超声辅助刻蚀对Ti3C2Tx微观结构的影响

二维层状材料MXene由于其独特的物理化学性质,受到了广泛关注。本文通过超声辅助刻蚀Ti_3AlC_2的方法制备了多层的Ti_3C_2T_x,利用X射线衍射仪、N_2吸脱附测试、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对其微观结构的变化特征进行了详细的表征和分析,并与磁力搅拌刻蚀制备的Ti_3C_2T_x样品相对比。结果表明,与磁力搅拌刻蚀相比,超声辅助刻蚀可以进一步减小Ti_3C_2T_x平均薄层厚度和增加原子层间距,主要原因是超声处理能够促进未发生反应的薄片层中Al原子层的刻蚀。刻蚀过程中同一Al原子层有些区域先发生刻蚀,而一些区域依然存在Al原子。探明了附着在Ti_3C_2T_x表面几十纳米的颗粒是空间群为■的六方结构AlF_3,并且随着刻蚀时间的增加,其逐渐向非晶体转变。     

激光深熔焊接等离子体发射光谱诊断研究

综述了激光等离子体发射光谱诊断的基本假设;介绍了电子温度、密度光谱计算最常用的方法;同时综述了国内外激光焊接等离子体光谱诊断的研究进展.旨在对激光焊接等离子体光谱诊断基本理论和当前的研究进展进行全面的梳理,并对开展激光焊接等离子体光谱试验工作提供理论支持和技术参考.     

Numerical investigation of aerodynamic flow actuation produced by surface plasma actuator on 2D oscillating airfoil

Numerical simulation of unsteady flow control over an oscillating NACA0012 airfoil is investigated. Flow actuation of a turbulent flow over the airfoil is provided by low current DC surface glow discharge plasma actuator which is analytically modeled as an ion pressure force produced in the cathode sheath region. The modeled plasma actuator has an induced pressure force of about 2 k Pa under a typical experiment condition and is placed on the airfoil surface at 0% chord length and/or at 10% chord length. The plasma actuator at deep-stall angles(from 5° to 25°) is able to slightly delay a dynamic stall and to weaken a pressure fluctuation in down-stroke motion. As a result, the wake region is reduced. The actuation effect varies with different plasma pulse frequencies, actuator locations and reduced frequencies. A lift coefficient can increase up to 70% by a selective operation of the plasma actuator with various plasma frequencies and locations as the angle of attack changes. Active flow control which is a key advantageous feature of the plasma actuator reveals that a dynamic stall phenomenon can be controlled by the surface plasma actuator with less power consumption if a careful control scheme of the plasma actuator is employed with the optimized plasma pulse frequency and actuator location corresponding to a dynamic change in reduced frequency.     

Plasma sheet oscillations and their relation to substorm development: Cluster and double star TC1 case study

We examined two consecutive plasma sheet oscillation and dipolarization events observed by Cluster in the magnetotail, which are associated with a pseudo-breakup and a small substorm monitored by the IMAGE spacecraft. Energy input from the solar wind and an associated enhancement of the cross-tail current lead to current sheet thinning and plasma sheet oscillations of 3–5 min periods, while the pseudo-breakups occur during the loading phase within a spatially limited area, accompanied by a localized dipolarization observed by DSP TC1 or GOES 12. That is, the so-called “growth phase” is a preferable condition for both pseudo-breakup and plasma sheet oscillations in the near-Earth magnetotail. One of the plasma sheet oscillation events occurs before the pseudo-breakup, whereas the other takes place after pseudo-breakup. Thus there is no causal relationship between the plasma sheet oscillation events and pseudo-breakup. As for the contribution to the subsequent small substorm, the onset of the small substorm took place where the preceding plasma sheet oscillations can reach the region.     

热平衡等离子体的二维复合流动数值计算

采用中性气体流动欧拉方程的近似因子分解法，耦合等离子体的热平衡模型方程，对用微波产生的等离子体在喷管内二维轴对称复合流动进行了数值计算。计算结果表明：微波等离子体电子数密度不超出临界值，1kW以下功率微波产生的是弱电离等离子体；气流的马赫数分布不受微波加热功率、喷管入口压强的影响，喷管内等离子体中电子数密度随微波功率的加大而增加，随入口压强的增加而减小。     

小功率电弧等离子体发动机试验及性能分析

电弧等离子体发动机（Arcjet）因其高比冲、高推力／功率比等特点成为当前国际上电火箭研究和应用的热点。介绍了小功率Arcjet实验研究系统的主要组成，分析了实验方案，对4种不同结构尺寸的发动机进行了性能实验，给出初步的工作性能参数及实验结果分析，实验结果表明小喷管喉和戏及氮作为推进剂的发动机性能较好。所得结论对小功率Arcjet发动机的优化设计具有参考价值。     

稳态等离子体推力器低功率工作模式实验研究

稳态等离子体动力器（SPT）是技术性能和空间适应性良好的电推力器,是小卫星空间动力的理想选择。从实验的角度研究了额定功率为660W的SPT在低于其额定功率下运行,推力器的放电特性、推车特性、推力效率、比冲等性能随推力器工作参数的变化。实验结果表明：660W的SPT推力器在低于其额定功率下工作,具有稳定的放电特性和确定的推力性能,可以将较大尺寸的SPT推力器在低功率模式下运行来替代小尺寸SPT推力器的作用。     

不同制备工艺对MoSi2涂层抗氧化性能的影响

为解决MoSi2和SiC线膨胀系数差异,在带有SiC外涂层的C/C复合材料表面采用等离子喷涂、电弧沉积和固渗等工艺制备MoSi2涂层。涂层表面形貌分析发现,等离子喷涂MoSi2涂层多孔不致密,电弧沉积MoSi2涂层易开裂剥落;而固渗MoSi2涂层致密均匀,且界面结合力好。氧化试验也表明,固渗MoSi2涂层性能较好。     

霍尔推力器内部等离子体流场数值分析

建立以宏观电中性、不同种类粒子间滑移流动为基本假设的一维多流体简化模型，构造了相应的数值计算方法，用于分析霍尔推力器(亦称稳态等离子体推力器，简称SPT)的加速器通道内部物理过程。在适当边界条件以及适当模型常数条件下，能够获得无论在定性还是定量上都与实际比较接近的收敛的稳态解。结果显示，电势降落集中在出口附近，离子加速过程与该电势降落一致；在通道前半段电离比较剧烈，而在出口附近趋于平缓，出口电离度接近80％；由于焦耳加热作用，电子从出口截面向阳极漂移过程中，其温度由初始的约10eV首先提升到接近60eV的峰值，该峰值出现在离出口约1／3通道长度位置上；随后，由于越来越多的能量损耗于电离过程，到阳极附近电子温度降至约25eV。受其中的一些假设所限，本模型不能反映一些特殊区域和某些比较重要的物理过程，同时能够收敛的条件也受到了限制。