基于粒子轨迹的结冰风洞收缩段优化设计数值模拟

为了研究收缩段型面和液滴轨迹特性对结冰风洞流场品质与结冰试验效果的重要影响,获得收缩段的优化设计参数,采用数值模拟方法,使用二维简化模型对3m×2m结冰风洞收缩段的流场特性进行了研究,对几种典型收缩曲线的流场进行了计算,对比了收缩曲线对沿轴向压力分布、出口截面速度分布、不同粒径云雾粒子的极限释放距离及试验段入口云雾粒子分布的影响,结果表明:三次曲线与x_m为0.4的五次曲线不能满足流场合格指标,其他曲线流场特性差别不大,维氏曲线具有最小极限释放距离,在收缩段出口,三次曲线和五次曲线粒子包络面积最大,综合比较,x_m为0.5的五次曲线能有效兼顾流场均匀性、极限释放距离和收缩段出口粒子包络面积比.      

弯曲段壁面冲击发散冷却结构流量系数与冷却效率的实验

为了研究回流燃烧室弯曲段采用冲击发散冷却结构时的流量系数和冷却效率,设计了多种不同几何尺寸的实验件模型,分别对其流量系数和冷却效率进行了实验研究,得出如下结论:①弯曲段冲击发散冷却结构的流量系数较小,一般不会超过0.7.发散孔倾角为40°的流量系数要小于倾角为20°和30°的流量系数,流量系数随着发散孔纵向间距比的增大而减小.②弯曲段冲击发散冷却结构的冷却效率均随着吹风比的增大而增大,其冷却效率要明显高于直板冲击发散冷却结构,且这种差异随着吹风比的增大而逐渐减弱.      

A New Method for Analyzing Integrated Stealth Ability of Penetration Aircraft

Taking into account the limitations of existing stealth performance analysis methods, a method termed as the integrated stealth performance analysis method is proposed for evaluating the stealth ability of the penetration aircraft. Based on various target radar cross section (RCS) scattering characters, this article integrates the relevant parameters needed for building up target circumferential RCS scattering model and proposes the RCS scattering controlling parameters to control the changing trends of the relevant model RCS scattering characters. According to the radar dynamic detecting characters during the whole penetration course, a dynamic stealth performance evaluating model is proposed accompanied by a series of stealth ability estimation rules. This new analysis method can enhance the integrality and dependability of the stealth analysis conclusions and summarize the relationship between the target RCS scattering characters and their effects on stealth performance. The rules indicated by this relationship can be used as the reference for designing new type of stealth aircraft and setting up specific penetration tactics.     

Multi-frequency RCS Reduction Characteristics of Shape Stealth with MLFMA with Improved MMN

Three new control factors are presented for calculating the multipole mode number (MMN) efficiently and precisely. The effects of these control factors on the number of integral samples and the precision of multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) are investigated. A new approach based on control factors which is proven to be able to improve the computational efficiency and reduce the needed memory significantly as well as ensuring the proper precision. For three aircraft models, the improved MLFMA is employed to analyze their multi-frequency scattering characteristics. It is found that aircraft shape can influence radar cross section (RCS) in different frequency zones. Both the multi-frequency RCS reduction characteristics of shape stealth aircraft and the conventional aircraft with stealth design taken into account are investigated, and the results show that shape stealth exhibits significant RCS reduction in the resonance and high-frequency zones, and with a weaker influence in the Rayleigh zone. Compared with radar absorbing material (RAM), shape stealth yields a wider multi-frequency RCS reduction. The above-mentioned results can be applied to stealth design for multiple frequencies or even for all frequencies.     

基于Bayesian-MCMC估计的隐身飞机RCS模型优化

对隐身飞机的雷达散射截面(RCS)统计建模时,传统方法通过直接计算RCS样本的统计特征估计模型参数,可能会产生较大的拟合误差。本文提出采用贝叶斯-蒙特卡罗(Bayesian-MCMC )方法提高起伏模型的参数估计精度,从而减小模型的拟合误差。首先将卡方分布模型和对数正态分布模型进行贝叶斯推导,得到其特征参数的后验估计表达式。然后采用MCMC算法构造后验分布的马尔可夫链,从而计算特征参数的估计值。最后通过比较2种方法的拟合曲线及其误差可知,本文方法适用于2种起伏模型,模型参数的估计误差比收敛误差门限值低1~2个数量级,2种分布模型的拟合精度均提高50%以上。      

三角板角反射器在RCS定标测试中的应用

对三角 板角反射器的散射特性进行分析,提出了其在单站及收发分离单站RCS(Radar Cross Section)定标测试中的应用方案.三角板角反射器后向散射方向图的主瓣部分很宽且很平缓,并具有较强的方位稳定性,适用于较大RCS目标的单站定标测试.但在收发分离的单站RCS定标测试系统中,发射馈源与接收馈源间存在一个小双站角,这会使得三角板角反射器散射方向图的主瓣部分急剧下降,并呈现较强的纹波,从而无法利用其进行精确定标.而其散射方向图的某一旁瓣部分,在存在小双站角时的变化不大,且同样具有较强的方位稳定性,故可利用旁瓣峰值作为收发分离单站RCS测试中的定标参考点.     

同轴波导与开放式同轴谐振腔的比较研究

文章介绍了同轴波导内场分布的计算公式以及开放式同轴谐振腔的场分布、谐振频率和品质因数的计算公式。通过对同轴波导和开放式同轴谐振腔的比较研究发现,开放式同轴谐振腔实质上就是纵向剖面为缓变截面的同轴波导。     

微小卫星低可观测外形飞行姿态规划

为提高在轨微小卫星的使用效能及生存能力,提出一种微小卫星低可观测外形飞行姿态规划算法.根据微小卫星雷达散射截面(RCS)、轨道及雷达威胁特性,建立了可进行长时间内最佳飞行姿态规划的数学模型,设计了低计算复杂度的链表式个体结构及进化规划策略,并实现了算法对高威胁区优化规划的能力.同时,算法低迭代步长下的快速收敛特性以及进...     

双基地天基雷达功率孔径积分析

功率孔径积是制约天基雷达系统性能的一项重要因素.从接收功率的角度给出双基地天基雷达搜索方程的详细理论推导,并通过与单基地天基雷达搜索方程的比较得出一个重要的结论--双基地天基雷达的功率孔径积在面积覆盖率和目标散射系数固定条件下,只与接收距离有关而与发射距离无关.进一步证明了地球同步卫星-飞艇双基地天基雷达系统需要更低的...     

基于特征模型的高超声速飞行器姿态控制器与自适应滤波算法的设计

提出一种基于特征模型的强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波（CSUKF）算法对状态和参数进行联合估计,利用特征模型参数构造时变的二阶状态转移阵,使滤波和辨识模型简化;结合强跟踪滤波（STF）的强跟踪能力和无迹卡尔曼滤波的（UKF）的非线性高逼近性对含测量噪声的高超声速飞行器系统进行参数辨识和滤波,并将其与非线性黄金分割自适应控制律相结合,对高超声速飞行器进行姿态控制.最后,将提出的CSUKF与基于特征模型的无迹卡尔曼滤波（CUKF）和基于特征模型的普通扩展卡尔曼滤波算法（CEKF）进行比较,仿真结果说明CSUKF与非线性黄金分割自适应控制律相结合可以有效改善控制的平稳性,且具有更好的滤波精度和系统输出,从而能更好地处理含测量噪声情况下的高超声速飞行器的辨识与控制问题.