西宁曹家堡机场二期建设期间风沙现象特殊性的统计分析

针对西宁曹家堡机场2010、2011年风沙现象迅速增多的原因进行了详细的统计分析,得出了机场二期建设期间风沙现象的特点,并总结了合理的观测方法.     

自由落体下落速度振荡现象的研究

为了研究自由下落物体的速度震荡现象,基于相对运动原理,应用立式风洞研究了5种典型形状的物体在上升气流中的悬浮特性。模型包括球形、正方体、长方体、短圆柱体和碟形等刚体。风速的平均值由皮托管风速计测得,同时通过CCD相机记录了物体达到悬浮状态前后的运动状态并进行了定量分析。实验结果表明:对称性较好的物体具有较稳定的悬浮特性;而非对称性物体,由于不同姿态角下的阻力系数和扭矩系数不同,很难维持一个稳定的悬浮状态,将伴随姿态的变化不断发生振荡运动。从而说明,空间形体对称的物体自由下落过程中可以达到较稳定的最大下落速度,而形体非对称的物体则难以达到确定的最大速度。除实验研究之外,还采用动态网格数值模拟手段计算了二维方形模型下落过程中的姿态角及运动轨迹,同时得到模型不同姿态角下的阻力和扭矩,计算结果也进一步解释了物体下落速度会发生振荡的原因。     

基于Transition SST模型的高雷诺数圆柱绕流数值研究

为了研究高雷诺数下圆柱绕流边界层的转捩现象和圆柱尾迹近壁区的流动特征,首先通过在典型雷诺数下采用Transition SST四方程转捩模型模拟圆柱绕流得到的结果与实验结果及采用SST k-ω两方程湍流模型模拟结果的对比分析,验证了Transition SST模型在模拟高雷诺数下圆柱绕流的优越性,并较为准确地预测出了圆柱绕流边界层的转捩现象及尾迹近壁区的流动特征。然后分别对亚临界区、临界区、超临界区和过临界区的圆柱绕流问题进行了数值模拟,分析了不同雷诺数下圆柱绕流的流场结构及圆柱表面压力系数、摩擦力系数的变化规律,研究了圆柱绕流近壁区的流动特征、边界层转捩的流动机理、转捩位置及其随雷诺数的变化规律。结果表明,亚临界区二维圆柱绕流边界层发生层流分离,无分离泡和转捩现象;临界区和超临界区二维圆柱绕流边界层先产生了分离泡现象,之后流动发生了转捩并在转捩后发生湍流分离;过临界区二维圆柱绕流边界层流动在转捩之后发生湍流分离,无分离泡现象;在临界区、超临界区和过临界区,二维圆柱绕流边界层转捩位置随雷诺数增大向前驻点移动。     

考虑磁滞效应的电抗器二维电磁场计算

将JA模型与电磁场数值分析方法相结合,在考虑铁心的磁滞效应的情况下,推导出电磁场的有限元计算模型。分别采用基本磁化曲线和磁滞回线两种不同的方法对电抗器的电磁场进行仿真计算。研究结果表明磁滞现象对电抗器电磁场的计算影响较大,因此考虑磁滞效应的电磁场数值计算模型,为进一步研究电抗器的发热问题奠定了理论基础。     

Al_2O_3p/Al复合材料振动攻丝螺纹质量研究

针对Al2O3p/Al金属基复合材料普通攻丝出现的粘刀现象和螺纹质量不好的问题,分析了问题原因及低频扭转振动攻丝工艺特点,进行了干切状态下振动攻丝和连续攻丝螺纹质量对比实验.     

软式加油过程中软管鞭打现象数值模拟研究

对空中加油过程中软管锥套系统产生的鞭打现象进行了数值模拟.流场计算中的空间离散采用Osher格式,紊流模型采用S-A一方程模型;运用“刚杆-球铰”模型离散方法对软管锥套系统建模,建立了软管多体系统模型并推导其运动控制方程;采用一类基于相邻单元搜索算法,通过搜寻软管节点所在加油机尾流场网格的宿主单元,建立软管微段气动力与流场的联系.运用方法对软管锥套系统的动态特性进行了仿真,结果与国内外飞行试验结果相吻合.     

Modeling and simulation of a time-varying inertia aircraft in aerial refueling

Studied in this paper is dynamic modeling and simulation application of the receiver aircraft with the time-varying mass and inertia property in an integrated simulation environment which includes two other significant factors, i.e., a hose–drogue assembly dynamic model with the variable-length property and the wind effect due to the tanker's trailing vortices. By extending equations of motion of a fixed weight aircraft derived by Lewis et al., a new set of equations of motion for a receiver in aerial refueling is derived. The equations include the time-varying mass and inertia property due to fuel transfer and the fuel consumption by engines, and the fuel tanks have a rectangle shape rather than a mass point. They are derived in terms of the translational and rotational position and velocity of the receiver with respect to an inertial reference frame. A linear quadratic regulator(LQR) controller is designed based on a group of linearized equations under the initial receiver mass condition. The equations of motion of the receiver with a LQR controller are implemented in the integrated simulation environment for autonomous approaching and station-keeping of the receiver in simulations.     

强激光对材料的热—力学破坏效应

概述了强激光对材料的热－力学破坏效应的最新进展，内容包括加热和熔融、热应力、汽化和烧蚀及层裂等方面。     

Critical phenomenon,crisis and transition to spatiotemporal chaos in plasmas

In a driven/damped drift-wave system a steady wave induces nonlinear variation of the dispersion of a perturbation wave (PW). Competition between the nonlinear dispersion with self-nonlinearity of the PW results in rich wave dynamic behaviors. In particular, a steady wave at the negative tangency slope of a hysteresis becomes unstable due to a saddle instability. It is found that such saddle steady wave (SSW) plays an important role in the discontinuous transition from a spatially coherent state to spatiotemporal chaos (STC). The transition is caused by a crisis due to a collision of the PW attactor to an unstable orbit of the SSW. In the time evolution, it is a ‘pattern resonance’ of the realized wave with the virtual SSW that triggers the crisis. The transition also displays as a critical phenomenon in parameter space, which is related to the change in the symmetry property of the motion of master mode (k = 1) of the PW with respect to that of SSW. In the spatially coherent state the former is trapped by the SSW partial wave, while in the STC it can become free from the latter, its trajectory crosses two unstable orbits of the SSW frequently, causing very turbulent behavior. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system and integral sliding mode backstepping control for the hose whipping phenomenon

Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system（HDARS） and an integral sliding mode backstepping controller design for the hose whipping phenomenon（HWP） during probe-drogue coupling are studied. Firstly, a dynamic model of the variable-length hose-drogue assembly is built for the sake of exploiting suppression methods for the whipping phenomenon.Based on the lumped parameter method, the hose is modeled by a series of variable-length links connected with frictionless joints. A set of iterative equations of the hose＇s three-dimensional motion is derived subject to hose reeling in/out, tanker motion, gravity, and aerodynamic loads accounting for the effects of steady wind, atmospheric turbulence, and tanker wake. Secondly,relying on a permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-precision position sensors, a new active control strategy for the HWP on the basis of the relative position between the tanker and the receiver is proposed. Considering the strict-feedback configuration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a rotor position control law based on the backstepping method is designed to insure global stability. An integral of the rotor position error and an exponential sliding mode reaching law of the current errors are applied to enhance control accuracy and robustness. Finally,the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and control laws.