Effects of Hybrid Voltages on Oxide Formation on 6061 Al-alloys During Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is carried out on 6061 Al-alloys in a weak alkaline electrolyte containing NaOH, Na₂SiO₃ and NaCl. Centered on the correlation of composition and structure, analyses by means of X-ray diffration (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are conducted on the specimens, which have been PEO-treated under hybrid voltages of different direct current (DC) values (140-280 V) with constant alternate current (AC) amplitude (200 V). Attention is paid to the composition, properties and growth mechanism of oxide layers formed with hybrid voltages. Moreover, the main effects of DC value are discussed. Ceramic layers with a double-layer structure which combines hard outer and soft inner layers are found to be consist of α-Al₂O₃, γ-Al₂O₃ and mullite. With the DC values increasing, the growth of the ceramic layers tends to have increasingly obvious three-stage feature.     

论裂纹扩展J积分阻力曲线变化规律的影响因素

本文对大塑性变形条件下，裂纹稳定扩展过程的J积分阻力曲线变化规律进行了全面的分析。给出了不同约束条件下dJ／da与试样的载荷因子L、裂纹尖端张开角CTOA及裂纹扩展时的瞬时旋转中心的系数r之间的理论表达式。从而论证了不同约束条件下，试样的几何尺寸因素对其J阻力曲线变化趋势的影响规律。     

NiAl-30．9Cr-3Mo-0．1Dy合金的微观结构与高温氧化行为

研究了NiAl 30 9Cr 3Mo 0 1Dy合金的微观组织以及在 1300~1500K空气中的恒温氧化行为。实验结果表明,加入微量Dy使合金组织细化,表现为单位体积中共晶团数目增多,Cr(Mo)层片间距减小和Cr(Mo)层片细化。增韧相(Cr(Mo) )与基体相NiAl的互相析出,有利于层状的氧化膜形成,进而提高合金的抗高温氧化性能。合金在 1500K氧化动力学曲线基本上遵循抛物线关系;而氧化温度在 1350~1450K之间,氧化动力学曲线很好地符合立方抛物线关系;当温度为 1300K时,氧化动力学曲线则符合五次方关系。立方抛物线氧化速率常数低于未合金化NiAl的抛物线氧化速率常数,并随着温度降低和氧化时间的延长而逐渐变小,合金的氧化表观激活能为 205kJ/mol。     

Plasma Niobium Surface Alloying of Pure Titanium and its Oxidation at 900 ℃

A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niobium composition in the modified layer decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate. The oxidation behavior of the niobium-modified layer was investigated and compared with the untreated surface at 900 ℃ for 100 h. Characterization of the layers was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The test results show that the oxidation behavior of pure titanium was improved by niobium alloying process. Niobium has a positive influence on the oxidation resistance.     

磷酸铬铝高温透波材料的制备和性能研究

以氢氧化铝、氧化铬和磷酸为原料制备磷酸铬铝，通过对反应体系粘度的监测，控制反应程度、确定反应时间。采用DSC-TG和XRD分析研究体系固化特性和耐热性能。对层间剪切强度进行测试．初步评价磷酸铬铝复合材料的性能。结果表明，控制反应时间为1h时可以得到转化率较高、粘度适当的体系。DSC—TG分析表明，该体系固化成型温度低于200℃，成型工艺简单，同时结合。XRD分析证明此材料体系具有优异的耐高温性能。对其复合材料层剪强度的研究发现，增强体材料表面进行涂层保护可有效地克服体系对增强体的腐蚀．有利于复合材料性能的改善。     

飞机刹车盘用炭/炭复合材料新型防氧化复合涂层

 研究了一种工艺简单、成本低廉的飞机刹车盘用炭/炭复合材料防氧化复合涂层。该复合涂层由两层组成，其中内层由硼酸制备而成，外层由硼粉、炭化硼、氧化硅玻璃粉、有机硅树脂以及铝粉和铁粉制备成。恒温氧化和热震实验的结果表明：在700 ℃下空气中恒温氧化50 h后，带该涂层试样的氧化失重率只有0.08％，同时在700 ℃下空气中热循环50次后，试样的氧化失重率也只有0.12％。另外，用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能量分散谱(EDX)、Raman光谱和差热分析(DTA)等方法分析了涂层的防氧化机理。     

电沉积烧结薄膜高温氧化性能研究

用电沉积烧结方法在１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢表面形成铬、钇氧化物薄膜，通过研究比较不同沉积条件试样氧化层的高温氧化行为，发现１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ表面经铬、钇氧化物改性后抗高温氧化性能得到提高。     

Plasma Niobium Surface Alloying of Pure Titanium and its Oxidation at 900℃

A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niobium composition in the modified layer decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate. The oxidation behavior of the niobium-modified layer was investigated and com- pared with the untreated surface at 900 ℃ for 100 h. Characterization of the layers was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The test results show that the oxidation behavior of pure titanium was improved by niobium alloying process. Niobium has a positive influence on the oxidation resistance.     

盐雾腐蚀对热障涂层高温循环氧化性能的影响

利用电子束物理气相沉积法在Ni基高温合金表面制备了(ZrO₂＋MCrAlY)双层结构热障涂层。研究了常温盐雾腐蚀对其循环氧化行为的影响。试验结果表明涂层经过常温盐雾腐蚀后,陶瓷层的裂纹发生扩展,氧化锆晶体挤压、变形,同时由于常温盐雾环境的作用导致涂层在高温氧化过程中粘结层氧化严重,生成的热生长氧化层产生较大的体积膨胀效应,导致应力集中,降低了涂层的高温循环氧化性能,缩短了涂层的寿命。     

表面处理对热障涂层界面微结构的影响

采用真空电弧离子镀技术在单晶高温合金DD32上制备HY5金属粘结层,通过振动光饰、吹砂2种不同的表面处理方法改变粘结层表面状态,再在粘结层表面利用电子束物理气相沉积技术制备陶瓷层。研究了不同处理方法对粘结层表面状态的影响;测试了不同表面处理方法下制备的热障涂层的高温氧化性能并对比分析了它们的变化规律。此外,探讨了不同表面处理方法对界面元素成分及失效特征的影响。研究结果表明,通过表面处理可以去除粘结层表面较大的凸起,提高表面平整度,提高热障涂层抗氧化性能。与粗糙界面相比,光滑界面形成的TGO层均匀致密,Al含量高。经长时间的高温氧化后,粗糙界面的TGO层出现明显皱曲现象,陶瓷层开裂剥落。