制备生物航煤山苍子果核油预处理工艺

山苍子果核油主要成分为月桂酸等,碳原子数主要分布于8~16,目前仅用于制备烷醇酰胺等低端产品,却是生物航煤的优良原料之一.通过双氧水脱色、复合吸附脱色及酶法脱胶等对山苍子果核油原料油进行预处理及参数最优化设计,脱色率可以达到 97.33%,磷脂含量由1.036 mg/g降低为0.036 mg/g.并确定双氧水脱色的最优实验参数为双氧水加入量15%,反应时间80 min,反应温度110℃;活性炭/改性活性白土复合吸附最优实验参数为活性炭用量W₁与改性活性白土用量W₂重量比W₁/W₂=1/15,反应时间40 min,反应温度80℃,吸附剂加入量4%;酶法脱胶最优实验参数为加酶量40 mg/kg,pH5.1,反应时间 2.5 h,反应温度48℃.该方法成本低、简单易行、原料油损耗率低,对山苍子果核油成分及性质影响较小,满足后续加氢实验要求,为得到高转化率生物航煤奠定了基础.     

生物航煤对飞机油箱密封胶性能影响研究

研究利用餐饮余油,采用脂肪酸加氢工艺合成的生物燃料组分对飞机油箱密封胶性能的影响.实验结果表明,重铬酸盐固化聚硫密封胶和锰固化聚硫密封胶在生物燃料组分93℃的环境温度中浸泡28 d后,其硬度明显增加,断裂伸长率明显减小,体积出现较大收缩.当生物燃料组分与传统喷气燃料按照50/50体积比掺混后,重铬酸盐固化聚硫密封胶体积膨胀率从-3.0％增加到-0.5％,而锰固化聚硫密封胶体积膨胀率从-6.7％增加到-5％.其各自的硬度、断裂伸长率也均发生了明显变化.     

RP-3航空煤油三组分替代燃料简化机理验证

利用机理自动简化程序ReaxRed对航空煤油RP-3三组分替代燃料半详细化学反应动力学模型采用两种方案分别进行了简化。方案一采用直接关系图（directed relation graph,DRG）法构建了109组分423步基元反应,方案二在方案一的结果上采用基于误差传播的DRG（directed relation graph based on error propagation,DRGEP）方法和计算奇异摄动（computational singular perturbation,CSP）法构建了84组分271步基元反应。结合点火延迟试验数据对方案二所构建的简化机理进行了验证,并且采用层流火焰速度、温度和重要产物等方面的数值计算结果进行对比分析,结果表明:方案二所构建的简化机理在简化过程中保留一定的计算精度前提下更加经济实用,其中在各种工况下方案二简化机理和半详细机理的点火延迟时间之间的平均误差在6%以内并且它们在火焰传播速度方面平均误差在不超过8%。采用本生灯预混燃烧器为物理模型,以RP-3航空煤油为燃料,进行相应的试验研究来验证方案二的简化机理,结果表明该简化机理数值计算结果与试验数据较吻合。      

泡沫碳/相变材料复合体研究进展

介绍了高导热泡沫碳/相变材料复合体应用于热管理系统的研究进展.主要阐述了泡沫碳/石蜡复合相变热管理系统、泡沫碳/硝酸锂相变复合材料、基于泡沫碳/相变复合材料一体化蒸发腔——热能贮存(VCTES)系统的热管理系统应用研究进展,并对泡沫碳/相变复合材料的应用进行了介绍.     

Review of atomization mechanism and spray characteristics of a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow

The injection and atomization process of a liquid fuel jet is critical for an ignition start of a scramjet engine. Airwall-mounted crossflow injection strategy is widely used in scramjet combustors, avoiding high total pressure loss and allowing the liquid fuel to rapidly undergo atomization, mixing, and evaporation. In this review, research progress on a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow was evaluated from aspects of atomization mechanism and spray characteristics. When a liquid jet is injected into a supersonic crossflow, primary and secondary breakups occur successively. The surface instability of liquid can significantly affect the breakup process. This review discusses the current understanding of the breakup process and spray characteristics of a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow including the mechanism of atomization and the characteristics of distribution and atomization. The development of windward Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) unstable waves is the main factor in column breakup. The development of Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) unstable waves along the circumferential direction of the jet or droplets is the main factor of surface and droplet breakups. The liquid–gas momentum ratio is the most important factor affecting the penetration depth. The span width of the liquid jet is affected by the windward area. Breakup and coalescence lead to a transformation of the size distribution of droplets from S- or C-shaped to I-shaped, and the velocity distribution of the droplets on the central symmetry plane has a mirrored S-shape. The droplet distribution on the spanwise cross-section retains a structure similar to an “Ω” shape. At last, some promising recommendations have been proposed, namely a theoretical predictive model which can describe the breakup mechanism of a liquid jet, the distribution characteristics and droplets size distribution of a liquid jet under a cavity combustion chamber, especially for enthalpy flows with complex wave structures.