基于室内无线模型的穿墙损耗校正

K-M（Keenan-Motley）模型将单墙固定损耗值相加来计算室内无线信号穿透多墙的总损耗值，存在较大误差。针对该问题选取多种室内场景分别进行连续波（Continuous Wave，CW）测试，对无线信号穿墙损耗的影响因素和变化规律进行分析，提出了一种基于人工神经网络的室内无线模型穿墙损耗校正方法，对预处理后的测试数据进行训练并建立预测模型。经验证该预测模型符合校正判别准则，在实际场景下具有良好的预测准确度。     

考虑测试性设计缺陷修正延时的测试性增长模型建模与评价方法

针对现有测试性增长模型忽略了测试性设计缺陷的修正延时过程，进而导致测试性增长模型（TGM）跟踪与预计精度低的问题，提出了一种考虑测试性设计缺陷修正延时的测试性增长模型建模理论与方法。首先分析测试性设计缺陷识别与修正之间的延时机理，得到剩余测试性设计缺陷（TDL）具有先增后减的铃形变化趋势；在此基础上，分别以Gamma、Raleigh和Delay-S 3种曲线拟合剩余测试性设计缺陷（RTDL）变化趋势，研究建立基于以上3种曲线考虑修正延时的测试性增长模型；最后，以某机载稳定跟踪平台测试性增长试验数据验证测试性增长模型拟合、跟踪及预计效能。研究结果表明：基于该测试性增长试验数据，Gamma曲线可以精确地拟合剩余测试性设计缺陷变化规律，测试性增长模型跟踪和预计精度可达到10^-2数量级。     

面向工程数据集导管工艺性批量审查技术研究

在飞机MBD数模中导管数量大,人工进行导管工艺性审查工作繁琐、效率低且容易出错.针对面向工程数据集导管工艺性审查问题,利用计算机批量处理的优势,通过自动检索、自动识别和数据库技术建立导管工艺性批量审查平台.实现导管数模的弯曲半径与直线段距离合理性、导管规格是否存在等工艺性检查,从而判断导管设计是否合理,预先发现导管设计存在的问题,避免对后续生产造成麻烦,降低了生产成本,提高了生产效率.该导管工艺性批量审查平台系统可以提高工艺审查效率数十倍,同时保证导管工艺性审查的准确性.     

Predictive fault-tolerant control of an all-thruster satellite in 6-DOF motion via neural network model updating

The problem of controlling an all-thruster spacecraft in the coupled translational-rotational motion in presence of actuators fault and/or failure is investigated in this paper. The nonlinear model predictive control approach is used because of its ability to predict the future behavior of the system. The fault/failure of the thrusters changes the mapping between the commanded forces to the thrusters and actual force/torque generated by the thruster system. Thus, the basic six degree-of-freedom kinetic equations are separated from this mapping and a set of neural networks are trained off-line to learn the kinetic equations. Then, two neural networks are attached to these trained networks in order to learn the thruster commands to force/torque mappings on-line. Different off-nominal conditions are modeled so that neural networks can detect any failure and fault, including scale factor and misalignment of thrusters. A simple model of the spacecraft relative motion is used in MPC to decrease the computational burden. However, a precise model by the means of orbit propagation including different types of perturbation is utilized to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed approach in actual conditions. The numerical simulation shows that this method can successfully control the all-thruster spacecraft with ON-OFF thrusters in different combinations of thruster fault and/or failure.     

非预混条件下的旋转爆轰燃烧室双波头演化过程数值模拟

针对旋转爆轰燃烧室双波头演化过程中流场结构变化的问题,对非预混条件下的旋转爆轰燃烧室从起爆到形成稳定的双波头过程进行了数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,从起爆到形成稳定爆轰过程,燃烧室主要经历了起爆、爆轰波对撞和稳定爆轰三个阶段；在爆轰波对撞阶段,首次对撞是两个爆轰波间的对撞,由于对撞点处缺少新鲜混合气,从而在对撞结束后衰减为两个压力波。第二次对撞是两个压力波间的对撞,因为在第二次对撞点附近存在新鲜混合气来支撑爆轰波的持续传播,故对撞结束后产生了一个爆轰波和一个较弱的压力波；第二次对撞发生后,燃烧室内的压力波反射叠加并形成局部高压区,此高压区压缩气体使气体温度升高,高温气体引燃混合气后,最终发展成为第二个爆轰波；稳定阶段,两个爆轰波均能稳定自持传播,爆轰波峰面压力可达1.45MPa,波后温度为2500K,爆轰波速度稳定在1738m/s,产生的推力与比冲分别为79.76N和2312.15s；斜激波的存在使燃烧室出口平面流场产生了较大波动。      

