高致密多孔层板结构选型研究

针对6种高致密多孔层板结构,利用CFD软件进行流动与换热的数值模拟,分析了冲击孔、扰流柱以及气膜孔的排列方式对层板流动特性和冷却效率的影响。计算结果表明:6种不同的排列方式,总压力损失均为4.5%左右,其中气流流经冲击壁与气膜壁的压力损失为2.2%左右;不同结构的双层板当量流量系数在0.86左右;层板的排列方式对综合冷却效果影响较大,在其他结构参数不变的情况下,不同的排列方式之间的综合冷却效率最大差值达到10%,在流体流动方向上,各排列的气膜壁面的温度梯度由最初的21K/mm减小到15K/mm;综合考虑各项因素的影响,气膜孔呈梭形排布最优的排列方式,其综合冷却效率最好。     

Investigation of lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

A new identification method is proposed to solve the problem of the influence on the loaded excitation signals brought by high feedback gain augmentation in lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification of fly-by-wire（FBW） passenger airliners. Taking for example an FBW passenger airliner model with directional relaxed-static-stability, through analysis of its signal energy distribution and airframe frequency response, a new method is proposed for signal type selection, signal parameters design, and the appropriate frequency relationship between the aileron and rudder excitation signals. A simulation validation is presented of the FBW passenger airliner＇s lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification. The validation result demonstrates that the designed signal can excite the lateral-directional motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and persistently. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 5%.     

深空探测用低温推进剂贮箱热力排气系统研究

Cryogenic propellant usually experiences long term on orbit storage. The pressure increase in cryogenic storage tank is faced by most of space missions. The thermodynamic vent system (TVS) is treated as the promising method to control the increase of the tank pressure by scholars both at home and abroad. Based on the investigation conducted by different research agencies, literature review and management are conducted to reflect the recent research statue on TVS. The development profile of the experimental research on the pressure control performance of TVS is specially summarized. The condition setting and performance difference of TVS conducted by different agencies are compared and analyzed. The key technique and related conclusion are refined during the operation of TVS. Finally, based on the requirement of the large scale using of cryogenic propellant in deep space exploration in China, the development plan is proposed on the aspect of TVS pressure control on cryogenic storage tanks.     

减压器增压过程中的振荡抑制措施

为解决大流量减压器在增压过程中出现的剧烈振荡问题,开展了仿真和试验研究.建立了减压器非稳态模型并开展数值计算,得到了减压器的振荡特性,该特性与试验结果基本一致.根据仿真结果提出了卸荷腔气体从入口管路引入的外置式卸荷方案.结果表明:该方案成功解决了振荡问题,减压器能够持续、稳定地增压.     

Unsteady Flow and Pressure Pulsations in a ModelAxial-Vortex Stage Inducer

In consideration of improving cavitation capacity of centrifugal pump to inhibit pressure pulsations, vibrations and dynamic loads in flow passing areas, alleviating damages of reusable liquid rocket engine turbo-pumps caused by cavitation erosion and satisfying the requirements of high rotation speed, low inlet pressure, small sizes and light weight, three dimensional simulations of unsteady pressure pulsation and cavitation capacity are carried out to a single screw inducer and an inducer with axial-vortex stage utilizing CFD methods. The results show that compared with single screw inducer, inducer with axial-vortex stage has 25% higher cavitation coefficient, 30% higher initial cavitation coefficient and lower pressure pulsation of blade passing frequency in the outlet of inducer, which all prove that cavitation capacity is obviously ameliorated.     

基于模糊径向基函数神经网络的永磁同步电机滑模观测器设计

针对传统滑模控制易导致系统出现抖振的问题,提出了一种模糊径向基函数(RBF)神经网络滑模观测器来实现永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器控制。为了减小观测器系统抖振,利用模糊RBF神经网络算法动态调整滑模增益,并采用李雅普诺夫稳定性定理证明了该模糊神经网络观测器的稳定性；利用锁相环(PLL)技术提高估算精度,并削弱计算噪声。基于MATLAB/Simulink软件平台搭建了仿真模型,将模糊RBF神经网络滑模观测器系统与传统滑模观测系统进行对比。结果表明,与传统的滑模观测器相比,新型滑模观测器能够快速、有效地跟踪转子位置,精确估算出转子速度,同时具有较好的动态特性。     

