Impact of the time span selected to calibrate the ballistic parameter on spacecraft re-entry predictions

The trajectory modeling of satellites that are re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere, as a result of natural orbital decay, has always been a challenging task. Residual lifetime estimations and re-entry predictions are affected by substantial uncertainties, associated with atmospheric density models, with the forecasts of the relevant solar and geomagnetic activity indices and with tracking data, which for uncontrolled re-entries are usually sparse and not particularly accurate. Furthermore, modeling the aerodynamic forces that act on low altitude satellites is a formidable task, especially for objects of a complex shape and unknown attitude evolution.     

Residual stress determination in friction stir butt welded joints using a digital image correlation-aided slitting technique

This paper presents an incremental cutting method for evaluating the longitudinal residual stresses in a butt welded thin plate via combining the traditional residual stress measurement methods and the advanced optical technique.The proposed approach,which can be called digital image correlation (DIC)-aided slitting technique,introduces a successive extension slot to a speci men and employs the DIC technique to measure the released displacement profiles of the cutting sections after each cutting increment.Then the displacement profiles are used to directly calculate the residual stress distributions up to the slot tip and hence,a stress distribution can be obtained after a cutting increment.Finally,all of the stress distributions are averaged to ultimately determine the original residual stress field.This method does not include any complex experimental operations or tedious derivation,and the resolution of stress variation is greatly improved by the continuous measurement of the released displacements.The presented method has been preliminarily verified by a specimen with residual stress introduced by a four-point bending test.The results show that residual stresses determined by the DIC-aided slitting technique agree well with those from finite element (FE) prediction.The residual stress in a friction stir welded aluminum specimen obtained by the presented technique is also consistent with the evaluations given by X-ray diffraction.Fur thermore,the residual stresses obtained by the DIC-aided slitting technique demonstrate higher accuracy and stability than the evaluations derived by the DIC-aided contour method.     

Experimental investigation of laser peening on TiAl alloy microstructure and properties

In order to study the effect of laser peening on microstructures and properties of Ti Al alloy, Ti Al alloy samples were treated by Nd:YAG laser system with the wavelength of 1064 nm,pulse-width of 18 ns, and pulse-energy of 0–10 J. Surface micro-hardness, roughness, and microstructural characteristics were tested with micro-hardness tester, roughness tester and scanning electron microscope. Residual stress and pole figures were tested with X-ray diffraction and its high-temperature stability was analyzed. The experimental results show that surface micro-hardness increases by up to 30%, roughness increases to 0.37 lm, compressive residual stress increases to 337 MPa, and local texture and typical lamellar microstructure are generated. Residual stress, micro-hardness, and(002) pole figures tests are conducted, compressive residual stress value drops from 337 MPa to 260 MPa, hardness value drops from 377 HV_(0.2) to 343 HV_(0.2), and the(002)poles shift back to the center slightly. Laser peening improves microstructure and properties of Ti Al alloy significantly.     

起落架缓冲支柱柱塞组件故障分析及改进研究

某起落架缓冲支柱修理时发现柱塞组件的螺母螺纹发生咬合变形,为了探究该故障发生的原因,根据柱塞组件的结构特点与工作原理,构建螺纹咬合变形故障的故障树,基于历史试验数据、螺纹剩余强度分析以及产品状态检查等方法对故障树底事件逐一分析并进行改进研究。结果表明：螺母设计缺陷和螺母未装配到位是导致螺纹发生咬合变形的原因;将螺距改为...     