航空活塞二冲程汽油机排气口高度优化研究

针对作为无人机动力的某可变排气二冲程发动机在去掉可变排气系统后对发动机性能的影响，利用Fire仿真软件建立了发动机的缸内工作过程仿真模型，通过仿真和试验的方法研究了去掉可变排气系统后的发动机特性，结果表明:去掉可变排气系统后在2000r/min、10%节气门开度和5500r/min、50%节气门开度条件下，发动机的扫气效率降低，输出功率下降。在此基础上，利用仿真研究的方法对排气口高度参数进行了优化研究。去掉可变系统后排气口高度最优值为36.3mm时可以在保证常用无人机飞行转速范围内，各工况下扫气效率较高，发动机指示功损失最小，输出功率可以满足无人机动力需求。      

脉冲爆震载荷作用下转子系统动力学特性

针对脉冲爆震涡轮发动机(PDTE)气动载荷具有周期性、非定常的特点,应用有限元法建立了PDTE转子系统动力学特性计算模型。在验证计算模型准确性的基础上,研究了周期性、非定常轴向力和扭矩对转子系统动力学特性的影响。研究结果表明:与传统燃气涡轮发动机相比,PDTE转子系统同时存在弯曲振动、轴向振动和扭转振动。脉冲爆震燃烧室的气动载荷会改变转子系统的弯曲刚度,但对气动载荷合理设计后,其对弯曲振动的影响较小。周期性、非定常轴向力引起转子系统轴向振动,且轴向振动特性主要受零频和1阶轴向共振频率处响应的影响。PDTE工作时滚珠轴承的轴向支反力会不断变向,在设计滚珠轴承时应予以考虑。周期性、非定常扭矩引起转子系统扭转振动,1阶扭转共振频率分量在扭转振动响应中占优。      

边界层抽吸对超燃冲压发动机流场特性的影响研究

为了解边界层抽吸对超燃冲压发动机流场的影响,采用风洞试验和数值计算对隔离段激波串特性以及燃烧室燃烧特性进行了研究。结果表明,在发动机入口马赫数2.0,总温950K,总压0.82MPa的来流条件下,当量比为0.18先锋氢气与不同当量比煤油共同燃烧呈不稳定状态,激波串在隔离段内前后振荡传播。当煤油当量比为0.29时,激波串振荡前缘远离抽吸位置,边界层抽吸对发动机流场基本没有影响。随着煤油当量比逐渐增大,激波串前缘位置到达抽吸区附近,边界层抽吸开始产生影响,改变了隔离段内的激波串动态演化过程、形态结构以及位置分布,同时有效提高了隔离段抗反压特性,使得煤油最大当量比可以由0.38增大至0.42。此外,边界层抽吸对发动机内的亚燃/超燃区域分布也会产生影响。     

Bayesian network-based extraction of lunar impact craters from optical images and DEM data

Impact craters are among the most noticeable geomorphological features on the planetary surface and yield significant information about terrain evolution and the history of the solar system. Thus, the recognition of impact craters is an important branch of modern planetary studies. Aiming at addressing problems associated with the insufficient and inaccurate detection of lunar impact craters, a decision fusion method within the Bayesian network (BN) framework is developed in this paper to handle multi-source information from both optical images and associated digital elevation model (DEM) data. First, we implement the edge-based method for efficiently searching crater candidates which are the image patches that can potentially contain impact craters. Secondly, the multi-source representations of an impact crater derived from both optical images and DEM data are proposed and constructed to quantitatively describe the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphology, consisting of Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Histogram of Multi-scale Slope (HMS) and Histogram of Multi-scale Aspect (HMA). Finally, a BN-based framework integrates the multi-source representations of impact craters, which can provide reductant and complementary information, for distinguishing craters from non-craters. To evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted on three lunar scenes using both orthoimages from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and DEM data acquired by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). Experimental results demonstrate that integrating optical images with DEM data significantly decreases the number of false positives compared with using optical images alone, with F₁-score of 84.8% on average. Moreover, compared with other existing fusion methods, our proposed method was quite advantageous especially for the detection of small-scale craters with diameters less than 1000 m.     

C/SiC材料主被动氧化烧蚀机理及计算方法研究

基于热化学平衡方法建立了任意比例C/SiC材料的主被动氧化烧蚀模型，开展了C/SiC材料氧化烧蚀机理的计算研究，并基于典型材料烧蚀试验结果进行了充分验证。计算结果表明，C/SiC材料的氧化烧蚀特性取决于表面温度、氧分压以及组分等因素，可能会出现主动氧化和被动氧化两种破坏机制，目前的烧蚀模型能够预测出任意比例C/SiC材料两种氧化烧蚀机制的转换过程；SiC含量对C/SiC材料的氧化烧蚀特性有明显的影响，随着SiC含量的提升，主/被动氧化转换临界分压会减小，材料的抗氧化性能越好；但当材料均处于主动氧化阶段时，SiC含量越高材料的无量纲烧蚀速率越大，材料的抗烧蚀性能减弱。