Multi-objective optimization of different dome reinforcement methods for composite cases

A multi-objective optimization method was proposed for different dome reinforcement methods of a filament-wound solid rocket motor composite case based on a Radial Basis Function (RBF) model. Progressive damage of the composite case was considered in a simulation based on Hashin failure criteria, and simulation results were validated by hydraulic burst tests to precisely predict the failure mode, failure position, and burst pressure. An RBF surrogate model was established and evaluated by Relative Average Absolute Error (RAAE), Relative Maximum Absolute Error (RMAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R² methods to improve the optimization efficient of dome reinforcement. In addition, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) was employed to establish multi-objective optimization models of variable-angle and variable-polar-radius dome reinforcements to investigate the coupling effect of the reinforcement angle, reinforcement layers, and reinforcement range on the case performance. Optimal reinforcement parameters were obtained and used to establish a progressive damage model of the composite case with dome reinforcement. In accordance with progressive damage analysis, the burst pressure and performance factor were obtained. Results illustrated that variable-angle dome reinforcement was the optimal reinforcement method compared with variable-polar-radius dome reinforcement as it could not only ensure the reinforcement angle’s continuous changing but also decrease the mass of composite materials. Compared with the unreinforced case, the reinforced case exhibited an increase in the burst pressure and performance factor of 36.1% and 23.5%, respectively.     

具有光纤神经系统的新颖复合材料结构的发展及展望

本文综合介绍了近年来国外迅速发展的具有光纤神经系统的新颖复合材料结构的研究成果及发展趋势。提出了埋设于复合材料内部的光纤系统将成为未来飞行器结构的“神经网络系统”而使结构成为“智能结构”等新概念。文章较详细地阐述了这种新颖结构在制造和使用过程中在应变、变形、固化、损伤、疲劳等检测方面的具体应用及发展趋势。     

新型三维织物夹芯复合材料的制备及其力学性能

以玻璃纤维为原料,采用特殊的三维织造工艺,织制经向剖面为矩形的新型三维夹芯织物。以环氧树脂E-51、9055型固化剂组成树脂基体体系,采用手糊成型工艺将上述机织物复合制成三维织物夹芯复合材料。对高度为10、20及30 mm的三维织物夹芯复合材料的力学性能进行研究,重点分析夹芯层高度对材料压缩与弯曲性能的影响。结果表明:随着夹芯层高度的增加,材料的压缩强度与模量逐渐下降,弯曲强度逐渐上升,弯曲模量逐渐下降,其中纬向弯曲强度明显大于经向。     

一种潜伏性无卤阻燃中温固化环氧树脂体系

选用双氰胺和UR500为固化体系,自制阻燃剂M,制备一种预浸料用潜伏性无卤阻燃中温固化环氧树脂体系。结果表明,该树脂体系室温下储存期超过30 d,固化后力学性能优良,拉伸性能可达66. 5MPa,弯曲强度可达133 MPa,冲击强度可达10. 7 kJ/m2,阻燃防火性能优异,氧指数高达33. 1%,垂直燃烧满足UL-V0级,且可离火自熄。扫描电镜和热分析的结果表明,该体系优异的阻燃性能主要源于其燃烧后所成碳层的隔热隔氧作用。     

含硼氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维的制备技术

针对我国对氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维的研制需求,通过溶胶-凝胶法结合干法纺丝制备了含硼氧化铝基陶瓷连续纤维,主要研究了纺丝助剂含量对溶胶可纺性的影响以及纤维陶瓷化过程中物相及微观结构的演变规律。结果表明:当纺丝助剂PVA含量为1.5%时,通过干法纺丝得到的含硼氧化铝基凝胶连续纤维可达1.8 km,将凝胶纤维进行陶瓷化后形成的陶瓷连续纤维直径均匀,为12～14μm,经1 000℃烧结后纤维主晶相为γ-Al2O3,具有优异的力学性能,拉伸强度和模量分别可达2.0 GPa和149 GPa,在1 100℃煅烧1 h后纤维强度保留率可达93%,在航空航天及先进制造业等领域具有潜在的应用前景。     

反相高效液相色谱测定食品中酚类抗氧化剂(英文)

描述了利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定食品中没食子酸丙酯(PG),叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ),叔丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)和二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)4种合成酚类抗氧化剂(SPAs)的方法。采用C18色谱柱作为固定相,乙腈-1%乙酸水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,紫外检测波长设定为280nm,在不到8min时间内可将4种合成酚类抗氧化剂分离。研究评价了HPLC的分析特性,即检测限,线性范围和重现性等,优化了在不同类型食品(食用油,人造黄油,奶油和奶酪)中获取SPAs工艺参数。样品在高效液相分离之前,用甲醇/乙腈(1∶1,体积比)提取SPAs,并进行漩涡/超声处理,提取物冷冻2h,制得沉复合提取物。浓度为50mg/l和200mg/l的食用油,人造黄油,奶油和奶酪中,PG的回收率为93.3%—108.3%,TBHQ的回收率为85.3%—108.3%,BHA的回收率为96.7%—101.2%,BHT的回收率为73.9%—94.6%。应用反相HPLC测定38种食品(16种食用油,10种人造黄油,6种奶油和6种奶酪样品)中的SPAs,样品中SPAs的含量均低于中国规定的含量。     

磺化Resol-Novalak共聚酚醛树脂热解特征的TG-MS研究

合成了一种合磺酸基的热固性Resol—Novalak共聚酚醛树脂(C——PF／SPF)。TG—MS(热失重—质谱)的研究结果表明，C—PF／SPF在低于350℃时，主要发生与磺酸基相关的热分解井退出SO2等产物；在450℃—820℃范围，只观察到CO2(m／z＝44)、C0(m／z＝28)和H20(m／z＝18)等产物及其碎片；在110℃—820℃的测试温度范围未检测到与主链断裂有关的酚类热解产物，显示出优越的热稳定性；这是由于部分磺酸基中的硫在热处理过程中与酚醛树脂的芳环发生交联，从而大大增加了C——PF／SPF的热稳定性。基于TG—MS结果的理论计算表明，C——PF／SPF经350℃热处理后的理论残碳率可达80％，是一种具有应用前景的C／C复合材料用基体前驱体。     

碳纤维表面CVD硅涂层对其性能的影响

 分析了碳纤维表面化学气相沉积Ｓｉ涂层的相结构,研究了Ｓｉ涂层对碳纤维抗氧化性能及强度的影响。结果表明：涂层中Ｓｉ元素呈非晶态分布；Ｓｉ涂层可提高碳纤维的抗氧化性能；氧化温度不同,Ｓｉ涂层碳纤维的氧化失重或增重规律也不相同。同时,Ｓｉ涂层降低了碳纤维拉伸强度,而适度空气氧化又可使Ｓｉ涂层碳纤维强度得到大幅度提高；Ｓｉ涂层碳纤维的强度随氧化温度、氧化时间的变化而改变。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

碳化硅纤维连续化工艺研究

本文对连续碳化硅纤维的几种制备工艺方案进行了研究，阐述了纺丝工艺中温度、脱泡、过滤和收丝速度对纤维形态、性能的影响，确立了最佳工艺路线，产在此基础上制备了性能良好的连续ＳｉＣ纤维。