Nighttime cloud properties retrieval using MODIS and artificial neural networks

In this work a methodology for inferring water cloud macro and microphysical properties from nighttime MODIS imagery is developed. This method is based on the inversion of a theoretical radiative transfer model that simulates the radiances detected in each of the sensor infrared bands. To accomplish this inversion, an operational technique based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is proposed, whose main characteristic is the ability to retrieve cloud properties much faster than conventional methods. Furthermore, a detailed study of input data is performed to avoid different sources of errors that appear in several MODIS infrared channels. Finally, results of applying the proposed method are compared with in-situ measurements carried out during the DYCOMS-II field experiment.     

The effect of neglecting VLBI reference station clock offsets on UT1 estimates

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) allows to monitor universal time (UT1) by conducting regular international experiments. Such dedicated observation networks are equipped with different hardware components, which require different processing strategies when the data are correlated. As the timing units at each stations are usually offset with respect to universal time (UTC) this effect should be considered during correlation processing. Thus, it is investigated how neglecting of these offsets theoretically impacts the estimation of UT1. Three different strategies for the proper handling of the timing offset will be discussed and their advantages/drawbacks will be pointed out. Moreover, it is studied how neglecting of these timing offsets affects UT1 time-series and how such a missing correction can be applied a posteriori. Although the discussed effect is for most of the UT1 experiments smaller than the formal error of the estimates, it is important to consider station clock offsets properly in next-generation VLBI systems, which are expected to improve accuracy of results by about one order of magnitude.     

几何代数域内的光流场改进算法

提山了一种新的光流场计算方法：首先,在几何代数域内推导了光流约束方程的新形式;然后,在速度场平滑的基础上,通过求解关于初值问题的热传导方程求解光流场;最后,给出光流场的数值解和仿真结果。实验证明此方法是有效的。     

空间交会对接CCD光学成像敏感器光学特性

以辐射度量为标准,建立了CCD像机探测合作目标光功率模型以及功率方程,得到了所需合作目标光功率与CCD像机参数的制约关系,分析了CCD像机探测到光点所占像元数与传输距离之间的关系。用超焦距方法解决了CCD像机对有限远距离范围内工作时的成像清晰度问题,采用了像方远心光路设计解决了系统测量精度问题。研究了太阳光进入CCD像机视场和照射对接口反射后对CCD像机产生的影响。     

羽流光谱的原子辐射仿真

为对液体火箭发动机羽流光谱实验数据进行定量分析 ,通过建立高温气体下辐射传递模型 ,对1 Cr1 8Ni9Ti的理论光谱进行了仿真计算。结果表明 ,在路径一定的情况下 ,羽流中原子浓度较低时 ,可采用光学薄模型 ,原子浓度较高时 ,可采用光学厚模型     

检定几何量仪器标准器组测量不确定度评定

以标准线纹尺、小量块组、多面棱体、刻线样板、标准半圆球、渐开线样板检定／校准几何量光学仪器时,标准器组的测量不确定度评定。     

刘家峡右岸水电站模型试验的光路布置

使用二维激光多普勒测速仪（ＬＤＶ）对圆管中水注流进行测速时,对于窗口的设置、利用反射镜前向接收的方法和侧向接收方式等问题,本文进行了探讨,并总结了测量中的一些实际经验。     

机载可见近红外成象光谱仪的设计

本文阐述了一种可行的面阵CCD 成象光谱仪的设计。它具有光谱范围宽(0.4μm～1.1μm)、高光谱分辨率(9.2nm)、密集的光谱波段数(76)、较大的地物扫描视场角(30°)等一系列引人注目的优点。     

光学镜体用铍材及其尺寸稳定性

文中评述了铍材用作光学镜体的优越性及其发展状部况,讨论了影响铍镜尺寸稳定 因素及提高尺寸稳定性的可能途径。     

准直式地球模拟器锗准直透镜光学系统的设计

从视场设计出发 ,分析了锗基片的厚度和光学材料吸收特性对光学设计的影响 ,介绍了红外光学系统优化设计的方法 ,给出了设计结果 ,并与国内同类地球模拟器的光学特性进行比较 ,说明准直式地球模拟器光学系统设计是成功的。