不同预腐蚀时间下微动对搭接件疲劳寿命影响研究

通过对不同预腐蚀时间下搭接件疲劳试验和断口宏微观的分析,得到不同预腐蚀时间下微动对搭接件疲劳寿命的影响规律。引入应力强度因子影响系数β用于修正微动效应对搭接件孔边裂纹应力强度因子的影响,针对不同腐蚀时间裂纹成核位置不同,利用裂纹扩展分析软件AFGROW建立了考虑微动影响的两种疲劳寿命计算模型。研究结果表明:微动和腐蚀的交互作用使搭接件的寿命减少更大,对于未腐蚀和腐蚀较轻的搭接件,由于微动作用,裂纹一般起源于螺栓孔处靠近螺栓孔沉孔区的螺栓体区,微动损伤占主导;对于腐蚀较重的搭接件,腐蚀占主导作用,裂纹一般起源于孔壁与接触面相交处。在考虑微动影响下,疲劳寿命预测值与试验值吻合较好,模型更加合理。     

飞机机身-机翼接头精加工条件评价技术

 在飞机机身部件数字化对接装配过程中,为保证机身-机翼接头配合面与连接孔精加工的安全性,在加工前安排机身-机翼接头的在线三坐标测量工序。具体阐述了基于专用数控机床的机身-机翼接头测量方法,提出了被测孔与平面理想几何要素的稳健最小二乘拟合方法,并给出了基于被测孔、面拟合方位的机身-机翼接头可加工性评价模型。仿真结果表明：接头孔与平面的稳健拟合方法具有较高的精度和较强的抗粗差能力,机身-机翼接头的可加工性检验能揭示不合理的飞机机身、机翼位姿所带来的加工安全隐患,从而避免精加工过程破坏机身-机翼接头。     

典型连接结构中紧固件柔度系数的计算方法探讨

运用有限元方法对单剪双铆钉结构的紧固件柔度系数进行计算,并与近似理论公式、工程经验公式的计算结果以及试验结果进行对比,得出有限元计算方法的准确性和可行性。结合有限元计算结果,对Grumman公式进行重新拟合修正,得到了新的紧固件柔度系数计算方法,针对单剪双铆钉结构该方法比近似理论公式及其它工程经验公式更接近试验结果。     

考虑分层损伤的复合材料螺栓连接强度预测与损伤分析

针对传统复合材料损伤分析方法未考虑界面层的损伤问题,基于三维累积损伤分析方法和内聚力模型方法,建立一套能够综合考虑面内损伤和层间损伤的复合材料螺栓连接数值分析模型。通过对两种典型复合材料单钉接头进行强度分析,表明该计算方法比传统有限元方法具有更高的精度。基于该模型,对接头层合板的分层扩展以及拧紧力矩对接头强度和分层扩展的影响进行研究。结果表明:分层扩展方向和层合板断裂方向是一致的;拧紧力矩对连接强度有明显提高作用,并且对孔边分层扩展有抑制作用。     

考虑钉头传载的阶梯搭接钉载分配特性

确定钉载分配比例是机械连接强度分析的基础和关键,也是研究孔周应力分布的前提。以某型飞机铝合金阶梯形搭接板螺栓群连接结构为研究对象,利用应变电测法初步测量了各排螺栓的钉载分配比例。随后通过ABAQUS有限元三维实体建模,考虑钉头传载及接触摩擦、螺栓预紧、材料非线性、防弯夹具等因素,对螺栓群的钉载分配行为进行了模拟。计算发现：阶梯形搭接板多钉连接的钉载分配比例呈两端大中间小的规律,且台阶高度是影响钉载分配比例的重要因素。在此基础上,进一步研究了台阶高度对钉载分配均匀性的影响。分析结果表明：阶梯形搭接板多钉连接处于弹性范围以内时,随着台阶高度的增加,钉载分配趋于均匀;结构产生塑性变形后,随着台阶高度的增加,钉载分配先趋于均匀后随之变差。最后,基于钉载分配与孔边最大应力,对阶梯搭接多钉连接的几何构型进行了优化。优化后阶梯搭接的钉载分配比例极差不超过1.1%,最危险部位的孔边最大应力及螺栓最大剪切应力分别减小了约4.4%与10.2%。     

