲁棒性。     

旋转通道内流阻特性实验的实现与验证

针对涡轮叶片的蛇形内冷通道内流阻特性的研究,在北京航空航天大学航空发动机气动热力国家级重点实验室的旋转涡轮叶片内冷通道换热实验台上构建了旋转工况的测压系统.该测压系统具有高精度、多路选通、高压高旋转数等特点.在通道进口雷诺数从20000~70000,旋转数从0~1.025的范围内,实验研究了旋转状态下,冷态与热态流场下方形截面光滑U形通道流阻系数.实验结果与国外同类实验对比验证了构建的实验系统的可靠性和优越性.实验结果表明:低雷诺数下静止工况的流阻随雷诺数增大而增大,并在雷诺数增大到一定值后转而减小.冷态下流阻随旋转数增大而增大,低旋转数下旋转对热态流阻影响并不显著,高旋转数下热态流阻随旋转数增大而显著增大.      

A review of recent studies on rotating internal cooling for gas turbine blades

Gas turbines have been used extensively for aircraft and marine propulsions as well as land-based power generation because of their high thermal efficiency and large power to weight ratios. To further increase the thermal efficiency, numerous prior researches on gas turbine blade internal cooling have been intensively carried out, majorly under stationary conditions. However, the stationary studies neglect the effects of Coriolis and buoyancy forces, which should change the velocity, turbulence and temperature distribution under rotating conditions. To elucidate the rotational effects on gas turbine internal cooling, the extensive results collected from recent investigations are discussed, which include the rotation and buoyancy effects on the rib turbulated cooling, pin fin cooling, jet impingement cooling, dimple/protrusion cooling, latticework cooling as well as swirl cooling. The rotational effects on the friction factors and the most employed experimental and numerical methods are also presented. Moreover, recommendations for future research are outlined. Therefore, this review article provides extensive literature information for the design of the next-generation high-efficiency internal cooling for rotating turbine blades.     

高速转动壳体行波振动实验研究

本文对轴对称薄壁壳结构的振动特性进行了试验研究。对一圆柱薄壳在静止状态和高速旋转状态下进行了模态试验。试验结果验证了轴对称薄壁壳在转动状态下,由于科氏力的影响,同一模态在转动坐标系中,存在不同频率的前后行波。为理论计算和发生在航空发动机中转动薄壁件振动设计,提供了可靠的试验依据。     

伞状天线旋转关节运动功能的可靠性分析

针对某星载伞状天线展开机构中的旋转关节,分析指出了其运动功能可靠性中包含了两个并联的功能函数:即矩的功能函数和功的功能函数;利用随机函数的矩法和可靠性分析中的一次二阶矩法,分别对天线展开过程中的起始阶段、展开阶段和网面产生预紧力阶段,构建了按矩的功能函数和按功的功能函数对应的可靠性计算表达式;通过实例计算获得了天线展开机构运动功能的可靠性指标随展开角度的变化结果.      

旋转失速状态下叶片激振频率的研究

研究了各不同几何状态下（平均半径处叶片安装角从３２．９°－４７．９°，叶栅稠度从０．５８３－１．１６５）的旋转失速流场及叶片受迫振动的激振频率。在失速压力信号为非正弦信号及周向叶片并非完全轴对称的假设下，建立了旋转失速状态下叶片激振频率的预测公式，预测结果与实验结果较好的吻合表明，本文所提出的预测公式是可靠的，满足工程精度要求。