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21.
介绍一种以线性调频半导体激光为光源的衍射光栅干涉仪。激光与光栅上衍射的±1级衍射波会合,由于有光程差而发生光拍频,测量拍频信号的相位移则可测得光栅的位移。设计了一种克服激光波长漂移和空气折射率变化影响的对称差动光路,使这种方法达到实用化的程度,分辨力达到纳米级。此外,还介绍了应用于接触干涉仪的实验情况。 相似文献
22.
脉冲激光测距误差标定及不确定度分析CSCD 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以脉冲激光测距机的测距误差标定为背景,通过对测距误差解析表达式的推导,给出了系统各不确定度分量对测距误差的影响,计算了信号延迟时间、探测器和激光二极管响应时间、晶振频率、大气折射率等不确定度分量。通过对某已标定激光测距机实验验证表明:该装置在500m^20 000m测距范围内,测量重复性引入的相对标准不确定度最大值为0.67m,满足该类激光测距机测量不确定度5m(k=2)的校准测试需求。因此,利用该解析表达式可以实现对脉冲激光测距误差的有效评估,这对于脉冲激光测距测试系统、脉冲激光测距机的设计具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
23.
介绍了一种非接触式激光检测系统,可用于检测液晶曝光中液晶模板与基板之间的间隙,给出了该种系统的测量原理、硬件系统、信号处理方法、测量结果、分辨力和误差分析,并指出了这种测量系统的应用。 相似文献
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介绍了一种在中,小范围内,采用激光定位,超声测距的新型测量仪器,该仪器以单片微处理器为核心,对不同的测量距离,采用不同频率的超声波,结合信号处理方法,从而实现0.6~14m范围内高精度实时测量目标距离,其测量相对误差优于1%。 相似文献
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实验以含能聚合物聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(Glycidyl azide polymer,GAP)作为激光烧蚀微推力器的靶材。通过对不同浓度纳米碳粉掺杂和靶材厚度下激光烧蚀GAP的比冲、冲量耦合系数和能量转化效率测量,结合靶材喷射羽流图像,分析了纳米碳粉掺杂提高激光烧蚀聚合物靶材推进性能的机理,给出纳米碳粉掺杂的适用方式。实验结果表明:透射式下,掺杂纳米碳粉之后,聚合物对激光的吸收大幅增强,但激光烧蚀推进性能不随掺杂浓度增加而显著提升;纳米碳粉吸收激光能量形成温度极高的局部热区促进聚合物中化学能的释放,是推进性能提升的主要原因;掺杂纳米碳粉之后的GAP烧蚀深度降低,表现出面吸收特性;随着靶材厚度的增加,未完全烧蚀的工质质量增加,使得靶材的利用率大大降低,导致聚合物推进性能下降。实验中掺杂3%纳米碳粉、厚度为54 μm的GAP靶材最优能量转化效率超过250%,适合作为透射式激光烧蚀微推力器的靶材。 相似文献
28.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(10):2276-2289
The LAGEOS (LAser GEOdynamic Satellite) satellites use a 1.5 in. uncoated retroreflector (cube corner). Design studies done for LAGEOS-1 showed that using smaller cubes would result in greater accuracy and lower thermal gradients. However, this would require using a larger number of cubes. Simulations showed that the accuracy goal of 5 mm could be met using 1.5 in. cubes by adding a dihedral angle offset. The LARES (LAser RElativity Satellite) satellite launched in 2012 is a smaller version of LAGEOS using the same size cube corner and floating mount as LAGEOS.The recent development of COTS (Commercial Off-The-Shelf) cube corners has eliminated cost as an obstacle to using a larger number of smaller cubes. COTS cubes have no dihedral angle offset. However, no offset is needed if the size is chosen properly. The diffraction pattern of a 1.0 in. uncoated cube with no dihedral angle offset has 6 lobes around the central peak due to total internal reflection, The velocity aberration for LAGEOS is about 32–40 microradians. The OCS (Optical Cross Section) of a one inch uncoated COTS retroreflector is about 0.5 million sq m for the LAGEOS orbit.Testing of 10 inexpensive COTS cubes by Ludwig Grunwaldt and Reinhart Neubert shows good cross section (unpublished work done at GFZ Potsdam, Germany). Measurement of 50 COTS cubes at INFN (Mondaini et al., 2018), shows a loss of cross section of only 33% (Slide 10). Simulations show that systematic range errors on the order of a half millimeter are possible for a spherical geodetic satellite such as LARES. Adjustments for the holding and ejection system result in some loss of accuracy. 相似文献
29.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(2):831-849
The far-infrared (FIR) regime is one of the few wavelength ranges where no astronomical data with sub-arcsecond spatial resolution exist yet. Neither of the medium-term satellite projects like SPICA, Millimetron or OST will resolve this malady. For many research areas, however, information at high spatial and spectral resolution in the FIR, taken from atomic fine-structure lines, from highly excited carbon monoxide (CO) and especially from water lines would open the door for transformative science. These demands call for interferometric concepts. We present here first results of our feasibility study IRASSI (Infrared Astronomy Satellite Swarm Interferometry) for an FIR space interferometer. Extending on the principal concept of the previous study ESPRIT, it features heterodyne interferometry within a swarm of five satellite elements. The satellites can drift in and out within a range of several hundred meters, thereby achieving spatial resolutions of <0.1 arcsec over the whole wavelength range of 1–6 THz. Precise knowledge on the baselines will be ensured by metrology methods employing laser-based optical frequency combs, for which preliminary ground-based tests have been designed by members of our study team. We first give a motivation on how the science requirements translate into operational and design parameters for IRASSI. Our consortium has put much emphasis on the navigational aspects of such a free-flying swarm of satellites operating in relatively close vicinity. We hence present work on the formation geometry, the relative dynamics of the swarm, and aspects of our investigation towards attitude estimation. Furthermore, we discuss issues regarding the real-time capability of the autonomous relative positioning system, which is an important aspect for IRASSI where, due to the large raw data rates expected, the interferometric correlation has to be done onboard, in quasi-real-time. We also address questions regarding the spacecraft architecture and how a first thermomechanical model is used to study the effect of thermal perturbations on the spacecraft. This will have implications for the necessary internal calibration of the local tie between the laser metrology and the phase centres of the science signals and will ultimately affect the accuracy of the baseline estimations. 相似文献
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