2219铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊与熔焊交叉接头的组织及性能

文摘对2219C10S铝合金进行双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接,之后沿垂直于双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊方向进行变极性TIG焊接制备交叉接头,并对比分析了交叉接头与单一TIG接头的组织和力学性能。交叉接头与单一TIG接头的组织特征既有相同之处也存在差异。相同之处为焊缝区均由直流氦弧焊作用下的柱状区和交流脉冲氩弧焊作用下的碗状区组成;不同之处在于两者的母材区分别为细小等轴晶和轧制板条晶粒,而热影响区都是在母材晶粒上发生粗化长大。显微硬度测试结果表明,两类接头的横截面显微硬度分布均呈"W"型,单一TIG接头的的显微硬度分布梯度大于交叉接头,但交叉接头的软化区宽度更窄。拉伸测试结果得出,两类接头均断裂于接头的热影响区。沿SR-FSW焊缝方向的交叉接头的抗拉强度系数为66.14%,略低于单一TIG接头,但接头延伸率比单一TIG接头高约30%。断口形貌研究表明,交叉接头的断口形貌为典型的韧性断裂,而单一TIG接头还可观察到部分脆性断裂特征。     

对焊接头几何形状参数统计分布及焊趾处K_t计算

对焊接头主要外形尺寸进行了测量,经统计分析：焊趾角、焊缝宽、焊缝加厚高与接头错位符合正态分布,焊趾曲率半径符合对数正态分布,焊缝加厚高与接头错位亦符合威布尔分布。依此对焊接头焊趾处应力集中系数Ｋｔ进行了计算。     

Assembly Variation Identification of High Pressure Spool by Response Surface Based Model Updating Using IV-optimal Designs

This article, in order to improve the assembly of the high-pressure spool, presents an assembly variation identification method achieved by response surface method (RSM)-based model updating using IV-optimal designs. The method involves screening out non-relevant assembly parameters using IV-optimal designs and the preload of the joints is chosen as the input features and modal frequency is the only response feature. Emphasis is placed on the construction of response surface models including the interactions between the bolted joints by which the non-linear relationship between the assembly variation caused by the changes of preload and the output frequency variation is established. By achieving an optimal process of selected variables in the model, assembly variation can be identified. With a case study of the laboratory bolted disks as an example, the proposed method is verified and it gives enough accuracy in variation identification. It has been observed that the first-order response surface models considering the interactions between the bolted joints based on the IV-optimal criterion are adequate for assembly purposes.     

电离层拟合方法及路径参数量化分析

针对多层电离层,采用反抛物层作为连接层来描述电离层之间区域的电子密度分布.以电子密度和其相对于高度的一阶偏导数连续为依据,拟合出连接层的临界频率、半厚度和底高等电离层参数.将电离层的准抛物模型和连接层的反抛物模型中计算出来的等离子频率代入Appleton-Hartree公式和Snell定理,结合射线的几何结构完成多层电离层中的射线追踪,同时计算群路径、相路径和传输距离这3种重要的路径参数.分析当给定频率时,路径参数与入射角之间的关系,群路径、相路径与传输距离之间的关系,频率对路径参数之间变化关系的影响;同时分析了给定入射角时,路径参数与射线工作频率之间关系和入射角对于路径参数之间变化关系的影响.     

Bolt insertion damage and mechanical behaviors investigation of CFRP/CFRP interference fit bolted joints

Interference fit has advantages in improving fatigue behaviors of composite bolted joints; however, interference fit bolt insertion tends to cause damages in laminates weakening joint mechanical properties. Therefore, an experimental study was conducted to investigate bolt insertion damages of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)/CFRP interference fit bolted joints. Mechanical behaviors of joints were also evaluated experimentally under both quasi-static loads and cyclic loads. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and high-resolution X-ray micro-CT scan were used to examine micro damages in laminates. Damage and failure behaviors of joints were characterized. The results demonstrated that the hole entrance in upper laminate and the laminate boundary near the hole wall were the most critical regions for damages during bolt insertions. However, the influence of those damages on quasi-static failure loads and fatigue failure modes of joints was minimal. Delamination and matrix cracking occurred first in laminates following fiber and matrix fracture in quasi-static tensile tests. Interference fit could improve the fatigue resistance of the laminate hole; however, the bolt seemed to suffer a more critical local fatigue loading condition. This paper can contribute to composite structure designs, especially in understanding damage and failure behaviors of composite bolted joints.