基于多尺度分布式融合估计的GPS/INS组合导航系统的研究

针对如何融合多传感器的数据、提高数据处理的可靠性和精度的问题,将基于模型的动态系统分析方法与基于统计特性的多测度信号变换方法相结合,提出基于Kalman滤波的多尺度分解与估计联合的多尺度分布式融合估计算法.该算法首先建立系统的动态方程和观测方程,再利用小波变换将数据在不同尺度上进行融合处理,归纳出该算法的实现步骤.最后通过组合导航系统的仿真验证算法的有效性,结果进一步证明了该算法能够有效地提高多传感器数据的处理精度.     

斜纹机织热塑性复合材料低速冲击损伤及多尺度数值模拟研究

机织复合材料在服役过程中不可避免地遭受低速冲击而引起内部损伤,导致材料性能减退。本文以斜纹机织热塑性复合材料为研究对象,通过实验与模拟相结合的方法研究其在低速冲击下的损伤行为。构建了微观、介观和宏观串行的多尺度模型对斜纹机织热塑性复合材料低速冲击损伤行为进行预测,并在5和10 J的冲击能量下,对其进行低速冲击试验以验证该多尺度模型的正确性。结果表明,微观、介观和宏观串行的多尺度模型能够准确地预测出斜纹机织热塑性复合材料的冲击损伤特性;在较大的冲击能量下,材料正面和背面均出现了损伤,且损伤以纤维断裂为主;低速冲击数值模拟所预测的力响应曲线与试验结果表现出良好的一致性,数值模拟损伤面积的误差在10%以内。     

A new stress-based multi-scale failure criterion of composites and its validation in open hole tension tests

A new stress-based multi-scale failure criterion is proposed based on a series of off-axis tension tests, and their corresponding fiber failure modes and matrix failure modes are determined at the microscopic level. It is a physical mechanism based, three-dimensional damage analysis criterion which takes into consideration the constituent properties on the macroscopic failure behavior of the composite laminates. A complete set of stress transformation, damage determination and evolution methods are established to realize the application of the multi-scale method in failure analysis. Open-hole tension（OHT） specimens of three material systems（CCF300/5228, CCF300/5428 and T700/5428） are tested according to ASTM standard D5766, and good agreements are found between the experimental results and the numerical predictions. It is found that fiber strength is a key factor influencing the ultimate strength of the laminates, while matrix failure alleviates the stress concentration around the hole. Different matchings of fiber and matrix result in different failure modes as well as ultimate strengths.     

多尺度模拟计算方法在超高温高熵陶瓷材料中的应用进展

超高温高熵陶瓷材料以难熔金属碳化物、硼化物、氮化物等为组元,具有较高的硬度、高温强度以及良好的热稳定性,已成为超高温陶瓷领域研究的热点方向之一。与传统材料相比,超高温高熵陶瓷涉及复杂成分空间、多个尺度维度、极端多场耦合服役环境,采用传统经验试错法开发超高温高熵陶瓷效率过低,故而需要改变材料研究范式,依靠多尺度模拟计算方法提高超高温高熵陶瓷研发与应用效率。本文首先简要介绍了具有代表性的多尺度材料计算方法,进而综述了多尺度材料计算方法在超高温高熵陶瓷研究中的典型应用成果,最后对多尺度材料计算方法在超高温高熵陶瓷研究中的前景进行了展望。     

基于Swin Transformer和多尺度特征融合的红外弱小目标检测方法

红外弱小目标的检测识别是军事侦察和遥感探测领域的一项关键技术。针对现有的传统目标检测方法普遍存在的检测误报率高、环境适应性差等问题,本文设计提出了一种基于Swin Transformer和多尺度特征融合的红外弱小目标检测方法。该方法首先在基于编解码Unet网络架构的基础上,通过引入Swin Transformer的自注意力机制代替常规的卷积核来进行目标特征的分层提取,从而有助于在更大的感受野下挖掘目标在不同尺度下的潜在信息;之后,通过设计一个自底向上的跨层特征融合模块作为网络模型的解码器,可以从复杂背景中保留红外弱小目标特征,并将目标的浅层局部信息和深层语义信息进行充分融合。试验测试结果表明,所提方法在红外小目标公共测试数据集SIRST上能够实现0.747的交并比指标(IoU),以及0.752的归一化交并比指标(nIoU),其性能均优于其它典型方法,在不同复杂场景下均拥有更好的检测效果。     