锥形旋流器内燃料分布对模型燃烧室近贫熄状态的影响

针对近贫熄状态,研究锥形旋流器内燃料分布对模型燃烧室燃烧稳定的影响。在不同空气流量下对头部燃料分布A和B分别进行了锥形旋流器模型燃烧室的贫熄状态实验。结果表明:同样的进气条件下,分布B在贫熄时刻的过量空气系数是分布A的4倍以上,并在可比较的实验流量范围内保持明显的优势;分布B的火焰可以由锥形旋流器外缩入锥形旋流器内熄灭,而分布A的火焰不能缩入旋流器内部,只能在锥形旋流器外部以整团火焰的形态熄灭;锥形旋流器头部中心轴线上引入的少量燃料对燃烧室近贫熄状态的压力脉动有极大影响,分布B的压力波动幅值比分布A降低90%以上,压力波动主频从88Hz减小到50Hz。结合数值模拟计算,从切向涡量角度分析了近贫熄火焰前端稳定在不同位置的原因,比较了两种燃气分布下局部流场物理参数分布的差异,有助于理解与认识锥形旋流器内燃料分布对燃烧稳定性的影响。     

盒栅式电子倍增系统在不同路径下的模拟计算研究

利用CST软件对不同路径的盒栅式电子倍增系统进行建模，将相邻打拿极的排布分为“Z”型和“U”型。模拟计算这两种最小打拿极排布单元及其衍生路径下，电子倍增系统内电场分布、电子运行轨迹和电子倍增增益的差异。模拟结果显示，不同打拿极排布下电子倍增系统内的电场分布差异不大，但电子运行轨迹和电子倍增增益差别显著。结合盒栅式电子倍增系统实际装配的合理性，通过计算分析得出打拿极排布的基本原则，并在八级打拿极结构的情况下，优化得出较合理的排布路径。     

Thermospheric winds over Abuja during solar minimum period

Monthly variations of averaged nighttime thermospheric winds have been investigated over Abuja, Nigeria (Geographic: 9.06°N, 7.5°E; Geomagnetic: 1.60°S). The reports are based on Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements of Doppler shifts and Doppler broadening of the 630.0 nm spectral emission. The results were obtained during a period of weak solar activity with the solar flux (F10.7) typically below 70 solar flux units. Inspection of the average monthly thermospheric winds from October 2017 to December 2017 found December meridional winds to be more equatorward than the October and November winds. Zonal winds are eastward with pre-midnight maximum speeds going above 100 m/s. Compared to Jicamarca zonal winds in the Peruvian sector for the same month of October, the magnitude of maximum Abuja zonal wind speed is weaker. We compare the observed diurnal variation with the recently updated Horizontal wind model (HWM 14). Most of the observational features of thermospheric wind diurnal variation are captured in the model variation. The HWM14 generally showed good agreement with the Abuja October and November zonal wind observations but overestimates the December meridional winds. Expected longer period analysis of the results from Abuja will stimulate a better understanding of wind climatology over the West African sector.     

基于LMI极点配置的高空台飞行环境模拟系统PI增益调度控制研究

针对高空台飞行环境模拟系统的温度和压力在整个工作包线内的鲁棒性能控制问题，提出了一种基于LMI极点配置的PI增益调度控制设计方法。在考虑变比热容腔微分方程、管道热传导、调节阀流量特性、液压伺服动态、传感器增益对飞行环境模拟系统造成的建模不确定性的基础上，建立了完整、准确的飞行环境模拟系统非线性模型；对非线性模型进行了线性化，并根据线性模型推导了基于LMI极点配置的PI控制器设计算法；在飞行环境模拟系统的工作包线内选取了36个稳态点设计了基于LMI极点配置的PI增益调度控制器；设计了两种飞行环境模拟试验来验证设计的PI增益调度控制器的鲁棒性能。仿真结果表明，飞行环境模拟系统温度的稳态误差和动态误差均小于0.1%，压力的稳态误差小于0.5%，动态误差小于0.7%。