TC17钛合金铣削刀具磨损对残余应力影响研究

为了获得高性能航空发动机用TC17钛合金材料铣削过程中刀具磨损对残余应力的影响规律,通过对不同刀具后刀面磨损量下铣削工件表层残余应力的测试,建立了刀具磨损对残余应力的影响关系,并对影响机理进行了分析。结果表明,硬质合金刀具低速铣削钛合金时,刀具对已加工表面的挤光效应引起的残余压应力占主导地位;不同刀具后刀面磨损量下,残余压应力沿深度方向先增大达到一个最大压应力值后,然后减小趋向于零应力;表面残余应力、最大残余压应力以及残余应力的影响深度都随刀具后刀面磨损量的增大呈增大趋势。     

基于剩余强度的复合材料补片形状优化研究

以复合材料层合板的圆形孔洞损伤为例,利用三维有限元模型分析了六种不同形状补片修补结构在受纵向拉伸时的应力分布情况.分别仿真了常规形状的补片以及混合型形状的补片修补情形,同时利用由剩余强度理论和局部应力应变法相结合得出的数学模型,对各种修补模型进行了剩余强度的计算.通过计算得出,带倒角矩形、两圆相交型等混合型补片对损伤母板进行修理后其强度恢复明显,应力峰值较小.混合型形状补片对复合材料贴补修理有一定的指导意义.     

TC4钛合金盘铣开槽加工残余应力

整体叶盘盘铣开槽加工过程中铣削力大,铣削温度高,会在加工表面表成较深的残余应力层,对零件的疲劳寿命造成严重影响。为提高零件的疲劳寿命,本文以钛合金试块为研究对象,利用残余应力测试分析系统测量表面残余应力,利用拨层法测量次表面的残余应力,采用线性回归技术建立残余应力预测模型,并利用极差分析法分析工艺参数对残余应力的影响规律。试验结果表明:盘铣表面均为压应力,且轮毂面上的残余应力大于叶盆叶背面上的残余应力,均由挤光效应引起;回归预测模型的显著性水平为0. 01,其回归效果良好;各因素对σAx、σAy(σAx、σAy分别表示轮毂面x、y方向残余应力)的影响程度依次为主轴转速>进给速度>切削深度;对σBx(σBx表示叶盆叶背面x方向上的残余应力)的影响程度依次为主轴转速>切削深度>进给速度;残余应力纵向均为压应力,轮毂面上的分布深度为230~270μm,叶盆叶背面上的分布深度为170~175μm。     

碳/ 碳复合材料机械加工残余应力实验研究与规律分析

采用适宜于测试复合材料的残余应力测试方法——钻孔法,通过二次通用旋转组合设计实验,采用电镀金刚石刀具铣磨加工碳/碳复合材料,选取切削深度、切削宽度、切削速率、进给量四个因素进行实验.实验结果分析表明,回归得到基于二次多项式的数学模型,进一步分析了残余应力随各加工参数的变化规律,整体寻优得到了残余应力的极值.研究表明,铣磨加工碳/碳复合材料,残余应力皆为压应力.伴随着切削速率的增长,残余应力存在渐进值.本次实验中,残余应力趋于-16 MPa稳定.伴随着切削宽度、切削深度、进给量的增大,机械加工残余应力表现为先增大后减小(压应力即残余应力的绝对值先减小后增大).本次实验中,各加工参数的变化分界点分别为:切削宽度aw=6mm;切削深度ap=0.5 mm;进给量f=200 mm/min .     

基于改进SST模型的分离流动数值模拟

对SST湍流模型进行了改进,并通过对典型分离流动进行数值模拟,来检验和提高模型预测分离流动的能力.基于亚声速分离流动,提出了提高雷诺应力的模拟精度和分离流修正的改进方法,并进行了对比研究得出结论;在亚声速分离流动分析结论基础上,采用了可压缩性修正方法,开展了跨声速、超声速和高超声速激波/边界层干扰分离流动的数值模拟研究.结果表明:提高雷诺应力的模拟精度和采用分离流修正明显地提高了SST湍流模型对分离流动的模拟能力;适当地可压缩性修正对超声速和高超声速分离流动的计算精度有改善作用.     

大尺寸弹丸喷丸成形2024-T351铝合金表面质量研究

针对2024-T351铝合金进行直径3mm大弹丸喷丸成形及直径0.58mm小弹丸喷丸强化试验,观测试样在不同喷丸参数下的表面形貌,并对表层显微硬度及残余应力分布进行测试,为整体壁板喷丸成形的工艺设计提供重要依据。