Multi-scale strength analysis of bolted connections used in integral thermal protection system

Efficient and accurate strength analysis of bolted connections is essential in analyzing the integral thermal protection system(ITPS) of hypersonic vehicles, since the system bears severe loads and structural failures usually occur at the connections. Investigations of composite mechanical properties used in ITPS are still in progress as the architecture of the composites is complex. A new method is proposed in this paper for strength analysis of bolted connections by investigating the elastic behavior and failure strength of three-dimensional C/C orthogonal composites used in ITPS. In this method a multi-scale finite element method incorporating the global–local method is established to ensure high efficiency in macro-scale and precision in meso-scale in analysis.Simulation results reveal that predictions of material properties show reasonable accuracy compared with test results. And the multi-scale method can analyze the strength of connections efficiently and accurately.     

基于GPS的新型二级频标锁定系统

提出了一种基于GPS的新型二级频标锁定系统的设计方案。利用信号的时延稳定性和群相位差变化的规律性,产生一种基于长度游标的高精度时间间隔测量方法。将该方法应用于二级频标锁定系统中,通过对被测时间间隔进行多尺度卡尔曼滤波,在MCU控制下算出GPS与二级频标分频信号之间的相对频差;根据二级频标的频-压控制特性得到补偿电压,将该电压进行D/A转换后送到二级频标的压控端,调整输出频率,形成二级频标锁定系统。实验结果表明其锁定精度可达10 -12 /s 量级,与传统频标锁定系统相比具有电路简单,成本低廉,附加噪声小,锁定精度高等特点。
     

A multiscale transform denoising method of the bionic polarized light compass for improving the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation accuracy

In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with a sensitive and high dynamic range polarimeter still provides inferior output precision of the heading angle due to the presence of the noise generating from the compass.The noise is existed not only in the angle of the polarization image acquired by polarimeters but also in the out...     

Multi-scale simulation model of air system based on cross-dimensional data transmission method

The Secondary Air System (SAS) plays an important role in the safe operation and performance of aeroengines. The traditional 1D-3D coupling method loses information when used for secondary air systems, which affects the calculation accuracy. In this paper, a Cross-dimensional Data Transmission method (CDT) from 3D to 1D is proposed by introducing flow field uniformity into the data transmission. First, a uniformity index was established to quantify the flow field parameter distribution characteristics, and a uniformity index prediction model based on the locally weighted regression method (Lowess) was established to quickly obtain the flow field information. Then, an information selection criterion in 3D to 1D data transmission was established based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the uniformity index and the accuracy of coupling calculation, and the calculation method was automatically determined according to the established criterion. Finally, a modified function was obtained by fitting the ratio of the 3D mass-average parameters to the analytical solution, which are then used to modify the selected parameters at the 1D-3D interface. Taking a typical disk cavity air system as an example, the results show that the calculation accuracy of the CDT method is greatly improved by a relative 53.88% compared with the traditional 1D-3D coupling method. Furthermore, the CDT method achieves a speedup of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude compared to the 3D calculation.     

Multi-scale nature of non-blade-order propagating flow disturbances in axial compressors

Non-blade-order flow disturbances, also referred to as pre-stall disturbances or tip flow unsteadiness, are closely related with compressor instabilities. The present work provides a comprehensive investigation on multi-scale nature of non-blade-order disturbances and the underlying flow physics in axial compressors. By applying full-annulus Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulations, along with space–time correlation and spatial Fourier decomposition, to the disturbed pressure, the propagating feature of the non-blade-order disturbances is obtained. Further, a bridge between non-blade-order disturbances and the evolution of unsteady vortex has been set up. The results show that non-blade-order disturbances, featured as short-length-scale (35 modes across annulus), first appear as the occurrence of tip leakage vortex fluctuation, while the compressor still operates far from stall. Leading-edge radial vortex appears at near stall condition, and its movement induces a circumferential propagating disturbance overlaying on the one induced by oscillating tip leakage vortex. The interaction of the short-scale disturbances with a low-amplitude long-scale (of circumference) disturbance is observed, which results in disturbances with multiple scales of consecutive spatial modes, along with multiple frequency peaks in spectra. The compressor falls into stall as the circumferential nonuniform scattering of the leading-edge vortexes occurs. The densely- and sparsely-scattered leading-edge radial vortexes induce a high-amplitude long-scale (of circumference) disturbance, i.e. stall disturbance.