格林公式在有有限多个孤立奇点区域上的运用

本文着重研究在具有有限多个孤立奇点的区域D上,如何运用格林公式,简化较为复杂的第二类曲线积分的计算问题。同时提出其理论根据,并给予严格的论证。     

用样条有限点法分析梁和薄板的弹塑性弯曲

本文首次用样条有限点法(SFPM),分析了梁和薄板的弹塑性弯曲,并给出了计算实例。通过计算表明:SFPM具有方法简单、节约内存、计算精度高等优点。对于规则区域的特殊问题,SFPM做为有限元法的一种补充,是一种有效的数值分析方法。     

用单幅线图恢复物体三维拓扑结构

将物体从场景中识别出来，人类大量使用的是匹配物体的拓扑结构，所在研究恢复物体的拓扑结构有相当重要的意义，本文在详细考察人类读图习惯思维过程之后，提出了符合人类习惯的局部柱假设和广义局部柱假设，进而给出了一种仅用单幅线图恢复物体三维拓扑结构的算法、很好地模拟了人类的思维过程。本算法在ＰＣ计算机上用Ｐｒｏｌｏｇ语言实现，并用多幅多面体线图进行三维恢复，都获得了满意的结果。     

动网格技术在增升装置优化中的应用

将基于Denaulay背景图的动网格方法应用于增升装置二维缝道参数优化设计过程中。针对二维增升装置的构型特点和翼型运动的特点,采用了添加辅助点的双层Denaulay背景图动网格方法,并详细论述了辅助点添加、运动技术。为了进一步提高动态网格质量,提出了针对前后缘运动位置中比较极端的两种位置生成两个初始网格,并采用两种初始网格进行动态网格的生成。结果表明新动态网格方法可以为二维增升装置提供高质量的动态网格。     

一种基于可操纵金字塔的鲁棒图像匹配算法

图像匹配是计算机视觉和图像处理领域中一个比较活跃的研究课题。针对离散小波变换对于图像平移和旋转的敏感性，提出了一种基于可操纵金字塔的图像匹配算法。算法考虑的是图像之间存在平移和旋转变换的情况。首先，变换的近似旋转角在图像分解的最底层采用环映射算法得到，然后在图像分解的其余层提取兴趣点作为匹配特征，并使用Hausdom距离来度量参考图像和待匹配图像之间的相似性，依次得到由粗到细的匹配结果。实验表明该算法具有较高的匹配精度和较强的鲁棒性。     

空间重复锁紧与分离装置容差性能分析与验证

空间重复锁紧与分离装置的容差能力是合作目标能否被捕获的关键指标,一定的容差能力能够抵消机械臂末端定位误差带来的合作目标位姿误差。根据某种在轨服务平台对空间合作目标的捕获方式,提出并设计了一种具有一定容差能力,并且在空间机械臂协助下能够完成对合作目标重复锁紧与分离的装置。本文建立了合作目标任意一点与重复锁紧与分离装置坐标系之间的D-H矩阵,完成了对球头关键点运动轨迹数学模型的建立。利用关键点投影方法对装置的容差性能进行分析,验证了装置设计的合理性。通过ADAMS仿真和样机试验相结合的方式对装置的容差性能进行验证,结果表明所设计的装置能够捕获和锁紧处于极限位姿下的合作目标,验证了装置的容差能力。     

Properties of transit trajectory in the restricted three and four-body problem

In the restricted three-body problem if the Jacobi constant is just below the value corresponding to Lagrangian point only a little neck exists around the equilibrium point and capture trajectories are indicated as low-energy. Capture properties depend on the dynamics around these critical points and qualitative results can be obtained using linearized systems. In this paper, to study transit trajectory properties in the restricted three and four-body problem, the Earth–Moon–Sun–Satellite system is considered as example and studied using different models. In the circular restricted three-body problem (Earth–Moon–Satellite), transit, non transit and asymptotic trajectories, are easily identified by using the principal reference frame. Dynamics around Lagrangian point are then studied introducing the Moon eccentricity into the elliptical restricted three-body model. A preferential region for transit orbit is individuated and studied as a function of eigenvalue properties. To introduce the Sun effect, the bi-circular four-body model is considered and dynamics around Lagrangian points studied as a function of angular distance between Earth–Sun and Earth–Moon line. Finally, results obtained in the elliptical three-body model and bi-circular four-body model, are compared with numerical simulations using real Sun–Moon–Earth ephemeris.     

The influence of orbital maneuver on autonomous orbit determination of an extended satellite navigation constellation

The right ascension of the ascending node is unobservable if only the inter-satellite ranging is used for autonomous orbit determination (AOD) of an Earth navigation constellation. However, if an Earth-Moon libration point satellite is added to the Earth navigation constellation to construct an extended navigation constellation, all the orbital elements can be determined with only the inter-satellite ranging. Furthermore, the extended navigation constellation can provide navigation information for interplanetary probes. For such an extended navigation constellation, orbital control needs to be considered due to the instability of the libration-point satellite orbit. This study concerns the influence of satellite orbital maneuver on the AOD of the extended navigation constellation. An AOD method under orbital maneuver is proposed. A low thrust controller is designed to achieve libration point satellite autonomous orbit maintenance by using AOD results. A navigation constellation consisting of three GPS satellites and one libration point satellite are designed for simulation. The simulation results show that libration point satellites can achieve autonomous navigation and autonomous orbit maintenance by only using inter-satellite ranging information. The rotation drift error of the Earth navigation constellation is also suppressed.     

一种基于先验知识的3D位姿参数识别方法

计算机视觉中用单幅照片来识别三维物体的六个自由度是非常困难的，但是，在知道一些先验知识的情况下，可以对物体的六个自由度进行识别。本文提出一种基于先验知识的三维位举参数识别的方法，使用物体上不共线的三个特征点及目标点来确定物体的位置和姿态，给出了六个参数的解析表达式，在实时处理中可以得到好的效果。     

序列凸优化的小天体附着轨迹优化

针对小天体附着多约束轨迹优化问题，提出一种基于序列凸优化的轨迹优化方法。首先采用内球谐引力场模型对目标小天体附近的不规则引力场进行精确建模，内球谐引力场模型是对经典球谐系数法的改进，形式简单，计算量小，并且克服了经典球谐系数模型在形状不规则的小天体附近不收敛的问题。对于小天体附着多约束轨迹优化问题，通过约束松弛、线性化、离散化过程，转化为一个可以迭代求解的二阶锥规划问题（SOCP），进而采用内点法进行解算。数学仿真结果显示，优化结果符合各项约束条件，以零速度到达了目标着陆点，且符合燃耗最优的优化目标。利用序列凸优化算法进行小天体附着燃耗最优轨迹设计，推导简便，计算速度快，精度高，具有应用价值。