降落伞自动开伞器技术现状及发展方向

自动开伞器是为保障开伞安全而与降落伞配套使用的关键航空器材,为能总体把握其技术发展状况,促进自动开伞技术不断完善和发展,首先从工作原理上概述了三类机械式自动开伞器的技术状况,然后立足当前机械式自动开伞器的使用现状和存在问题,探讨和提出了我国自动开伞器应向机电式和电子式方向发展的技术前景。     

Spectroscopy peculiarities of thermal plasma of electric arc discharge between electrodes with Zn admixtures

Plasma of the free burning electric arc between Ag–SnO₂–ZnO composite electrodes as well as brass electrodes were investigated. The plasma temperature distributions were obtained by Boltzmann plot method involving Cu I, Ag I or Zn I spectral line emissions. The electron density distributions were obtained from the width and from absolute intensity of spectral lines. The laser absorption spectroscopy was used for measurement of copper atom concentration in plasma. Plasma equilibrium composition was calculated using two independent groups of experimental values (temperature and copper atom concentration, temperature and electron density). It was found that plasma of the free burning electric arc between brass electrodes is in local thermodynamical equilibrium. The experimental verification of the spectroscopic data of Zn I spectral lines was carried out.     

A shortcut to marking 3D target curves on curved surface via a galvanometric laser scanner

Marking arbitrary three-dimensional(3D) target curves on given objects with curved surface is required in many industrial fields, such as fabric prepreg placement in composite material part fabrication, product assembly, surface painting for decoration, etc. A shortcut to the solution of this intractable problem is proposed by utilizing a galvanometric laser scanner(GLS) with the aid of a camera. Without using the existing tedious GLS calibration procedures,the proposed method directly establishes a mapping between the 3D coordinates of the laser spots on the object surface and the control voltages of the scanner. A single-hidden layer feedforward neural network(SLFN) is employed to model the mapping. By projecting a dense grid of laser spots on the object to be marked and simultaneously taking only one image, the SLFN model is trained in minutes via a linear solving mechanism. Experiments demonstrate that the trained SLFN model has a good generalization performance for marking 3D target curves. The 3D laser marking errors on experimental objects are less than 0.5 mm. The proposed method is especially suitable for on-site use and can be conveniently extended to multiple GLSs for marking large complex objects.     

雷达/红外复合导引头抗干扰跟踪方法

为了有效应对强噪声干扰、箔条干扰以及红外诱饵干扰,提出了一种雷达/红外复合导引头抗干扰跟踪方法.该方法通过导引头观测信息关联度的检测、新息方差迹值的比较,进而对于扰进行判断,然后选择合适的导引头工作模式对目标进行跟踪.仿真结果表明,所提出的协同跟踪方法不仅可以保证较高的跟踪精度,而且可以保证在干扰环境下对目标跟踪的连续性与稳定性.     

内外分区空间统一精度场建立方法研究

针对内外分区空间内结构和设备安装的数字化测量需求,研究内外参考点之间的关联技术,构建与外测量精度场相统一的内测量精度场。对于内外空间不同的开口数,利用多测点定位法、二测点和水平仪单站位定位法、二测点和水平仪双站位定位法等方法建立内精度场,实现与外精度场的统一。以某型设备为例进行试验表明,利用内外精度场测量同一检测点进行比较,测量的最大不一致误差为0.14 mm,证明构建模式可行、简单、可靠。     

激光器性能综合测试设备研制

介绍了激光器的主要性能指标,根据实际需要进行了激光性能测试设备的研究,提出了一种周全的激光性能测试设备研制方案,对该设备的结构设计、光路设计、以及测试方法作了详尽论述。设备中利用两对相互垂直的P分光镜和S分光镜以补偿偏振光在45°面上透反射率不同而造成的测量误差,进一步保证了激光能量测试的准确性。误差分析结果表明该设备满足实际应用中对激光器性能的测试要求。     

热处理对激光直接沉积成形A-100钢基体组织及性能的影响

研究了激光直接沉积成形A-100钢沉积态及热处理态组织,通过调整热处理工艺获得激光直接沉积成形A-100钢回火马氏体+回火贝氏体混合基体组织。不同热处理工艺下性能对比结果表明,相比淬火马氏体组织,回火贝氏体+回火马氏体混合组织具有更高的强度,但塑性有所下降。     

基于中介理论与交通特性的终端区态势评价

终端区交通态势的准确度量是制定并实施流量管理措施的重要依据之一。通过提取终端区宏观与微观的交通特性,从进离场及总量3个维度构建态势的指标描述,并进一步采用中介理论中的真值程度度量与熵权法建立了一种客观的终端区飞行区交通态势模糊综合评价方法,实现客观、准确的交通态势判别与样本间量化比较。选取国内典型繁忙终端区的实测数据,验证了评价方法与特性指标的有效性。     

热处理对激光增材制造Ti2AlNb基合金组织及性能的影响

利用激光增材制造技术制备出Ti-22Al-25Nb合金薄壁试样,分析了沉积态和热处理态试样的宏观形貌、相组成和显微组织,以及不同制度热处理态试样的组织和室温拉伸性能.结果表明,沉积态试样相组成沿沉积高度方向呈现由B2+O+α2→B2+O→B2的变化趋势;热处理态试样的微观组织和相组成均匀,由B2、O、α23相组成;经930℃保温2h空冷的固溶处理和800℃保温24h空冷的时效处理后,合金室温拉伸性能好,抗拉强度为1017MPa,断后伸长率为6.0％.     

无定向激光陀螺捷联惯组标定方法的对比研究

对三种无定向激光陀螺捷联惯组标定方法进行了对比研究,详细分析了各种方案的标定原理,提出了利用标准差作为评价标定方法优劣的指标.结合对某一激光陀螺捷联惯组标定试验结果的分析,得到了在无北向基准的情况下,三种标定方法在标定时间和标定精度两个指标上的对比结果,为无定向激光捷联惯组的标定提供了指导,具有较大的工程应用价值.